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Results for “Ovulation Detection”

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PubMed1981

Extracorporeal fertilization and embryo transfer.

IVF may be used for diagnostic or therapeutic reasons. In patients with idiopathic infertility IVF may distinguish between defects in the spermatozoa or oocyte. At present IVF and ET offers patients with either tubal or idiopathic infertility only a small chance of becoming pregnant (4 to 13 per cent). General application of IVF and ET will be determined by future success rates and incidence of fetal malformation. Selection, preparation and management of patients requires a specialized team, meticulous attention to detail and intense work. The results at four steps in the procedure can be analysed: the rate of oocyte collection is 85 to 90 per cent, the rate of fertilization, 80 to 90 per cent, the rate of embryo development, 50 to 70 per cent, and the pregnancy rate per laparoscopy, 4 to 13 per cent. The factors determining success are not known. The collection of mature oocytes, the use of particular culture media and ease of embryo transfer are important. There are advantages in using clomiphene citrate HCG stimulation rather than the natural cycle. Pregnancy has occurred despite factors thought to be deleterious to IVF: general anaesthesia, carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum, prolonged anaesthesia before oocyte collection and bleeding before or after ET. Ethical and legal aspects of IVF and ET require consideration by the community, legal profession and religious groups, and suitable guidelines need to be established for scientists and doctors.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

A study of the equivalence between rectal palpation, laparoscopy, laparotomy and ovarian dissection for evaluation of the ovarian response of PMSG-superovulated cows.

The PMSG-superovulatory response was determined by ovarian dissection in 20 cows and compared with estimates made by laparoscopy laparotomy and rectal palpation at day 7 of the induced estrus. The corpora lutea count made transrectally seriously underestimated real corpora lutea numbers when more than nine corpora lutea were present. Rectal palpation failed to correctly identify the number of follicles >/= 10 mm when more than four follicles were present. After ovarian dissection, laparotomy was the most constant and accurate method to obtain the number of ovulations, followed by laparoscopy. The excessive weight and the large size of the ovaries associated with the presence of large unovulated luteinized follicles were often responsible for the erroneous estimates of the ovulation rate by rectal palpation.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Limitations of the nonhuman pregnancy kit for pregnancy diagnosis in baboons.

The Nonhuman Primate Pregnancy Test (NHPPT) kit was evaluated for diagnosis of pregnancy in baboons. Unreadable controls rendered 33% of all tests inconclusive. Refrigeration and dilution did little to improve the number of inconclusive tests. Positive-and false-negative results from readable tests on days 20 to 27 of confirmed pregnancy were 75% and 25%, respectively. The NHPPT did not always provide an accurate diagnosis of pregnancy and often proved unreadable.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1983

More about natural family planning.

When properly taught and practised, natural family planning can be a highly effective form of birth regulation. Recent studies indicate low failure rates of less than three pregnancies per 100 women years for couples with a strong motivation to follow the method. Studies show that pregnancy rates are high when the rules for avoiding pregnancy are not adhered to. Successful natural family planning can lead to heightened self esteem and marital enrichment.

Amenorrhea↗
PubMed1978

Study confirms values of ovulation method.

In order to determine the effectiveness of the ovulation method in spacing or achieving pregnancy as well as couple satisfaction with the method, the Natural Family Planning Program of St. Vincent Hospital, Green Bay, WI, studied 453 couples who had participated in the program. The program's director reports that the study results suggest the method provides a safe, effective approach to birth control and assists some women to become pregnant who have not succeeded prior to using this method.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Determination of fertility interval with ovulation time estimation using differential skin surface temperature (DST) measurement.

Temperature distributions over the breasts of five healthy, young female volunteers using non-pharmaceutical contraceptives were studied over a menstrual cycle to identify "dynamic" temperature points related to E2-induced vascularity and "static" temperature points reflecting the body's core temperature. Corresponding thermometric measurements were analyzed. It was shown during a preliminary study that the DST between a "dynamic" and "static" point, so located, provides advance information on ovulation timing independent of physiologic disturbances and circadian and ambient temperature changes.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Prediction of Ovulation and timing of AIH].

