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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Retinal vein occlusion. III. Initial experience with therapy of retinal vein occlusion with an argon laser].

The authors report the results of laser treatment in 11 patients with chronic oedema of the macula and 6 patients with neovascularizations of the retina and disk of the optic nerve in occlusion of a branch of the retinal vein. In the treatment of chronic oedema of the macula they used their own modification of quadrant barrage suggested by L'Esperance and grid photocoagulation. After a mean follow up period of 3.2 years they achieved a resulting vision of 6/12 or better in 9 of 11 patients, i.e. in 82%, the poorest results were 6/18 in two patients of 11, i.e. in 18%. In the treatment of neovascularizations they used the method of sector photocoagulation. In all six patients, i.e. in 100% they observed regression of neovascularizations. During 2.5-3 years after photocoagulation they did not observe a relapse of neovascularization or haemorrhage into the vitreous body. The results of photocoagulation treatment in chronic oedema of the macula and treatment of neovascularization are of a long-term character.

Fluorescein Angiography↗
PubMed1991

[Changes in retinal electrical response due to different size of experimental retinal detachment].

To investigate the influence of the size of detachment to function of the detached retina, transretinal ERG (TR-ERG) was recorded from experimentally detached retina. Retinal detachment 4 or 8 mm in diameter was made by injecting sodium hyaluronate in the subretinal space. The TR-ERG was recorded for two hours from the detached retina by a double barreled microelectrode of which a longer tip entered into the subretinal space of the detached retina while a shorter one remained in the vitreous. Vitreal ERG (VERG) was simultaneously recorded between the shorter electrode and a scleral electrode. The b-wave amplitude of the TR-ERG recorded from the retina with 4 mm detachment decreased two hours after detachment, whereas the b-wave recorded from the retina with 8 mm detachment remarkably decreased 30 min after detachment and was stable up to two hours. There were no significant differences in amplitudes of VERG b-waves between 4 and 8 mm detachments during the experimental course. Less extensively detached retina maintained its function to a greater degree than the largely detached retina. The volume of the subretinal space may influence the viability of the detached retina by changing the concentration of nutrients.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Immunohistologic study of the epiretinal membranes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy and retinal detachment with vitreo-retinal proliferation].

An immunohistological study was performed in specimens of epiretinal membranes obtained during surgery in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy or retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy. Using immunostaining procedures, these membranes were found to contain great amounts of immunoglobulins and complement, as well as a strong expression of class II antigens. These results confirm the involvement of auto-immune phenomena in intra-ocular proliferative diseases and the close relationship between the immune system and peptide growth factors.

Cell Division↗
PubMed1978

Localization of lysosomal enzymes in retinal pigment epithelium of rats with inherited retinal dystrophy.

Four acid hydrolase activities are demonstrable by light microscopy in pigment epithelial cell lysosomes of rats (Royal College of Surgeons--RCS) with inherited retinal dystrophy and in control (Fischer) rats. The enzymes include acid phosphatase, aryl sulfatase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, and esterase activities. No marked differences are observed in distribution or staining intensity of lysosomes in the two strains of rat. Acid hydrolase activities are not localized in sites other than lysosomes. Acid phosphatase and aryl sulfatase activities are also demonstrable by electron microscopy. In both strains, acid phosphatase reaction product is localized to various forms of lysosomes in pigment epithelial cells. A diffuse precipitate, considered to be nonspecific in origin, is seen in the cytoplasm, apical processes, outer segments (control), and outer segment debris (RCS). The precipitate is probably due to adsorption of lead from the incubation medium or of lead phosphate that diffuses from heavy accumulations in nearby lysosomes. Aryl sulfatase reaction product, in contrast to acid phosphatase, is localized to far fewer lysosomes and there is virtually no nonspecific precipitate. The findings indicate that lysosomes of RCS pigment epithelial cells possess several cytochemically demonstrable acid hydrolase activities. There is no evidence for the localization of acid phosphatase (or aryl sulfatase) activities in sites other than lysosomes.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1994

Light-induced changes in S-antigen (arrestin) localization in retinal photoreceptors: differences between rods and cones and defective process in RCS rat retinal dystrophy.

