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PubMed1998

[At the heart of Internet].

Internet combines features of both a "coffee shop" and a "very large library". It is different from these two institutions in the innovating approach to information and its communication. The information is obtained by navigators, who recover documents dispersed in the four corners of the World Wide Web. The hypertext links between these documents explain the originality of the Web. They are a permanent invitation to look "somewhere else" to enrich the original site. Electronic messengers facilitate the exchange of information and documents. Room for discussion is available for all in the forums and to a well identified community in the lists of users. Internet is a decentralised and anarchic system. In order not to get lost, the sign posts must be followed. To avoid being a nuisance, there are rules of good conduct. You must not expect too much in order not to be disappointed: absolute security (with the risk of not having access) and perfect adequation of content (because of the risk of the loss of freedom of expression).

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1998

SGML and XML as interchange formats for HL7 messages.

OBJECTIVE: To report on the use of SGML and XML (a proper subset of SGML) as transfer syntaxes for HL7 Version 2.3 and Version 3.0 messages. METHODS: The methodology has focused largely on two questions: Can it be done? How best to do it? The first question is addressed by attempting to build an SGML/XML representation of HL7 messages. The second question requires a consideration of several metrics: message length, speed of message creation and parsing, interversion compatibility, local customization, conformance determination, and the availability of software tools and skill on the format. RESULTS: Detailed specifications for expressing HL7 in SGML and XML have been developed. Some HL7 requirements are not readily expressed, while some ambiguous areas of the HL7 standard are made explicit in the SGML/XML representation. With the current design, an SGML/XML parser can extract any component of any data type from a message. CONCLUSIONS: SGML and XML can both serve as implementable message specifications for HL7 Version 2.3 and Version 3.0 messages. The ability to explicitly represent an HL7 requirement in SGML/XML confers the ability to validate that requirement with an SGML parser. The optimal message representation will be a balance of functional, technical, and practical requirements.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1998

A proposal for incorporating health level seven (HL7) vocabulary in the UMLS Metathesaurus.

The HL7 Vocabulary Technical Committee (TC) was organized to select and maintain the vocabulary used in HL7 messages. The goal is to make implementations of the Version 3 HL7 Standard more plug-and-play compatible. In order to make the vocabulary readily accessible to the public, HL7 is collaborating with the U.S. National Library of Medicine (NLM) to include HL7 vocabulary in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) Metathesaurus. This article describes a proposal for how HL7 data elements and coded values can be represented accurately in the relational tables of the UMLS Metathesaurus.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Global healthcare and the flux of technology.

For Medinfo '98, as an exercise in technological forecasting and analysis, we volunteered to project the direction of healthcare informatics into the next century. This paper is an extended discussion of that presentation. We open with the observation that healthcare informatics is merely one of the many endeavors that is following a turbulent but nearly inescapable path into a digital future. Our objective is to describe as best we can the overall geography of the general path we appear to be on, to anticipate some of our future checkpoints along the way, to identify some of the roughest transitional passages as they apply to healthcare, and to present this as one guide among many to those who have offered to do the steering into this exciting, electronic unknown. Emphasis is placed on the growing importance of information networks, the particular nature of complexity as applied to healthcare communications and healthcare itself, and the impact of the rising costs of what is medically possible in a technological age. Certain evident recent changes in computing technology are singled out for their present and expected importance. The whole is considered from a broader organizational perspective to better understand the turbulence of present times, and what medical informatics might address to ameliorate the most onerous healthcare issues.

Computers↗
PubMed2003

A guide to building image-centric databases.

There is a paucity of image-centric neuroinformatics infrastructure within the individual investigator's laboratory despite the obvious need for automation and integration of experimental results. Yet, solutions can often be readily built using off-the-shelf databases and associated tools. Doing so simplifies day-to-day research operation and increases throughput. Proper construction of in-house solutions may also expedite community-wide integration of private and public data repositories. Here we describe neuroinformatics approaches at different levels of functionality, required expertise, and size of image datasets. The simplest approach offers ease of image browsing and rudimentary searching. More sophisticated systems provide powerful search capabilities, a means of tracking analysis, and even automated serial processing pipelines. In this practicum, we provide guidance in selecting among the different options.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Low-cost rapid usability engineering: designing and customizing usable healthcare information systems.

It is essential that the healthcare systems we develop are usable, meet user information needs and are safe. To ensure system usability, a variety of methods have emerged from the area of usability engineering and have been adapted to healthcare. The authors have been applying methods of usability engineering, working with hospitals and companies to develop more usable healthcare information systems for over 15 years. Based on our current work at the University of Victoria, we describe how to set up a low-cost portable laboratory that can rapidly evaluate the usability and safety of healthcare information systems both in artificial mocked-up settings and in real clinical contexts (e.g., in hospital wards).

Computer Peripherals↗