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PubMedDate not supplied

[Determining direction in cases of bodies run over by automobile wheels].

Investigation of injuries sustained by 110 pedestrians during fatal traffic accident and observed in 8 biomannequins during experimental overrun by car wheels resulted in detection of morphological features indicating overrun direction and posture of a victim. It was stated that in case of multiple trauma the areas of wheel rolling and primary force application in collision with a car are located at opposite sides.

Abdominal Injuries↗
PubMed1989

[Testing the automobile driver in cases of uncertain qualification prognosis].

The qualification of a person to drive a motor vehicle is the presupposition for the required permission. The prognosis on future human behaviour, which is indispensible for a judgement on such a qualification, is difficult. Only in a few of these cases a clear "good"-prognosis or "bad"-prognosis can be found out. Frequently only an "uncertain"-prognosis is to be justified as a matter of fact. It is only to be said by the regulations of law, whether in cases of uncertain qualification prognosis the driver's licence should be given or denied or whether a driver's licence already given should be withdrawn or not. Starting points for theory and dogmatics on prognosis-decisions due to law and orientated in the knowledge of empiric sciences are to be found in administrative law as well as in criminal law. For example: penal regulations which call for prognosis should be interpreted in the manner that as a sanction (only to be imposed in cases of "bad"-prognosis) the milder measure is to be used at first. Only after an unsuccessful attempt with this milder measure it is allowed to take a more incisive measure (Frisch). In planning law the dilemma with prognosis should be overcome by reflexive feedback within the scope of a new type of procedural law, which would make a process of learning and evaluation possible and enforcable. From these starting points common legal principles on a "test-method" can be developed, which may be used in cases of "uncertain"-prognosis. Such a test-method may help for example to decide on execution relaxations due to the Law on Execution of the Sentence (OLG Celle). The decree on driver's licences on probation (valid since 1.11.1986) contains the most extensive regulations concerning the application of test-methods within driver's licences law. The solution of the problem shown there should be extended: Not only the first driver's licence should only be given on probation but also a renewed one. Even motorists coming conspicuous after the lapse of probation-time should be induced to behave appropriately in traffic by a test-method, which does not force qualification prognosis. So far a further development of point-system for repeated offenders is to be recommended. The test-method could be made quite more effective by refinement of the list of measures (e. g. injunction to participate in follow-up assistance or follow-up examination).

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Tears in the clothing after being run over by an automobile wheel].

Clothes taken from 120 bodies of victims in case of death due to car wheel overrunning were examined and in 10 cases shred-shaped tissue ruptures in the form of an angle were detected. They proved to appear in case of oblique direction in overrunning and the angle of a shred turned back was directed to the side of wheel rotatory movements, i.e. contrary to wheel translational movement.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Attitudes to automobile ownership and feelings of insecurity of the elderly in traffic].

The results of a trend analysis concerning the traffic involvement of older people between 1975 and 1984 demonstrate that this group shows very positive attitudes towards motor-car ownership, with regard to the instrumental functions of motor-cars as well as to their non-instrumental values. However, attitudes toward motor-cars vary considerably within this population. The heterogeneity of the group of older people is also demonstrated with regard to their feelings of anxiety in traffic situations. The accumulation of some negative individual and collective variables results in increasing anxiety and immobility. As the results show, these feelings of anxiety are gradually increasing since 1975.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1987

[Effect of the serum of workers directly engaged in an automobile factory in Tychy on the transformation of lymphocytes in healthy persons].

The effects of serum collected from 20 workers involved directly in manufacturing processes upon lymphocytes blastic transformation in healthy subjects have been tested. The controls included: spontaneous blastic transformation of lymphocytes found in healthy subjects (15) and lymphocytes blastic transformation in healthy subjects in the presence of serum from other healthy subjects (13). The tests have demonstrated that the serum of the Motor Car Factory workers statistically significantly stimulated lymphocytes blastic transformation, unlike the serum of healthy subjects.

Automobiles↗
PubMed1986

[Fitness for automobile driving of patients at an epilepsy outpatient care unit].

Patients who were free from seizures and not in possession of a driving license were examined for reasons for their being considered unfit to drive at an outpatient care centre for epileptics catering for 477 patients. The composition of the group was analyzed in respect of age, sex, intake of pharmaceuticals, risk factors and appropriateness of behaviour in traffic. Corresponding conclusions are drawn.

Ambulatory Care↗