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PubMed2003

Prevalence and handedness correlates of traumatic injuries to the permanent incisors in 13-17-year-old adolescents in Erzurum, Turkey.

The objectives of the present study were to explore the relationship between dental trauma and handedness, and to assess the prevalence of traumatic injuries to the permanent incisors of 13-17-year-old patients, seeking treatment for various dental conditions in Erzurum, Turkey. A questionnaire focusing on handedness was administered to these patients. Handedness was assessed by the Edinburgh Handedness Inventory (Oldfield, 1971). Hand preference was divided into two classes for convenience in data analysis: (i) right-handers (GSc from 80 to 100); and (ii) left-handers (GSc from -80 to -100). This study included the 13-17-year-old group patients who had GSc as described above. Thus, the present study was carried out on 2180 (1252 male and 928 female, with a mean age of 14.9 years) out of 2392 patients. The clinical examinations and radiographic assessments were performed in full-designed dental chairs. Preliminary analysis showed no differences in rates of handedness with respect to sex and age. Overall, 10.4% of the patients were left-handers. A total of 292 (13.4%) of 2180 patients examined had one or more traumatized permanent incisors. The proportion of dental trauma was significantly higher in males than in females, 17.41% in males as compared to 7.97% in females; and ratio of the affected males to females was about 2.18. Sex difference in the prevalence of traumatized permanent incisors was statistically significant (P < 0.001). That is, males had a significantly higher risk of dental trauma than females (P < 0.001; odds ratio: 2.49; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.88, 3.23). There was a higher level of traumatized permanent incisors among left-handers than among right-handers. 28.3% of left-handers and 11.7% of right-handers had dental trauma. This difference in the prevalence of traumatized permanent incisors for handedness was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Indeed, left-handers had a significantly higher risk on dental trauma than right-handers (P < 0.001; odds ratio: 3.09; 95% CI 2.23, 4.29). The primary causative factor in the occurrence of trauma was the fall (27.7%). Then came violence and fight as the second most frequent cause of trauma (24%), followed by sports injury (18.8%). Trauma resulting from collisions and traffic accidents were accounted as 13.7 and 11.3% of all cases, respectively. The other causes were 4.5%. In conclusion, the present study suggests that left-handed adolescents have more frequent permanent incisor tooth trauma than right-handed adolescents. Left-handedness, therefore, appears to be a risk factor for trauma in 13-17-year-old adolescents.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Etiological factors related to dental injuries in Norwegians aged 7-18 years.

Prevention of diseases and injuries is a field of priority for the health authorities in Norway. In 1990, an interdepartmental project was established in order to reduce the number of accidents, including dental injuries. The purpose of the present study was to examine the causes of dental injuries, the place of event and the possibilities for prevention. During a 1-year period, all new trauma episodes affecting children aged 7-18 years were registered by calibrated dentists in the public dental health service in the county of Nord-Trøndelag and in the capital city of Oslo. A distinction was made between school and leisure time accidents. The severity of injuries was classified as mild, moderate or severe, and the dentists were asked tojudge whether the severe injuries were preventable. Nearly half of the 1275 injured individuals (48%) were injured at school. Almost half of the leisure time injuries occurred during children's play. Sports and traffic accidents were less common. Sports accidents represented only 8% of the total number of injuries, the same as the number of individuals injured by violence. Statistically significant associations were observed between the cause of injury and county (P < 0.001) and the cause of injury and age group (P < 0.001). In total, 4% of all injuries were classified as severe, of which only one-third were assumed to be preventable. In summary, because of the complexity of etiological factors, it is neither easy to prevent dental injuries nor to make guidelines on prevention.

Accidents↗
PubMed1998

Knowledge and attitudes among California dental care providers regarding child abuse and neglect.

The authors surveyed California dentists about their knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding child abuse and neglect. Only 16 percent of the respondents claimed to have seen or suspected a case of child abuse or neglect during the preceding five years, and only 6 percent claimed to have reported such a case. The authors also found that the respondents had little knowledge of California law regarding the reporting of such cases and little information or training in diagnosing and reporting suspected child abuse and neglect.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed2001

Oral health issues for women athletes.

