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[Cardiac tamponade in a neonate with cardiac tumour].

A case of a neonate with a life-threatening cardiac tamponade due to cardiac tumour is presented. Pericardiocentesis was performed and 300 ml of purulent fluid was evacuated. Pericardial drainage was undertaken. Six months later cardiac tamponade recurred and was again successfully treated with pericardial drainage. A subsequent 10-month follow-up was uneventful. Diagnosis and treatment of cardiac tumours associated with pericardial effusion are discussed.

Cardiac Tamponade↗

Malignant mixed müllerian tumor of the ovary. Report of a case studied by immunohistochemistry.

A case of malignant mixed müllerian tumor of the ovary in a 57-year-old woman is reported along with the results of an immunohistochemical study. The tumor, measuring 16 x 10 x 9 cm, was composed predominantly of adenocarcinoma with a smaller amount of anaplastic carcinoma as an epithelial component and chondrosarcoma, liposarcoma, fibrosarcoma and rhabdomyoblasts as mesenchymal elements. Immunohistochemistry using paraffin sections demonstrated cytokeratin (CK) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), generally regarded as epithelial markers, not only in the epithelial component but also in chondrosarcoma cells. Vimentin and desmin, generally regarded as mesenchymal markers, were exhibited partly in carcinoma cells as well as in mesenchymal elements. Positive staining for S-100 protein was obtained not only in chondrosarcoma and liposarcoma cells, but also partly in adenocarcinoma cells. This intricate immunohistochemical picture reflected the histologic findings. It is noteworthy that both carcinoma cells and chondrosarcoma cells demonstrated simultaneous expression of CK, EMA, vimentin, desmin and S-100 protein. This somewhat unusual antigen expression by tumor cells may indicate a change in the nature of tumor cells due to microenvironmental factors.

Adenocarcinoma↗

[Cytology of various rare benign tumors of the breast].

The authors describe the cytological appearances of three rare benign mammary tumors (granular cell myoblastoma, sebaceous cyst and fibrous histiocytoma), and warn the clinician against over-optimism when presented with a benign cytologic diagnosis. In fact, the proportion of cases in which carcinoma is confused with a benign tumour varies from 3 to 5% according to statistics. They analyse the various causes responsible for the "false benign" diagnosis. The author's opinion is that one can only arrive at the cytological diagnosis of benignity as part of a group of investigations. Final diagnosis must depend upon a histological examination.

Breast Neoplasms↗

Two-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of intracardiac masses in infants and children.

We studied six infants and children with intracardiac masses of different causes. The diagnosis was made noninvasively using two-dimensional echocardiography in all six patients. In five patients, surgical excision of the mass was undertaken with good results. Two-dimensional echocardiography is an excellent noninvasive diagnostic tool that allows the clinician to determine the size and location of intracardiac masses in infants and children.

Child, Preschool↗