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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

[Effectiveness of a polyvalent corpuscular Pseudomonas aeruginosa vaccine, antibiotics and their combinations in experimental chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection].

The data on the development of the experimental model of P. aeruginosa chronic infection in mice, produced by their intraperitoneal inoculation with the infective agent, and on the study of the properties of this model are presented. The model has been used in the experimental study of the preventive action of P. aeruginosa polyvalent corpuscular vaccine. The comparative study, carried out with the use of the proposed model, has been made with a view to evaluating the effectiveness of different methods for the treatment of P. aeruginosa chronic septic infection by means of antibiotics (polymixin B and tobramycin), P. aeruginosa polyvalent corpuscular vaccine and their combination. The combined use of this vaccine with antibiotics (polymixin B or tobramycin) has proved to give the most pronounced curative effect with respect to P. aeruginosa chronic infection.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Ciprofloxacin for respiratory tract infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Thirty one patients were treated with oral ciprofloxacin for bronchitis with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Twenty eight patients had permanent and 14 transient risk factors. Nine patients had a hospital infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sixteen patients were cured, complete or partial, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa persisted or recurred in 19 patients. Patients with hospital infection did better than other patients. There was a significant decrease in in vitro susceptibility of persisting strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin and a tendency of recovery of susceptibility for the drug after treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Inflammatory markers in cystic fibrosis patients with lung Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Chronic endobronchial inflammation and bacterial infection are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in cystic fibrosis (CF), an autosomal recessive genetic disorder associated with improper function of chloride channels. Inflammation in CF lung is greatly amplified after Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. In this study the relationship between P. aeruginosa status and inflammatory markers has been investigated. Seventeen CF children in acute lung exacerbation were examined. CF patients without P. aeruginosa infection were characterized by elevated activity of sputum elastase, reduced response of peripheral blood lymphocytes to PHA and significant resistance to the antiproliferative action of glucocorticoids. These parameters were normalized after antibiotic treatment. The patients with prolonged P. aeruginosa infection demonstrated extremely high levels of elastase activity and elevated amounts of sputum IL-8 and TNF-alpha. Although antibiotic treatment resulted in clinical improvement, it failed to suppress excessive immune response in the lung. The data indicate that CF patients with prolonged P. aeruginosa need the modified treatment, which should include immunomodulating drugs and protease inhibitors as well as antibacterial therapy.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2000

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia associated with pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.

Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia is a rare disease characterized by the presence of granulation tissue within alveolar ducts and alveoli. Most cases are idiopathic, but it may also be seen during resolution of viral or bacterial pneumonia (mycoplasma, legionella and chlamydia). It may present as a community acquired pneumonia which does not respond to antibiotics, which make the diagnosis very difficult. We described a 53-year old patient who presented with Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia during the resolution of pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia. Initially there was slight improvement on antibiotics but later he became severely hypoxic and placed on mechanical ventilator. Diagnosis of Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia was obtained with bronchoscopic lung biopsy. He showed an excellent response to steroid treatment. To our knowledge this is the first case of Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia secondary to Pseudomonas aeruginosa pneumonia.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1989

Bone and joint infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa: clinical aspects and treatment.

The occurrence of nine cases of Pseudomonas septic arthritis and osteomyelitis within a 12-month period may be considered an uncommon experience even in a large, tertiary referral center. These cases are reported here and the various clinical patterns and therapeutic implications associated with Pseudomonas bone infections are discussed. Epidemiologic serotyping of the isolated strains indicated that they do not represent a single nosocomial outbreak.

Arthritis, Infectious↗
PubMed2000

Intrapulmonary concentrations of inflammatory cytokines in a mouse model of chronic respiratory infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

