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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

Cryoprecipitate-induced mesenteric venous thrombosis during L-asparaginase therapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

We present a case of fatal mesenteric vein thrombosis (MVT) associated with L-asparaginase (L-asp) therapy and temporally related to cryoprecipitate infusion, in an adult with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). Cryoprecipitate was given on two consecutive days to raise a low fibrinogen level of 0.7 g/L, in the presence of severe thrombocytopenia and mucocutaneous bleeding. The thrombotic event presented as sudden abdominal pain a day after the second cryoprecipitate infusion, which raised the fibrinogen to 1.5 g/L. Concurrent levels of antithrombin III (AT III), protein C (PC) and protein S (PS) were very low. The patient died after laparotomy and wide resection of gangrenous bowel. We believe this is the first reported case in the English literature of a patient who developed mesenteric venous thrombosis during L-asp therapy, and once more we advise caution in using conventional blood products, especially cryoprecipitate, and recommend restricting the use of cryoprecipitate and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) to the treatment of serious hemorrhagic manifestations, until new effective and safe therapies are available.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Computer assisted pelvic surgery: registration based on a modified external fixator.

A fundamental step in Computer Assisted Surgery (CAS) is the registration, when the preoperative virtual data and the corresponding operative anatomy of the region of interest are merged. To provide exact landmarks for anatomical registration, a tubular external fixator was modified. Two intact pelvic bones (one artificial foam pelvis and one cadaver specimen) were used for the experimental setup. Registration was carried out using a standardized protocol for anatomy-based registration in the control group; anatomical registration was achieved using a modified external fixator in the study group. This external fixator had titanium fiducials wedged into the fixator carbon tubes serving as landmarks for paired-point registration. The tubes were used for surface registration. The standard anterior pelvis fixator assembly was augmented with additional bilateral tubes oriented towards the posterior, enabling registration of the sacroiliac areas. The accuracy of registration was checked by "reversed verification", where the examiner used only the screen display to control the virtual position of the pointer tip in relation to selected landmarks. By virtual matching, the real distance was measured with a digital caliper. We defined the verification as "accurate" when the residual distance was less than 1 mm; "acceptable" when it was between 1 mm and 2 mm; and "insufficient" when it exceeded 2 mm. The paired T-test with significance levels of p < 0.05 was used for statistical analysis. The anatomical registration based on the external fixator landmarks was statistically as accurate as that obtained using anatomical landmarks on the pelvic bone. This study concludes that the external fixator, a conventional tool in the management of acute traumatic pelvic instability, can also be useful for landmark registration in CAS.

External Fixators↗
PubMed2005

Navigated Iso-C3D-based percutaneous osteoid osteoma resection: a preliminary clinical report.

Minimally invasive osteoid osteoma resection under computer tomography (CT) guidance has yielded good results and has become a viable alternative to open surgical procedures. Limited visualization of the actual drill position under CT guidance can frequently result in inadequate and malpositioned drilling, especially at lesions located in less accessible anatomic regions. With the conventional CT-guided drilling technique, sterility and general operative management poorly correlate with standard operating room conditions, and are at risk of intra- and postoperative complications. The new Iso-C(3D) imaging device provides intraoperative multiplanar reconstructions. Adequate image quality and implementation in navigation systems were described for numerous indications. On the basis of multiplanar reconstructions, minimally invasive navigated techniques under three-dimensional surgical tool control become possible, which is not the case under fluoroscopic or CT-based navigation. We report on our first three cases of navigated Iso-C(3D) osteoid osteoma resection. A minimally invasive resection of the nidus was possible under permanent multiplanar image control. No complications were encountered and all patients reported successful outcomes. Minimally invasive-based navigation offered an effective and reproducible surgical approach. Dependence on CT imaging for proper positioning and complications associated with use away from the operating room environment can be avoided.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Effects of haemodialysis and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis on P300 cognitive potentials in uraemic patients.

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of haemodialysis (HD) and continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on P300 cognitive potentials in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and to find out if P300 potential is a valuable marker for following subclinical cognitive disorder. This study was performed in 42 patients with chronic uraemia, of whom 25 were on HD and 17 on CAPD, and in 25 healthy subjects. All the subjects were investigated in terms of P300 cognitive potential obtained from auditory stimuli with the oddball paradigm and the Mini-Mental State (MMS) examination. Patients undergoing HD were evaluated before (pre-dialysis) and after (post-dialysis) standard HD treatment. P300 latency was longer in HD patients than in the control group and CAPD patients. The MMS score was greater and P300 latency was shorter after a standard HD session when compared to pre-dialysis values in HD patients (p < 0.001 for both values). There was a negative correlation between P300 latency and MMS scores, and a positive correlation between P300 amplitude and MMS scores. In conclusion, P300 is useful for evaluating cognitive function in uraemia, even in asymptomatic patients, and CAPD is superior to HD in the management of cognitive impairment.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

Prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STD) among women in a suburban Sudanese community.

