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At least 1,027 records · Page 57Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Decreased interleukin generation in patients with cancer of the digestive system. A correlation between interleukin 1 and interleukin 2 production.

The generating capacity of interleukin 1 (IL-1) and interleukin 2 (IL-2) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) was measured in 40 patients with digestive cancer (20 localized and 20 disseminated) and 20 age- and sex-matched control subjects. The localized carcinoma patients showed normal IL-1 production and a significantly depressed IL-2 production (p less than 0.05) when compared to the healthy individuals. The disseminated carcinoma patients exhibited a significant impairment of both IL-1 and IL-2 production in comparison with the healthy controls (IL-1: p less than 0.001, IL-2: p less than 0.001) and the localized carcinoma patients (IL-1: p less than 0.001, IL-2: p less than 0.001). A significant correlation was observed between IL-1 and IL-2 generation in all the cancer patients (r = 0.458, p less than 0.01). These results suggest that progressive tumor growth may result in decreased interleukin production by the host PBMNC, and that related mechanisms, which are more susceptible to lymphocytes than monocytes, may be involved in the impairment of both IL-1 and IL-2 production.

Gastrointestinal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1983

[Does continuous enteral nutritional deficiencies in digestive system diseases? Results of a longitudinal study of 92 consecutive patients treated for 3 to 7 weeks].

In order to assess the effectiveness and potential limitations of continuous enteral nutrition (CEN) to correct denutrition related to underlying digestive diseases, 10 nutritional criteria were measured weekly in 92 under-nourished patients fed with CEN for a 3-7 week period. All the patients received a standard non-elemental diet providing a mean daily energy intake of 52.8 kcal/kg BW (36.5 kcal/kg BW by tube feeding and 16.3 kcal/kg BW orally). The influence of preexisting intestinal malabsorption, hypercatabolic status, and post-radiation or inflammatory bowel disease was studied by an a posteriori classification of patients in one of the six following groups: I (no limiting factor), II (malabsorption), III (catabolic disease), IV (catabolic disease and malabsorption), V (colitis), VI (enteritis). During CEN, 8 patients had transient and one had persistent vomiting while 3 developed bronchopneumonia. Gains in body weight, triceps skinfold, midarm muscle circumference, creatinine-height index, urinary sodium and serum transferrin were significant as early as the 2nd week of CEN. Serum albumin and cholesterol, hemoglobin, and total count of lymphocytes were not significantly affected. Sixty-five patients (71 per cent) had an objective nutritional improvement and mean spontaneous oral intake increased from 17.8 to 28.7 kcal/kg BW per day. Significant increase of oral intake and objective nutritional improvement were observed in each group, but a longer period of CEN was necessary to achieve this result in groups II, IV and VI.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Alkaline CuO oxidation with a microwave digestion system: lignin analyses of geochemical samples.

A novel approach for the analysis of lignin in geochemical samples has been developed as an alternative to the alkaline CuO oxidation procedure first developed in 1982. The new procedure utilizes microwave digestion technology, as opposed to conductive heating, to carry out oxidative hydrolysis of six samples in an oxygen-free atmosphere at 150 degrees C for 90 min. Ethyl acetate is used as the extraction solvent in place of diethyl ether. Additionally, the new method incorporates a simplified extraction procedure that minimizes solvent handling and the amount of glassware needed. Under these novel conditions, the yields and compositions of lignin phenols from four different samples (modern and ancient sediments; woody and nonwoody tissues) match those obtained by the "traditional" procedure. The significant advantages of this new alkaline CuO oxidation method include faster reaction times, the ability to accurately measure and control reaction conditions, added flexibility for the analyst, and a marked increase in the achievable sample throughput.

Alkalies↗
PubMed1994

[Food conversion in the digestive system of juvenile bulls. 1. Conversion of protein and amino acids].

