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PubMed1996

Immunocytochemistry of mucosal changes in patients infected with the intestinal nematode Strongyloides stercoralis.

AIM: To investigate the immunopathological changes in duodenal tissues induced by strongyloidiasis and to relate these to degrees of clinical severity. METHODS: Tissues taken from 21 patients showing mild, moderate or severe symptoms of strongyloidiasis, and from non-infected controls, were sectioned and stained immunocytochemically for IgA, secretory component (SC) and HLA-DR. Immunopathology was assessed by changes in numbers, intensity and distribution of stained cells. RESULTS: Parasitised individuals showed villous atrophy and crypt hyperplasia. There was notable infiltration of the lamina propria by IgA positive plasma cells and of the epithelium by intraepithelial lymphocytes. Infection was also associated with increased expression of SC and decreased expression of HLA-DR in epithelial cells. Changes in all parameters correlated with degree of clinical severity. CONCLUSIONS: Profound mucosal changes are induced by strongyloidiasis. Some are analogous to those seen in coeliac disease, but others seem quite unusual. It is likely that these changes are functionally related to the immunopathophysiological consequences of infection seen in patients with severe disease.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Pulmonary microcalcifications associated with Strongyloides stercoralis infection.

Diffuse alveolar deposits of calcium phosphate have been identified in the lungs of two prednisolone-treated beagles with chronic S stercoralis infection. Such lesions have not previously been described in dogs and have not been found in humans in association with either strongyloidiasis or prolonged steroid therapy. S stercoralis infections in the industrialized world are frequently found in patients on maintenance regimens of corticosteroids. We suggest that the possibility that pulmonary calcifications represent an unsuspected complication in these patients should be investigated.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Phospholipase B in nonsensitized and sensitized rats after challenge with Strongyloides ratti.

Rats given one infection showed a pronounced elevation of phospholipase B in the proximal half of the small intestine by the end of the 1st week, with a gradual decline to values within the range for uninfected controls by the 4th week. The distal half showed a more prolonged elevation, with a decline to the control range by the 5th week. Eosinophils (carriers of the enzyme) in the bone marrow were increased at days 5--21. At termination of the experiment on day 35, the marrow and combined gut activities had declined to normal levels. In the second experiment, rats infected once showed similar B activity in the gut and eosinophil production in the bone marrow to those noted in rats of the first experiment. However, rats challenged 37 days after the first infection showed earlier but less sustained B and eosinophil responses. This anamnestic-like response was also noted in the lungs, where the B activity was more pronounced and sustained than was evident in the once-infected rats. This association between marrow eosinopoiesis and B elevations is similar to that reported from studies with other parasite models, suggesting a common host response to tissue helminths worthy of study to determine its relation to the welfare of the host and/or detriment to the parasites.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Strongyloides infection and meningitis in an immunocompromised host.

Strongyloidiasis and aseptic meningitis occurred in a renal transplant recipient who was receiving immunosuppressive drugs. Cure followed therapy with antibiotic administration for 3 days combined with oral thiabendazole, suggesting parasitic infection as the most likely cause of meningitis. Awareness of this disease and need for prompt institution of therapy is stressed. Prophylactic administration of thiabendazole is probably preventive.

Adult↗