The subcellular localization of S-antigen (arrestin), a protein regulating phototransduction in retinal rods, was studied by immunocytochemistry using monoclonal antibodies on sections of Swiss mouse, Lewis, Brown Norway (BN), Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rdy-p+ (dystrophic) and RCS rdy(+)-p (non-dystrophic) rat retinas. In normal retinas, the topography of S-antigen immunoreactivity in photoreceptor cells varied according to the lighting environment of the animals. In dark-adapted eyes, outer segments did not display any S-antigen immunoreactivity while the inner segments, cell bodies and synaptic terminals were strongly labeled. A few minutes after light exposure, there was an inversion of the pattern of labeling: the label increased in the outer segment but was strongly reduced in the other compartments. After 1 h of light, S-antigen immunoreactivity remained only in outer segments and in a few synaptic terminals. We show that the kinetics of this change is slower in cone than in rod cells, and thus allows the transient visualization of the scarce cone photoreceptors. On the 17th day after birth, photoreceptor cells are well differentiated in all rat strains, including RCS rdy-p+ rats. At this time, the S-antigen shift phenomenon occurred in the non-dystrophic strains, but was not observed in rdy-p+ rats: after light exposure, the intracellular distribution of S-antigen remained the same as in the dark. We suggest that an abnormality in the mechanisms of intracellular protein transport could be a characteristic of this genetic disease.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1994

[Management of retinitis pigmentosa. 8 patients treated for retinitis pigmentosa/Usher syndrome in Cuba].

Full ocular clinical examination including fundus photography, dark adaptation (but not ERG) was performed on six patients with retinitis pigmentosa and on two patients with Usher syndrome before and six months after being treated for three weeks in Cuba. Four men and four women (20 to 44 years) had surgery on both eyes, in addition to ozonotherapy, electric stimulation and oral/parenteral medication. The patients did not know what surgical procedures had been used. The medication continued several months after returning home. No gain in visual function was recorded. One patient had diplopia after treatment and needed surgery. Three patients experienced annoying side effects in visual function after treatment, especially photophobia. One of these had an increase of fundus pigmentation in a localized area.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Isolation and characterization of a retinal antigen inducing experimental autoimmune uveo-retinitis].

A soluble antigen was extracted from the retinas of different mammals and purified by isoelectric focusing in a sucrose density gradient-ampholine column (LKB, Sweden). The isoelectic point of the molecule is about 5.5, its molecular weight about 55,000 and its electrophoretic mobility with reference to albumin 0.7. The S antigen is revealed by one precipitin line in immunodiffusion and immunoelectrophoresis with guinea pig immune sera against bovine or guinea pig retinas, and shows an identity reaction with S antigen from other species. The antigen, inoculated with complete Freund's adjuvant into the guinea pig foot pad, induces experimental uveo-retinitis.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Experimental autoimmune uveo-retinitis (EAU): cellular immunity and humoral antibodies in the induction of ocular lesions and tolerance to retinal antigens].

EAU is induced in guinea pigs by one inoculation into the foot-pad of a retinal extract in complete Freund's adjuvant. The evolution of the antibodies (complement fixation) is compared with the évolution of the disease (intensity evaluated by frequent ophthalmological examinations). The successful passive transfer of the disease by local injections of immune serum and the demonstration by immunofluorescence of immune complexes in the ocular tissues are arguments for the role of humoral antibodies in the induction of the disease. EAUmay be inhibited by repeated subcutaneous or intradermal injections of the antigen, either before or after the onset of the inflammation. These injections depress the delayed hypersensitivity and increase the titre of complement fixing and passive anaphylactic antibodies.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Retinitis pigmentosa in Spain. The Spanish Multicentric and Multidisciplinary Group for Research into Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Retinitis pigmentosa is a term commonly given to a group of inherited and progressive disorders which affect the photoreceptors of the retina. As part of an ongoing research programme throughout Spain, clinical, epidemiological, and genetic studies have been carried out on these diseases. Here, we report the relative frequencies of the different genetic types in 503 non-syndromic and 89 syndromic RP families of Spanish origin. The most frequent syndromic RP forms were Usher syndrome type 1 (20/89 families = 30%) and Usher syndrome type 2 (44 families = 49%). Among non-syndromic RP forms, 12% were autosomal dominant, 39% autosomal recessive and 4% X-linked. Forty-one percent were isolated or simplex cases and in 4% the genetic type could not be established.

Female↗