Fistulated bulls (duodenal bridge fistulas) received 10 rations containing 60% concentrate and combinations of carbohydrates from various sources to investigate the protein and amino acid flux in the digestive tract. With a constant crude protein concentration of 12-13% in the rations (adjusted by adding urea), an average of 85 +/- 8% of the crude protein ingested with the feed were found in the duodenum. The highest values were measured for rations containing wheat/dried sugar beet chips (97% and 67% resp.). The mean percentage of bacterial crude protein in the corrected total protein found in the duodenum was 69 +/- 11%. This fraction accounted for 53% and 51% respectively for the rations containing maize or fodder beet and increased to above 70% with the rations containing dried sugar beet chips. The amounts of lysine, threonine, methionine and glycine found in the duodenum were always higher than in the feed. The highest synthesis rates were found in animals receiving rations containing fodder beet or dried sugar beet chips, and the lowest was measured for dried sugar beet pulp. Glutamic acid was slight, and no histidine synthesis was detected. The concentration of the amino acids per kg dry matter digesta was similar for the individual amino acids. Crude bacterial protein productions was relatively low (80 to 113 g bacterial crude protein per kg digestible organic matter), but correlated with ration composition.

Amino Acids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Hemolytic anemia and the digestive system].

Haemolytic anemias are less frequently encountered in gastro-enterology than hyposideremic hypochrome anemias, or megaloblastic anemias. In our country, migrant's pathology has become increasingly important and congenital haemolytic anemias are part of this pathology. These and their main digestive complications require an early diagnosis, which is the best sign of an effective treatment. A severe haemolytic anemia occurring during a chronic liver disease often represents an evolutive turning point.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Non-neoplastic sequels of cigarette smoking in the digestive system].

The paper provides an up-to-date report on the effects of cigarette smoking on the secretory, motor, and transport functions of the gastrointestinal tract in humans. Pathophysiological linkage between the deleterious impact of cigarette smoking on the gastrointestinal tract and several digestive tract diseases is pointed out. Evidence for a decisive role of nicotine in cigarette smoking evoked distortions of gastrointestinal tract functioning is provided.

Gastrointestinal Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Combination of cancer markers in the detection and prognosis of digestive system tumors].

The role of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma GT), phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), pseudouridine (PSD) and acute phase reactant proteins (C-reactive protein (C-RP], alpha 1-acid glycoprotein (alpha 1-AGP) and alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (alpha 1-ACT) in distinguishing benign from malignant conditions of the digestive tract and their value in assessing the prognosis of gastrointestinal neoplasms was evaluated. For each marker it has been possible to produce a simple scoring index derived from the values found in the control population. This work suggests that pre-operative levels of certain cancer markers may be useful in tumor detection and may also give prognostic information additional to pathological staging.

Acute-Phase Proteins↗
PubMed1976

Spontaneous tumors and common diseases in two colonies of Syrian hamsters. II. Respiratory tract and digestive system.

Spontaneous respiratory tract neoplasms in Syrian hamsters occurred in almost equal frequencies in two colonies: 3% in the Eppley Colony (EC) and 3.6% in the Hannover Colony (HC). Neoplasms were in the nasal cavity, trachea, and lungs, and most were benign; however, 2 adenocarcinomas of the nasal cavity (EC) and 1 adenocarcinoma of the larynx (HC) were found. The incidence of digestive tract tumors showed a more marked difference than that of the respiratory tract: 7% in the EC and 23% in the HC. Digestive tract tumors accounted for 15 and 41% of all tumors in the EC and HC, respectively. All EC digestive tract neoplasms were benign and occurred mostly in males; 19 (83%) were forestomach papillomas and the remaining 4 )17%) were liver hemangioendotheliomas (2) and pancreatic duct adenomas (2). In the HC, almost 50% of the digestive tract neoplasms were malignant and most frequent in females. These tumours include 19(42%) intestinal adenocarcinomas, 18(40%) liver neoplasms (hemangioendotheliomas, cholangiomas, cholangiocarcinomas), 5 (13%) forestomach papillomas, and 2 (4%) gallbladder polyps. The morphology of these neoplasms was reported.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1997

[Pharmacological effect of cortex Magnoliae officinalis on digestion system].

Experiments have shown that the ethanol extract of Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis 5 g/kg, 15 g/kg may significantly inhibit HCl-induced gastric ulcer in mice as well as Cassia angustifolia Leaf-induced experimental diarrhea in mice. 3 g/kg and 10 g/kg have a marked choleretic effect on rats. These results show that Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis helps improve the condition of digestion.

