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At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1976

Angiographically induced renal failure and its radiographic detection.

Decreased renal function following arteriography is much more common than is currently realized. Steps to detect this failure are necessary, especially in high risk patients, so that stressful situations such as surgery can be avoided. A recently performed prospective random study of 100 patients undergoing angiography demonstrated a 10% incidence of renal failure. Those patients most at risk had preexisting renal disease as indicated by an elevated serum creatinine and/or cardiovascular disease severe enough to require digoxin, diuretics, or nitroglycerin. No cases of renal failure occurred in the absence of one or both of these processes. The likelihood of postangiographic renal failure was unrelated to the quantity of contrast as measured either by total volume or per kilogram body weight.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1981

Tissue distribution of soluble contrast: effect of dose variation and changes with time.

The changes in density of specific tissues after administration of intravenous contrast agents is easily detectable by computed tomography and is important in distinguishing normal and pathologic tissues. The time course of these density changes was determined in nine specific tissues in the rat by measuring tissue radioactivity after intravenous administration of 125I iothalamate. The effect of dose variations and the distribution of contrast between the extravascular and intravascular spaces in each tissue were studied as well. Most tissues showed a peak in contrast concentration immediately after injection and displayed a steady fall in concentration thereafter. In most tissues, the concentration was directly proportional to the administered dose. In liver and kidney, however, there was a relative delay in peak concentrations; concentrations were not directly proportional to the two administered doses and presumably reflected active accumulation. In all tissues, most of the contrast material was in the extravascular rather than the intravascular space within 1 min after administration; the ratio of contrast in the extravascular space to the total amount of contrast in each tissue rose steadily thereafter. These observations reveal significant differences among tissues in the distribution of contrast agents, which should be useful in the planning of CT protocols.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Comparison of tri-iodoisophthaldiamide with meglumine lothalamate in phlebography of the leg.

One hundred patients were examined by ascending phlebography of both legs in a prospective, double-blind, within-patient study. Each leg was randomly allocated to the examination using either lopamidol 61% as the contrast medium. Immediate side effects were recorded in all patients, and delayed effects in 46 patients. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test showed that lopamidol produced significantly less immediate and delayed pain in the foot and the leg than Conray. Iopamidol produced significantly less nausea and vomiting during the injection than Conray. There was no significant difference in the quality of the phlebograms with either of contrast medium.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Effect of blood on arachnoiditis from aqueous myelographic contrast media.

Bloody cerebrospinal fluid is thought to increase the risk of arachnoiditis from myelography with iophendylate, but not with aqueous media. An experimental study was undertaken of the effects of metrizamide, iocarmate, and blood, independently and in mixtures, on the production of arachnoid fibrosis. Monkeys exposed to a mixture of iocarmate or metrizamide and blood developed no more significant arachnoid fibrosis than animals exposed to the contrast medium alone. Lumbar puncture with bloody cerebrospinal fluid, although a possible cause of adverse effects, is not a contraindication to proceeding with metrizamide myelography.

Animals↗