More women are participating in sports at all levels. This article presents information for dental professionals to enhance awareness of emerging issues in women's oral health, with specific emphasis on female athletes. These issues include the prevalence, prediction, and prevention of sports-related traumatic orofacial injuries as well as fads and habits such as tongue piercing, smokeless tobacco, eating disorders, and performance-enhancing drugs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Oral complications associated with endotracheal general anesthesia.

A series of 745 consecutive cases of endotracheal anesthesia were collected at the National Taiwan University Hospital. Evaluation of the oral conditions was performed before, during and after the anesthesia. Injuries to oral structures were recorded. An 18% incidence of oral injuries was noted and the frequency for dental damage was 12.1%. Maxillary incisors, especially the left ones, were accident-prone. Risk factors identified in this study included large decay or restoration, advanced periodontitis, presence of dental prosthesis, shedding deciduous tooth, class II jaw relationship and anterior crowding. More than one third of the complications occurred during the maintenance or emergence stage of the anesthesia. Recommendations for prevention and management of this problem were given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

The state dental nurse's role in the management of dental injuries.

Dental nurses are frequently called upon to assist when injuries to the teeth occur in children, particularly when these injuries occur when the child is at school. Procedures for referral are well established, and include advising parents to make an appointment with the family dentist. If there is no family dentist, a list of contracting dentists in the Dental Benefit Scheme is provided. No referrals are made to particular dentists. Acknowledgment of what care was provided is always appreciated by the nurse. Dental nurses have an important role in the prevention of dental injuries through health education programmes directed at parents' groups and in the classroom.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Effect of impact and injury characteristics on post-motor vehicle accident temporomandibular disorders.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the potential effects of motor vehicle accident impact and injury characteristics on post-motor vehicle accident temporomandibular disorders in terms of presenting signs and symptoms, diagnoses, treatment regimens, and outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective chart review of 50 patients with post-motor vehicle accident temporomandibular disorders from a private oral medicine practice was undertaken. Various demographic data and data related to temporomandibular disorders and motor vehicle accident impact and injury characteristics were collected. Chi-square and Fisher exact tests and multiple regression analyses were performed. RESULTS: Patients involved in front-end collisions or motor vehicle accidents resulting in severe vehicle damage reported more direct orofacial injury. However, those in rear-end collisions or accidents resulting in minimal vehicle damage required more treatment. Direct head or orofacial injury was therefore not a prognostic indicator. From multiple regression analyses, indicators of a poorer prognosis were minimal vehicle damage, lack of headrest use, driver position, and settlement of insurance claim. CONCLUSIONS: In this patients group several prognostic indicators for patients with post-motor vehicle accident temporomandibular disorders were identified; these indicators may influence the management approach for this patient population.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1996

Dental pulp response to traumatic injuries--a retrospective analysis with case reports.

The reactions of the dental pulp to traumatic injuries can be extremely varied. They range from almost immediate pulp death to long-term slow pulp canal calcification. In this study the pulpal reactions were divided into three types: pulps with a very poor prognosis that required endodontic therapy soon after the tooth was traumatized. Seventy-nine teeth were studied in this category, and all 79 teeth required endodontic therapy; pulps with a moderate prognosis that required endodontic intervention some 18 to 24 months after the traumatic episode. Forty-eight teeth were studied in this category, and 27 of them required endodontic therapy: pulps with a very good prognosis that rarely required endodontic therapy. Fifty-two teeth were studied in this category, and only 2 required endodontic therapy. The prognosis of a particular pulp depends on the degree and type of trauma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Prevention of sports-related traumatic dental injuries.

Many sports-related traumatic dental injuries are preventable with the use of appropriate, properly fitted athletic equipment such as helmets, facemasks, and mouthguards. This article presents information regarding the current generation of athletic mouthguards, and issues a challenge for the development of future independent scientific research that will transform current clinical empiricism into evidence based knowledge in sports dentistry.

