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PubMed1989

[The use of the Swedish scale in the selection of nursing students at the Rand African University].

Students applying to follow the B. Cur. degree at the Rand Afrikaans University are subjected to a selection process. In spite of the selection process the drop-out rate is high. An attempt is being made to evaluate the present academic selection process. The amended Smeltzer method is used as a point of departure to correlate with the model proposed by the University administration. The academic predictions are implemented on the Swedish formula and a cut-off point is obtained according to a sliding scale proposed for academic selection. With the abovementioned two methods it appears that the selected population has the most successful academic results if the cut-off point of the amended Smeltzer method and the Swedish formula is 60 and 15 respectively.

Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate↗
PubMed1989

Effect of mid-day meal programme on physical growth & mental function.

The effect of food supplementation in rural primary school children was studied on physical growth and mental functions. Children (146) received 450-500 calories with 10-12 g of protein for an average of 172 days a year, for 2 yr (1984-1986). Height was found not to differ significantly in the supplemented group as compared to controls. However, there was marginally better weight gain. More children in the supplemented group remained in grade I in contrast to the controls who shifted to grade II nutritional status after 2 yr. Children receiving the supplementation showed marginal increment in full scale, verbal and performance IQ. The improvement was significant for all subtests except for comprehension and maze tests. The observations on unstructured Piagetian developmental tasks also indicated that the performance of children on task conservation of liquid was improved marginally after supplementation. However, on Bender Gestalt test, no change was observed. The scores on arithmetic achievement test showed improvement of 12-14 points in the supplementation group. It appears that nutrition supplementation is beneficial for better school attendance, and reduction in the drop out rate; it also improves intelligence and cognitive function to a marginal extent. However, as this age group falls in the slow growth period, no catch up was observed in physical growth.

Body Weight↗
PubMed1988

Aspects of health education: a neglected area.

Much of human suffering is attributable to preventable causes. The area of family health is particularly important in this respect. Ignorance of simple facts relating to one's structure and development, unquestioning acceptance of tradition, belief in misconcepts, and indiscreet yielding to peer and social pressures are often causative of such suffering, particularly among young people. At present, the situation does not appear to be remedied by the influence of school teachers; and, even less by parents. This is the case for a sound programme of Family Life Education (FLE) in schools, for the implementation of which 'gatekeeper' co-operation, curriculum development and teacher training are paramount. A school's FLE programme by itself will not respond to the needs of all young people; for, in the developing world in particular, the rate of drop-out from the formal school education stream is high. These drop-outs cannot often be reached through the usual employment channels. It is therefore necessary to identify means of reaching them in an effective manner. Mass media and traditional educational material are unlikely to fulfill this need. Therefore, special print material has to be developed. For this purpose, well-focussed objectives have to be drawn up, and instructional content has to be compiled. Presentation methodologies have to be evolved in an innovative manner. These need necessarily be locality-specific, based on the findings of behavioural and sociological studies conducted on and around specific target populations.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Casualties of residency training: a national study of loss and attrition.

Little information is available on the number of physicians in training who leave their residency or otherwise drop out of the profession during these years. We report on a recently completed (1987) national survey of residency program directors documenting the number of people who withdraw or are dismissed from residency and their reasons for leaving.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed1988

The limitations of traditional variables in predicting the progress of nontraditional students.

The traditional preadmissions variables of GPA's, MCAT scores and recommendation decisions of a group of nontraditional medical students who enrolled from 1978-1983 were examined to determine 1) the degree to which a classification model derived from the variables to predict whether they would graduate on schedule, graduate off schedule or not graduate would be applicable to a second group of nontraditional students who enrolled from 1984-1987, and 2) which variables would predict whether the students would graduate on schedule, graduate off schedule or not graduate. The discriminant model correctly classified only 33 percent of the students in the second group; the MCAT Reading score, the only significant predictive variable, accounted for 26 percent of the variance in the progress of the students in the first group.

Education, Medical, Undergraduate↗