We investigated the role of inflammatory cytokines in a mouse model of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection mimicking diffuse panbronchiolitis (DPB), and determined the effects of clarithromycin therapy on the production of these cytokines. The concentrations of IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were measured serially in the lungs of mice with experimentally induced chronic respiratory P. aeruginosa infection until 60 days after inoculation. The concentrations of these cytokines during the course of the disease were significantly higher than baseline (before inoculation, P<0.01 for all cytokines). Clarithromycin significantly inhibited the production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha in the lung (P<0.01). The same treatment also reduced the levels of other cytokines, albeit insignificantly. Treatment with anti-TNF-alpha antibody significantly reduced the number of pulmonary lymphocytes and concentration of IL-1beta in the lung (P<0.01), but did not change the number of viable bacteria. Our findings resemble those detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of patients with DPB and indicate that inflammatory cytokines play an important role in chronic P. aeruginosa lung infection. Our results also show that macrolides modulated the production of these cytokines, ultimately reducing lymphocyte accumulation in the lung. Our data suggest that anti-TNF-alpha antibody might be a useful new strategy for the treatment of chronic respiratory P. aeruginosa infection.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Treatment of early Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in patients with cystic fibrosis.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: While Pseudomonas aeruginosa continues to be the major pathogen in cystic fibrosis lung disease, there is increasing evidence that antibiotic therapy initiated early after the onset of infection is an effective strategy to postpone chronic P. aeruginosa infection. There are also studies showing that early treatment can eradicate the organism in the majority of cases. RECENT FINDINGS: While comparative data for different treatment strategies are currently lacking, inhaled antibiotic therapy alone or in combination with ciprofloxacin has been shown to be efficacious. So far eradication of P. aeruginosa has not been associated with an increased risk of airway infection with other pathogens, but these studies have been performed in small cohorts. Additional information is also needed to clarify the optimal form and duration of therapy. Currently, there are two large studies ongoing to resolve some of these issues. SUMMARY: There is sufficient evidence that early antibiotic therapy against P. aeruginosa can clear the bacteria from the respiratory tract. While the negative effects of chronic P. aeruginosa infection are well documented, long-term benefits of this intervention on lung function is lacking. Observational studies suggest, however, that early intervention therapy is both beneficial and cost effective for cystic fibrosis patients.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed2001

[Development of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in mice with trichinellosis].

The aim of this study was to estimate the development of P. aeruginosa infection in mice infected with T. spiralis or T. pseudospiralis. The investigations were carried out on the following strains of mice: C57Bl, C3H and B6C3F1. 20 days post parasitic infection P.aeruginosa were administrated by inhalation or by intraperitoneal injection. After 4 hrs development of infection in mice was evaluated (the number of bacteria in lung or in the liver tissue were counted by plating). It was found that the bacterial infection developed with the highest rate in C3H mice followed by C57B1/6, in comparison with control mice. In C3H mice infected with T. pseudospiralis, the number of bacteria was higher in lung and liver tissue, in comparison with those infected with T. spiralis. In B6C3F1 hybrid the infection rate was significantly lower after intraperitoneal administration in T. spiralis infected mice. In our experiments, the development of P. aeruginosa infection in mice with trichinellosis was dependent on the strain of mice and the routes of bacteria administration.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Efficacy of human gamma-globulin preparation in experimental pseudomonas aeruginosa infections in mice and its mode of action.

The agglutinin titer of S-sulfonated human gamma-globulin (GGS, Venilon) against the formalinized cells of 20 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa distributed as follows: 1:128 to 1:512 in 6 strains, 1:32 to 1:64 in 13 strains and 1:16 in only 1 strain. GGS given passively protected mice against P. aeruginosa infection, however, the effect of GGS differed markedly among the strains used. The difference in the effect was in correlation with the agglutinin titer of GGS against the formalinized cells but not in correlation with that against the heat-killed cells, serotypes or elastase- or protease-producing abilities of P. aeruginosa. In the experiment with representative GGS-sensitive P. aeruginosa No. 97 and GGS-resistant P. aeruginosa No. 20, P. aeruginosa No. 97 was drastically killed by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) and macrophages in the presence of GGS, but P. aeruginosa No. 20 remained entirely unaffected. P. aeruginosa No. 97 preopsonized with GGS became more sensitive to phagocytic killing by PMNs and in vivo bactericidal activity than non-treated P. aeruginosa No. 97. Preopsonized P. aeruginosa No. 97 also markedly decreased its virulence in mice. Absorption of GGS with the formalinized P. aeruginosa No. 97 cells simultaneously reduced the agglutinating activity, protective capacity and in vivo bactericidal activity. These results indicate that the protective effect of GGS against pseudomonal infection in mice depended on an amount of specific antibody to heat-labile antigens of each P. aeruginosa used.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1983

Ceftazidime as a single agent in the treatment of severe Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections.