Athletic Injuries↗
PubMed1998

Sport-related dental injury claims to the New Zealand Accident Rehabilitation & Compensation Insurance Corporation, 1993-1996: analysis of the 10 most common sports, excluding rugby union.

A large number of New Zealanders participate in sport, either formally or informally; sporting injuries are common. In New Zealand, the Accident Rehabilitation & Compensation Insurance Corporation (ACC) is the main organisation that covers sports-related dental claims. Rugby union claims are the most common. The ACC's national data from 1993 to 1996 relating to dental claims for sports injuries (excluding rugby union) were analysed. This study identified 45 other sports in which participants are also at risk for dental injuries. Total claims per sport for each year were determined, and the "top 10" sports for claims per year were identified and compared for any change over the years studied. The top 10 sports for 1993 and 1994 were, in descending order: swimming, rugby league, basketball, cricket, hockey, soccer, netball, squash, softball-baseball, and tennis. Data for 1995 and 1996 revealed a similar trend, except that touch rugby displaced tennis as the tenth-ranked sport. The most common age group for claims was the age group 10-19 years, with a male:female ratio of approximately 2:1. Many sports, in addition to rugby union, place their participants at risk of dental injury. Awareness of prevention of dental injuries should be more widely promoted for all sports.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

Dental and skull anomalies in feral coypu, Myocastor coypus.

The study of dental and skull abnormalities of wild animals can provide useful information for comparative studies. Although studies of captive and laboratory rodents have been published, there are few reports on wild populations. We examined anomalous and pathological conditions in the skulls of feral coypus, Myocastor coypus, from Aichi Prefecture, Japan, and identified the types of abnormality. Of the 203 coypu skulls of various ages examined, 19 specimens (9.4%) had abnormalities. A total of 23 anomalies were divisible into three categories: dental diseases, dental injuries and skull injuries. Seven specimens (3.4%) had evidence of periodontal disease in the cheek teeth, and one specimen (0.5%) had caries. Seven specimens (3.4%) had broken upper or lower incisors. Four specimens (2.0%) had injured cranial bones and three (1.4%) had fractures near the zygomatic arch. A single specimen (0.5%) had a deformed rostrum. No statistically significant differences between the genders were found in any category (chi2 test: P < 0.05). The incidence of dental disease appeared to be related to the biological characteristics of this species, i.e., long lifespan, herbivorous diet and molar crown morphology. By contrast, dental and skull injuries appeared to be due to trauma caused when farmers attacked feral coypus.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

Complications associated with segmentation of the maxilla: a retrospective radiographic follow up of 82 patients.

The aim of the present study was to retrospectively examine the clinical and radiographic incidence and frequency of injuries to teeth and their surrounding tissues adjacent to interdental osteotomies in conjunction with segmentation of the maxilla. Vertical interdental osteotomies have been performed in combination with Le Fort I osteotomy for correction of various dento-facial deformities. All our orthognathic patients are followed prospectively in a standardized manner. Eighty-two consecutive patients who underwent dento-facial correction by segmented maxillary osteotomy alone or in combination with simultaneous mandibular surgery between 1992 and 1998 were included in the study. They were followed for up to 30 months postoperatively. A total of 158 interdental osteotomies were performed, involving a total of 316 teeth. Only a small number of complications such as osteolytic processes, marginal bone destruction, root resorption or mechanical injuries to the teeth were seen.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Dentofacial characteristics associated with trauma to maxillary incisors in the mixed dentition.

The study investigated the dento-facial features of a group of 69 children with trauma to the maxillary central incisors in the mixed dentition compared to a control group of 100 children, in order to identify possible "anatomical" factors predisposing to this type of dental trauma. The group with dental trauma showed excessive proclination of upper incisors to the palatal plane (p < 0.001) and increased lower facial height (p < 0.001) as major characteristics associated to dental trauma. The role of early orthodontic treatment in the attenuation of these factors predisposing to traumatic injuries to frontal teeth is stressed.

Adolescent↗