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PubMed1992

Mutation of serine residue 318 in the class C beta-lactamase of Enterobacter cloacae 908R.

The involvement of the serine residue 318 in the specificity of a class C beta-lactamase was investigated. Multiple site-directed mutants at this position were generated using a polymerase chain reaction technique. These mutants were then probed for their activity towards various beta-lactam compounds. One mutant, S318G was further purified and its physico-chemical and catalytic properties determined. It was shown that the observed minimal inhibitory concentration values of this mutant could be correlated to its kinetic properties using a 'diffusion-hydrolysis' model. However, the data showed that residue 318 has little influence on the specificity of class C beta-lactamases.

Base Sequence↗
PubMedDate not supplied

In vitro activity of lomefloxacin against multiply resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter cloacae, and Staphylococcus epidermidis.

Lomefloxacin is a promising new difluorinated quinolone with good antimicrobial activity and favorable pharmacokinetic properties. The in vitro activity of lomefloxacin was compared to other quinolones, expanded spectrum beta-lactams, and gentamicin. The lomefloxacin MIC90 against multiply resistant strains of P. aeruginosa was 4 mcg/ml, comparable to norfloxacin and ofloxacin. Lomefloxacin was also active against methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis and JK corynebacteria. The role of lomefloxacin in the treatment of infections caused by multiresistant organisms remains to be determined in clinical trials.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed2005

Specificity of enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus and repetitive extragenic palindromic polymerase chain reaction for the detection of clonality within the Enterobacter cloacae complex.

An increasing number of clonal outbreaks caused by members of the E. cloacae complex is being reported. For the detection of clonality, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is considered the golden standard, but PCR-based methods are cheaper, easier to perform, and provide faster results. One hundred ninety-five isolates of the E. cloacae complex isolated at the university hospital Grosshadern, Munich, Germany, were assigned to their respective genetic cluster by partial hsp60 sequencing. All study isolates belonging to genetic clusters III and VI were selected to evaluate the specificity of the enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus (ERIC) and repetitive extragenic palindromic (REP) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the identification of clonal isolates belonging to the E. cloacae complex. For these 56 isolates, PFGE was performed, yielding 3 pairs of isolates with indistinguishable patterns. ERIC PCR resulted in 7 groups with identical patterns, together encompassing 49 study isolates. Comparing the ERIC PCR with the PFGE, a specificity of 14% considering the detection of "clonal" isolates was calculated. In this respect, REP PCR performed much better, yielding a specificity of 90%. An unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic averages tree based on ERIC PCR patterns allowed an accurate classification of the isolates to the respective genovars, suggesting that the ERIC PCR differentiates between genovars rather than between strains. In contrast, REP PCR differentiates better on the strain level. A proposed diagnostic system for the detection of subsumed outbreak strains of the E. cloacae complex is presented. It is based on an initial REP PCR, which should be confirmed by PFGE in cases of identical patterns, whereas ERIC PCR does not seem to be useful for the detection of outbreak strains when dealing with isolates of the E. cloacae complex.

Bacterial Typing Techniques↗