338 women with age ranging from 15 to 69 years in a suburban Sudanese community were randomly selected and studied. Urine sample, high vaginal swabs and blood samples were investigated for bacterial vaginosis, candidiasis, trichomoniasis, gonorrhoea, HIV and syphilis. The sensitivity and specificity of some laboratory tests were evaluated. Bacterial vaginosis was found in 17.2% of the subjects, candidiasis in 10.1%, trichomoniasis in 7.7%, gonorrhoea in 1.2%, HIV in 1.2% and syphilis in 0.9% of the subjects. The sensitivity and specificity of amine test as a criterion for diagnosing bacterial vaginosis was 58.6% and 73.2%, respectively. The respective values of clue cells in wet preparation were 43.1% and 99.6%. The vaginal discharge in women with bacterial vaginosis lacked pus cells unless associated with concurrent infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

First report of Q fever in Oman.

Although serologic evidence suggests the presence of Q fever in humans and animals in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, acute Q fever has not been reported on the Arabian Peninsula. We report the first two cases of acute Q fever in Oman.

Female↗
PubMed2001

[Method-performance studies of notified analytical method for clofentezine].

Method-performance studies were conducted for the notified revised analytical method of clofentezine. Clofentezine spiked in azuki beans, apple, orange, banana, grape, tea powder and tea extract at the level of 0.2 microgram/g (2 micrograms/g for tea) was analyzed in replicate in 6 laboratories. Mean values of recovery from 7 crops ranged from 78.4 to 85.2%. Repeatability relative standard deviation values ranged from 2.2 to 4.6% and reproducibility standard deviation values ranged from 4.8 to 10.3%. The detection limits were 0.005-0.01 microgram/g. These results show the notified analytical method has good performance.

Chlorobenzenes↗
PubMed1988

Effects of beak trimming at different ages on the body weight and feed conversion of guinea fowl (Numida meleagris).

The effect of beak trimming at different ages on feed consumption and growth of meat-type guineas (Numida meleagris) up to 12 wk of age was investigated. In the first experiment, beaks of birds were trimmed at 7, 28, 49, and 70 days, respectively. In the second experiment, beak trimming was done at 42, 49, 56, and 63 days, respectively. Body weight, feed consumption, and mortality were measured first at 4 wk and weekly thereafter in both experiments. Beak trimming of keets at 7 days, significantly (P less than .05) reduced body weights at 4, 8, and 12 wk whereas beak trimming at 70 days significantly (P less than .05) reduced body weights at 12 wk. Beak trimming at other ages did not produce significant differences in body weights or feed conversions. Mortality was low (2 to 4%) throughout.

Age Factors↗
PubMed2002

Megaselia scalaris (Diptera: Phoridae) can live on ripe bananas--a potential health hazard?

OBJECTIVE: Identification of larvae that inest bananas and investigating its habits. DESIGN: Laboratory based study. SETTING: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo. METHODS: Bananas brought to the department with a query of maggot infestation were examined and the presence of maggots was confirmed. Maggots were allowed to develop into adults. The larvae and the flies were identified using standard keys. RESULTS: Megaselia scalaris was identified, the larvae of which infest ripe bananas. Three generations of M scalaris were reared using ripe bananas as the only source of food. Two other banana specimens yielded larvae that eventually grew into adult flies of Bactrocera species. CONCLUSIONS: In addition to Bactrocera spp. larvae of which are known pests in bananas, M scalaris larvae were detected as pests for the first time. We demonstrated that M scalaris can complete its life-cycle depending on ripe bananas as the only source of food. The vast consumption of bananas and the potential of M scalaris to cause intestinal and wound myiasis in humans make these findings medically important.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Achieving asepsis of banana leaves for the management of toxic epidermal necrolysis.

BACKGROUND: Banana leaf is used in many centers in India during the care of patients with toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and other extensive blistering disorders. Sepsis is an important cause of death in TEN patients and use of banana leaf may be a source of such infection. AIMS: We conducted this study to detect the bacterial flora of the banana leaf and to examine various methods of rendering the leaf aseptic. METHODS: Five pieces of banana leaf, 2 x 2 cm in size, were cultured separately in blood agar as follows: One piece was heated over a flame and one was soaked in boiling water and one was autoclaved. Methylated spirit was applied over one piece and ignited. One piece was placed on the media, 'as is.' The Petri dishes were incubated examined after 48 h. RESULTS: All the pieces except the autoclaved specimen of the leaf grew coagulase-negative staphylococci (CONS) when aseptic precautions were not maintained and aerobic spore bearers when all aseptic measures were subsequently instituted during the procedure. CONCLUSION: We recommend measures to prevent possible transmission of bacterial infection by the leaf. Autoclaved and aseptically handled banana leaves may be used to reduce chance of infection in the treatment of TEN.