Animals↗
PubMed1969

The influence of the mode of nutrition on the digestive system of Ochromonas malhamensis.

The intracellular distribution and level of acid hydrolases in Ochromonas malhamensis were studied in cells grown osmotrophically in a defined medium, in a carbon-free starvation medium, and during phagotrophy in each of these media. By cytochemical techniques, little enzymic reaction product was observed in the vacuoles of osmotrophic cells grown in the defined medium. Starved cells, however, contained autophagic vacuoles and cannibalized other Ochromonas cells. Dense enzymic reaction product was observed in the digestive vacuoles and in the Golgi cisternae of these starved cells. Moreover, starved cells and cells grown in a nutritionally complete medium ingested Escherichia coli which appeared in digestive vacuoles containing enzymic reaction product. Biochemical assays for lysosomal acid phosphatase (E.C. 3.1.3.2 orthophosphoric monoester phosphohydrolase) and acid ribonuclease (E.C. 2.7.7.16 ribonucleate nucleotido-2'-transferase) were done on Ochromonas cultures in the same experimental treatments and under identical assay conditions as the cytochemical study. During starvation, the acid hydrolase specific activities were consistently twice those found in cells grown in an osmotrophic complete medium. Ochromonas fed E. coli showed no increase in acid hydrolase specific activity as compared to controls not fed E. coli. The latency of lysosomal acid hydrolases in cells fixed with glutaraldehyde was reduced, suggesting that this fixative increases lysosomal membrane permeability and may release enzymes or their reaction products into the cytoplasmic matrix during cytochemical analysis. This could explain the cytoplasmic staining artifact sometimes observed with glutaraldehyde-fixed cells when studied by the Gomori technique. This study confirms that Ochromonas malhamensis, a phytoflagellate, does produce digestive vacuoles and can ingest bacteria, thereby fulfilling its role as a heterotroph in an aquatic food chain. When Ochromonas is grown in a nutritionally complete osmotrophic medium, phagocytosis causes appearance of acid hydrolases in the digestive vacuoles, whereas the total activity of the enzymes remains unchanged. An organic carbon-free medium strongly stimulates acid hydrolaes activity and causes these enzymes to appear in the digestive vacuoles whether phagocytosis occurs or not.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the digestive system. General epidemiology and epidemiological data concerning 100 Lebanese cases seen between 1965 and 1991].

It is classical to separate gastro-intestinal non Hodgkin lymphomas into two epidemiological profiles: an "occidental" type frequently encountered in West countries (Europe and USA) and an "occidental" type which is dominant in the Middle East regions and is distinguished from the occidental type by the following features: the younger age of patients, the rarity of gastric involvement compared to the small intestinal involvement, the prevalence of Immuno Proliferative Small Intestinal Disease within the small intestinal non Hodgkin lymphomas. An epidemiological study was done on 100 cases of digestive non Hodgkin lymphomas seen in Lebanon between 1965 and 1991 in hospitals affiliated with Saint-Joseph University. The statistical analysis of our study leads to several conclusions: the ISPID is disappearing in Lebanon during the last twenty-five years; the site of gastrointestinal involvement is changing with time, the small intestinal involvement becoming more rare and the gastric involvement more frequent. So during this twenty-five years period, there was an occidentalization of the epidemiological profile. This varying pattern with time in the epidemiology of gastrointestinal non Hodgkin lymphomas could be due to changing in the environmental factors like the intestinal bacterial and parasitological infestation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Food conversion in the digestive system of juvenile bulls. 3. Rumen liquor investigations].

Two bulls with a permanent rumen fistula and a re-entrant cannula at the duodenum were fed various concentrates and straw (dry matter ration composition: 60% concentrate, 40% straw). Negative correlations were found between the pH value and total fatty acid concentration (r = -0.70). The animals were given the straw one hour before the concentrate. The pH value increased to not more than 7.3 one hour after they had received the straw. It did not drop below 6.4 after the concentrate with any of the rations. The addition of dried sugar beet pulp to the rations leads to a higher mean acetate concentration than the other rations and causes an unvarying high total fatty acid concentration.

Animal Feed↗