The relation among ultrasonographic follicular diameter, serum estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), cervical mucus changes, and basal body temperature (BBT) was studied. One hundred and eight cycles were examined in forty-two infertile patients. The last low day of the BBT curve was taken as day zero. In 83 of the 85 cycles, 158 of 163 times, follicles could be observed by ultrasonography. Follicular rupture was confirmed in 12 cycles. The mean diameter of the follicles measured the day before estimated ovulation was 24.00 +/- 3.10mm (mean +/- S.D.). Serum E2 levels were more than 400pg /ml from day -2 to day -1 and the peak serum LH levels occurred on day 0. The volume of cervical mucus (C.M.) was more than 100mm3 from day -2 to day +1. The volume was decreased in clomid stimulated cycles and the C.M. displayed a 3+ ferning 23/28 cycles on day 0. Among 5 pregnancies induced by homologous artificial insemination (AIH), three were done on day -2, one on day +1 and one on day +2. The best time to do AIH is when serum E2 is more than 400pg /ml, serum LH is more than 60m IU/ml, cervical mucus is 3+ ferning , and the follicular diameter is more than 20mm.

Cervix Mucus↗
PubMed1984

[Serum prolactin levels following abortion in normal and molar pregnancy].

The changes in serum specific hCG and prolactin levels were studied in 20 women after the evacuation of normal pregnancy at 5-10 weeks (group A) and 10 patients after the evacuation of molar pregnancy of 9-16 weeks (group B). The elimination of circulating hCG was faster in group A than in group B, and that in women after term delivery(group C)was faster than in both groups A and B. The half-life of the serum hCG level was 44.4 hrs in group A, 42.7hrs in group B, and 38.9hrs in group C, respectively. The mean level of serum prolactin in group A was 27.4ng/ml at 0 day, 64.5ng/ml at 4-7 days, and 31.9ng/ml at 13-15 days after evacuation, respectively. The surge was statistically significant. Though no regular tendency was found in the prolactin levels in group B, the levels were relatively higher than in group A and nonpregnant women. No correlation was found between hCG and prolactin levels in either group A or group B. The administration of drugs, such as methotrexate, did not affect the prolactin levels. On BBT, the resumption of ovulation tended to occur when the prolactin level, rather than the hCG level, returned to its normal range.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1980

Temporal relationships between ovulation and defined changes in the concentration of plasma estradiol-17 beta, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, and progesterone. I. Probit analysis. World Health Organization, Task Force on Methods for the Determination of the Fertile Period, Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction.

One hundred seventy-seven women have been studied over the periovulatory period, in order to obtain detailed information on temporal relationships between ovulation and defined changes in the concentrations of estradiol-17 beta (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and progesterone (P) in peripheral plasma. Serial samples of blood were taken, the surfaces of the ovaries were examined at laparotomy, and the mature follicle or corpus luteum was removed for histologic examination. The results in 107 cases fulfilled the criteria for statistical analysis, and in 78 the operation was performed after the follicle had ruptured. A probit analysis was undertaken with use of the proportion of women who had ovulated at a given time in relation to the interval from a defined rise or peak in the concentration of a circulating hormone. The median time intervals (in hours) from the hormonal event to ovulation and the 95% confidence limits of the estimates are as follows: 17 beta-estradiol--rise 82.5 (54.0 to 100.5), peak 24.0 (16.9 to 32.1); LH--rise 32.0 (23.6 to 38.2), peak 16.5 (9.5 to 23.0); FSH--rise 21.1 (14.1 to 30.9), peak 15.3 (8.1 to 21.7); progesterone--rise 7.8 (-12.5 to 15.9). From the statistical model for LH it was possible to estimate that ovulation in 90% of the cases had occurred between 16 (+/- 6) and 48 (+/- 6) hours after the first significant rise in the concentration of this hormone and between -3 (+/- 5) and 36 (+/- 5) hours after the peak. An examination of the individual results in every woman gave corresponding ranges of between 24 and 56 hours from the first significant rise in LH and between 8 and 40 hours after the peak. From a practical standpoint, the conclusion is that a defined rise in the concentration of circulating LH is the best indirect parameter of impending ovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

[Determination of the ovulation date in women with disturbed cervical factor by means of sonographic measurement of follicular growth, hormonal parameters and basal body temperature].

In 23 women from the fertility clinic with disturbed cervical factor and ovulatory cycles, the BBT was carried out, FSH, LH, progesterone and E2 were assayed and the follicular maturation was determined sonographically. The hormonal assays and ultrasound investigations were performed as a rule at 1-2 day intervals. The follicles were measured three dimensionally. At the time of ovulation, the mean diameter averaged 23 mm. There was a very good correlation between the various methods for determining the date of ovulation. Since the cervical factor could not be used for date determination in the patient group investigated, the immediately available result of the ultrasonographic investigation proved to be especially valuable. It was possible to attain a pregnancy in four cases.

Body Temperature↗