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PubMed1976

Excretion urography in the investigation of prostatism.

The excretion urogram and urodynamic studies of 201 patients presenting with prostatism were reviewed. The urographic features of trabeculation and diverticula were found to be associated with bladder instability as shown on inflow cystometry but not to be associated with outflow obstruction as shown by the pressure-flow analysis of micturition. The bladder shadow on the preliminary film and the bladder size on the post-evacuation film were associated with the measured residual urine and with outflow obstruction. The basal prostatic filling defect was also associated with outflow obstruction.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Clinical significance of minimal changes on intravenous urography after spinal cord injury.

Evidence is given to support the thesis that minimal pyelocaliectasis and ureterectasis are of little clinical significance in spinal cord injured patients. Such renal changes almost always improve or remain stable on sequential examinations. Since moderate or severe pyelocaliectasis is usually detected by renal scintillation procedures, these findings support its use as a urinary tract screening examination along with an abdominal radiograph to detect calculi. The need for long-term serial examination of the urinary tract in spinal cord injury is emphasised.

Dilatation, Pathologic↗
PubMed1981

Comparison of the excretion of sodium and meglumine diatrizoate at urography with simulated compression: an experimental study in the rat.

In the experimental model in the rabbit the excretion of sodium and meglumine diatrizoate, respectively, have been compared. Urographic density which was estimated through renal pelvic volume as calculated according to previous experiments (Owman 1978; Owman & Olin 1980) and urinary iodine concentration, is suggested to be more accurate than mere determination of urine iodine concentration and diuresis when evaluating and comparing urographic contrast media experimentally. More reliable dose optima are probably found when calculating density rather than determining urine concentrations. Of the examined media in this investigation, the sodium salt of diatrizoate was not superior to the meglumine salt in dose ranges up to 320 mg I/kg body weight, while at higher doses sodium diatrizoate gave higher urinary iodine concentrations and higher estimated density.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Excretory urography by intraosseous injection of contrast media in a rabbit model.

There are many indications for an intravenous excretory urogram. However, where intravenous access is not available, the intraosseous route to the circulation may be an alternative. We found that safe and diagnostic excretory urograms could be obtained in rabbits following the injection of different contrast media via the intraosseous route. In fact, these excretory urograms were indistinguishable from ones obtained by the conventional intravenous route. While the rabbits did not develop any abnormal clinical signs following the procedure, there were postmortem histologic lesions of osteochondrosis in 5 of 22 (22.7%) tibias receiving an intraosseous needle, but in none of the 14 tibias that did not receive an intraosseous needle. Further, the use of diatrizoate was associated with the development of osteochondrosis while the use of iopamidol was not.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the ureter and ureterovesicular junction using helical computed tomographic excretory urography in healthy dogs.

Abdominal computed tomography (CT) using a protocol designed for evaluation of the ureters was performed on six normal purpose-bred research dogs. After noncontrast CT, a postcontrast scan was performed 3 min post midpoint of injection of 400 mgI/kg body weight of diatrizoate meglumine/sodium. Ureteral and ureterovesicular junction anatomy were readily assessed with minimal patient preparation. The ureters were similar in size to reported values and the renal pelvis, ureter, and ureterovesicular junction were easily identified on both noncontrast and contrast-enhanced scans. There was a significant relationship between bladder volume and interureterovesicular junction distance but not between bladder volume and ureterovesicular junction to internal urethral orifice distance. A reliable bony landmark for the identification of the internal urethral orifice could not be determined. The results of this preliminary study of normal anatomy should facilitate the clinical use of CT in the evaluation of ureteral disease (e.g., ureteral ectopia).

Animals↗