Ceftazidime was administered intravenously in doses of 1 to 6 g/day to 21 patients with serious Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections (12 pulmonary, 6 septicaemias, 3 urinary tract infections). Mean MIC was 1.0 mg/l. Eighteen (86%) of the 21 patients responded satisfactorily (cured or improved). The selection or emergence of resistant organisms during treatment (mostly Candida, Staphylococcus aureus, and enterococci) was noted in 6 patients. Toxicity was minimal (eosinophilia and reversible mild liver function abnormalities).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Experimental studies of the pathogenesis of infections due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Treatment with intravenous immune globulin.

Intravenous immune globulin was used to treat Pseudomonas aeruginosa infected, burned mice. Protection was dose-related and large amounts of intravenous immune globulin administered early in the infection process were necessary for full protection. Intravenous immune globulin is processed differently in unburned, burned, and burned, infected mice with significantly lower plasma levels in the burned, infected animals 36 hours after a standard dose is given. At 30 hours post-treatment, bacterial counts in the skin and liver tissue of untreated, burned, infected mice are significantly higher than in mice given a protective dose of intravenous immune globulin. Adsorption of intravenous immune globulin with heat-killed cells reduces its protective effects; adsorption with formalin-killed cells reduces its protective effects even more.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Increased IgG2 and IgG3 concentration is associated with advanced Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and poor pulmonary function in cystic fibrosis.

The concentrations of IgG subclass immunoglobulins were determined by radial immunodiffusion in serum from 126 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). The results were compared to values from age-matched healthy children and adults and correlated to patients age, duration of chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection and lung function parameters. Fifty-two percent of the patients had an elevated concentration of at least one of the IgG subclasses; IgG1 28%, IgG2 16%, IgG3 18% and IgG4 48%. There was significant correlation between elevated serum levels of IgG2, and to a lesser extent IgG3, with decreased lung function (for FEV1; p = 0.0001, and p = 0.001 respectively) and high levels of antipseudomonas precipitins (p = 0.008, and p = 0.002). A similar correlation was not found for IgG1 and IgG4. IgG subclasses vary in their ability to promote phagocytosis and to activate complement and it is possible that individual differences in the IgG subclass pattern could explain the variable course of this disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Infection with Pseudomonas cepacia in chronic granulomatous disease: role of nonoxidative killing by neutrophils in host defense.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas cepacia are catalase-producing bacteria, but only P. cepacia causes infections in patients with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). The in vitro killing of P. aeruginosa and P. cepacia by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNL) from patients with CGD and from healthy adults was assessed. Of 6 patients with CGD who developed severe infections with P. cepacia, 4 died. PMNL from the 2 survivors and 6 other patients with CGD killed P. aeruginosa strains efficiently and P. cepacia strains poorly. PMNL from 2 patients with autosomal recessive CGD and from 2 carriers for X-linked CGD killed P. cepacia intermediately between normal controls and patients with X-linked CGD. When superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide were scavenged with superoxide dismutase and catalase, normal PMNL killed P. aeruginosa but not P. cepacia. Thus, P. cepacia, but not P. aeruginosa, is a pathogen in patients with CGD, because it resists neutrophil-mediated nonoxidative bactericidal effects.

Burkholderia cepacia↗
PubMed1985

Intensive treatment of pseudomonas chest infection in cystic fibrosis: a comparison of tobramycin and ticarcillin, and netilmicin and ticarcillin.

Seventeen cystic fibrosis patients aged 3.1 years to 19.8 years had 30 courses of intensive treatment for relapse of their pseudomonas chest infection. The combination of netilmicin and ticarcillin was compared with tobramycin and ticarcillin in an open study. A significant subjective and objective improvement occurred in all patients. Pseudomonas was cleared temporarily from the sputum in 11 out of the 30 courses of treatment (37%). There was no significant difference between the netilmicin and tobramycin groups, nor evidence of sustained renal or ototoxicity. Intensive therapy of pseudomonas chest infection in cystic fibrosis patients is described in detail.

Adolescent↗