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Bringing physician nutrition specialists into the mainstream: rationale for the Intersociety Professional Nutrition Education Consortium.

Given the prevalence of nutritionally related chronic diseases in American society, the training of physicians should include a focus on the relations of diet to disease. Yet, despite scientific data, public interest, US government reports, society studies, and congressional mandates, the teaching of nutrition in medical schools and residency programs remains inadequate. The authority whom patients most wish to consult for information on health-their physician-thus remains insufficiently informed about the role of diet in the prevention and treatment of disease. New efforts must be initiated to train nutrition-literate physicians. The principal obstacle to nutrition literacy among physicians is the paucity of physician nutrition specialists (PNSs) on medical school faculties who can effectively advocate for change in medical school and residency curricula and who can serve as role models for incorporating nutrition into patient care. To encourage nutrition societies to unite in addressing these issues, the Intersociety Professional Nutrition Education Consortium was founded in 1997. The Consortium aims to establish educational standards for fellowship training and a unified mechanism for posttraining certification of PNSs, and to develop a long-term plan to increase the pool of PNSs and surmount obstacles that currently impede the incorporation of nutrition education into the curricula of medical schools and primary-care residency programs.

Education, Medical↗

Machiavelli and the chief resident.

A good chief resident is under pressure from residents and the department director and must work for the welfare of both the housestaff and the institution. Using precepts from Niccoló Machiavelli's The Prince, the author gives advice for chief residents on how to balance their responsibilities. The author, using Machiavelli's precepts, discusses the difficulties of introducing change, supervising former colleagues and peers, the opprobrium that inevitably attaches to tough decisions, the need to set good examples, and other aspects of being a chief resident.

Humans↗

The prevalence and ramifications of psychopathology in psychiatric residents: an overview.

Although estimates of psychopathology in psychiatric residents vary from 4% to 22%, at either end of the spectrum emotional disturbance is a significant problem that merits greater attention. The prevalence of psychopathology may be seriously underestimated when obtained from residency program directors, who may be aware of only the most blatant cases. On the other hand, figures that rely on self-report of the subjective impressions of faculty may be spuriously inflated by transient manifestations of stress commonly experienced during residency training in psychiatry. The author makes recommendations for improved screening of candidates and greater commitment by training programs to recognizing and meeting the emotional needs of psychiatric residents.

Humans↗