Asepsis↗
PubMed1983

Observations on cattle schistosomiasis in the Sudan, a study in comparative medicine. IV. Preliminary observations on the mechanism of naturally acquired resistance.

Suppression of egg production is the main parasitological manifestation of naturally acquired resistance to Schistosoma bovis in Sudanese cattle. In preliminary investigations on the mechanisms involved, 700-4,000 "suppressed" adult worms were surgically transplanted from six "resistant" donor cattle with very low fecal egg counts (0-8 eggs/g, epg) into six normal recipients. After transplantation, large numbers of eggs were excreted in the feces of the recipient cattle, beginning at between 5 and 16 days after operation, and reaching counts of 55-405 epg at between 6 and 20 days post transplantation. In the cattle with the highest egg counts, egg counts soon fell sharply from peak levels, whereas in cattle with lower peak counts, more steady counts were maintained. All the recipients were perfused at days 46-56, when between 0.1% and 78.5% of the transplanted worms were recovered. In the second experiment, 1,000-ml quantities of pooled sera from "resistant" donors were injected intraperitoneally into each of four normal recipient calves, while another four were injected with pooled sera from uninfected cattle. All the calves were challenged percutaneously the next day with 7,500 cercariae each, and the course of infection was followed by parasitological and clinical measurements until perfusion 18 weeks later. The results showed that the "immune" sera had a negligible effect on the numbers of worms which developed, and had no significant effect on the fecal egg counts or clinical parameters studied. There was, however, some evidence from the tissue egg counts of a reduction in the fecundity of the worms in calves injected with "immune" sera.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Tropical idiopathic lower limb gangrene: case report.

Tropical idiopathic lower limb gangrene is a rare disease. It was first described by Gelfand amongst the indigenous inhabitants of present day Zimbabwe. It is a bilateral and simultaneous gangrene of both lower extremities due to no obvious cause and usually seen in men during the second and fourth decade of life. The onset is always sudden and the first sign is oedema of both feet accompanied by pain. The patients are usually people who have been previously healthy. This is a report of a clinical variant of the disease.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Purulent pericarditis complicating septicaemia: report of two cases.

Intrapericardial (Pericardial) abscess is quite rare as a complication of sepsis and as a cardiac complication of typhoid septicaemia. It is rapidly fatal if untreated. We report two cases of a schoolboy eight years old with septicaemia from pyomyositis of the right thigh and another of nine and a half years with typhoid perforation and typhoid septicaemia that developed pericardial abscesses. In well-developed centres, computerised tomography, ultrasonography and other radiological investigations are employed for both diagnosis and therapy. We emphasise that these can be accomplished by good clinical examination, radiography of chest and the use of 18-G intra-venous cannula for percutaneous pericardiocentesis without aggressive surgical intervention.

Bacteremia↗
PubMed2004

Femoral hernias in children at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Nigeria.

OBJECTIVE: To ascertain the diagnostic accuracy and outcome of surgical treatment in Nigerian children referred for paediatric surgical opinion at the Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, South-west Nigeria. DESIGN: A retrospective review of our practice experience over a 15-year period; between January, 1989 and December, 2003. SETTING: The Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital (OOUTH), serves as a referral centre for other government and private hospitals in and around the Ogun State, South-west Nigeria. The OOUTH, though a tertiary medical centre also receives patients who present directly at the General Out-Patient Clinics and the Emergency Units of the hospital. The catchment population is estimated at 7.5 million. SUBJECTS: The medical records of all patients under 14 years of age with a final diagnosis of femoral hernia who presented between January, 1989 and December, 2003 were reviewed. METHODS: The age, sex, mode of presentation, findings at surgery, procedure performed, immediate post-operative and 12 months follow-up details were recorded. RESULTS: Seven of 1,213 (0.58%) patients with groin hernias within the study period had femoral hernias; four (57%) were girls and three (43%) were boys. Age range was 3 to 9 years. The mode of presentation in all the children was recurrent lump in the groin. Five patients (71%) had right sided lump while the lump was on the left side in two of the patients. The duration of symptoms ranged from two years to eight years. The provisional diagnosis by the referring general practitioners and paediatricians were incorrect in all seven patients. Five patients (71 %) were correctly diagnosed preoperatively by the attending surgeon while two were thought to be inguinal hernias. CONCLUSION: The diagnosis of femoral hernia remains a challenging problem in childhood because of its rarity and similar clinical presentation as inguinal hernia.

Child↗