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PubMed1989

Circular on controlling the outflow of labourers, March 1989.

In early March 1989, China's General Office of the State Council issued an urgent Circular demanding that various local governmental bodies "do a good job in strictly controlling the blind outflow of laborers." The circular pointed out that "since the Spring Festival, large numbers of laborers from Sichuan, Henan, Hubei, Shandong, Shaanxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, and other provinces have concentrated in large numbers in regions such as the northwest, the northwest, and Guangdong Province, causing a huge increase in railroad passenger traffic. There has been a large pile-up of passengers on some main railroad lines and stations, and trains have been seriously overcrowded. This has put tremendous pressure on railroad transport. After arriving in the above mentioned regions, some of these laborers hang around the streets because they cannot find work, and their life is extremely difficult. The large influx of laborers into these regions has caused confusion in local social order." In order to resolve this problem satisfactorily, the circular makes the following demands: "The people's government at all levels must rapidly get under control the blind outflow of laborers and their assembly in large numbers for moving elsewhere. It is necessary to organize forces to admonish and stop those laborers who have already assembled at the railroad stations, so that they will not blindly move elsewhere. They should also be mobilized to return to their home towns."

Asia↗
PubMed1989

Structural change in the Arabian Gulf: impact of the foreign workforce.

"This paper aims to throw light on issues related to the actual economic impact of the non-national labour force by exploring areas in which such labour force contributes to diversification of the labour-receiving country and how non-national workers differ from their national counterparts in effecting structural changes in the Arab Gulf region....[The author analyzes] sectoral patterns of production in member States of the Arab Monetary Fund for 1975 and 1985...."

Demography↗
PubMed1992

Clinical, social and ethical aspects of HIV-1 infections in an Arab Gulf State.

Clinical, social and ethical aspects of HIV-1 infection as occurring in the Arab Gulf State of Qatar are presented. Up until November 1989, 50 patients were reported with HIV infection. In more than 75% of cases, the disease was acquired via transfusion of imported blood; 52% have developed AIDS and 65% of these have died. In response to the problem, the Ministry of Health has established a National AIDS Committee whose major function has been to educate both the medical profession and lay public about the disease and on ways to prevent its spread. Furthermore, the Committee has also taken on the role of patient advocate and has been instrumental in resolving many HIV-related difficulties in the community at large. Specialized HIV clinics have also been set up, with both Qatari and expatriate patients being enrolled in treatment programmes. No expatriate patient has been deported due to infection with HIV. Although many social and ethical issues remain unresolved, it appears that a rational and humane public health policy has been adopted in Qatar with respect to the AIDS threat.

AIDS Serodiagnosis↗
PubMed1990

Prevalence of gonorrhoea, syphilis and trichomoniasis in prostitutes in Burkina Faso.

Prevalence of syphilis, gonorrhoea and trichomoniasis among 127 prostitutes in Ougadougou, Burkina Faso, was investigated. 22% were positive of syphilis, 20% for intracellular gram negative diplococci, and 17% for Trichomonas vaginalis infection. Demographic data revealed that the prostitutes were a young group, with 69% between 15 and 25 years old. 14% of the women were from Burkina Faso; the majority (73%) were of Ghanaian origin. Our data highlight alarming rates of STDs in prostitutes working in Ouagadougou. Education campaigns which consider sociodemographic and cultural characteristics of the prostitutes should be established to reduce these rates. Upgrading of diagnostic capabilities and focal mass drug administration among prostitutes should also be considered. Data for this study were collected at Yalgado Ouedraogo Hospital, Ouagudougou, Burkina Faso, and analyzed at Columbia University School of Public Health and at Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, USA.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

Human immunodeficiency virus infection in the blood donors of Delhi, India.

In the present study, blood from paid and unpaid donors was screened for the presence of HIV infection using a competitive ELISA test. None of the 8,000 unpaid donors but 4 (0.23%) of the 1,700 paid donors showed evidence of HIV infection. All of these four ELISA-positive samples were confirmed by the Western blot test. The present study indicates that HIV infection has entered the group of paid donors in the Delhi metropolitan area. Careful donor screening, discouraging use of paid donors, and stringent screening of donated units of blood has become mandatory in India to prevent HIV transmission through blood and blood products.

Adult↗