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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1994

Residency and fellowship training in radiology: survey of all United States programs.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: We surveyed radiology training programs to determine current requirements for a clinical internship year, recent changes in the clinical internship requirement, current number of residents, percentage of residents with preradiology clinical experience, number of current first-year fellows, and percentage of residents entering fellowships. METHODS: Survey forms were sent to all 208 U.S. diagnostic radiology programs and were followed up by telephone and facsimile transmission. RESULTS: Survey response rate was 100%. One hundred programs (48%) require an internship, whereas 108 programs (52%) do not. Of programs without a clinical internship requirement, 33 (31%) have eliminated this requirement within the last 5 years. The clinical year requirement varied greatly by region. A total of 3983 residents are training at present, and 29% did not complete a clinical internship. Currently, 650 fellows are in training. Approximately 68% of graduating residents are entering fellowships. CONCLUSIONS: Many residency programs have recently discontinued the clinical internship year requirement. Changes in Medicare reimbursement of resident salaries may be one factor promoting this change. During the past 4 years, the number of radiology residents training per year has increased. The percentage of residents entering radiology without an internship year has increased by 6% during the past 4 years. An increasing number of graduating residents are entering fellowships.

Clinical Clerkship↗
PubMed2006

Postgraduate obstetrics and gynaecology experience: the role for early exposure.

BACKGROUND: The early postgraduate years provide the opportunity for junior doctors to gain a range of experience and determine their focused areas of interest. Internship thus requires experience in medicine, surgery and the emergency department. Obstetrics and gynaecology (O & G) is not offered as an internship rotation, despite its suitability as such. A cross-sectional analysis of junior doctors was performed to assess residents' views on the suitability of an O & G rotation for career decision-making and for achieving sufficient clinical experience. METHODS: Fifty-two resident medical staff in their second postgraduate year were recruited and each was given an anonymous survey for completion. Visual analogue scales (VAS) were used for participant responses. RESULTS: For whether internship without an O & G rotation provides sufficient experience to include or exclude O & G as a career choice, the average participant response was 2.1 (on a VAS out of 10) (P<0.0001). For whether an O & G internship rotation would provide adequate medical, surgical or emergency department experience, the average response was 7.9 (on the VAS out of 10) (P<0.0001). As to whether participants would have preferred to undergo an O & G rotation during internship, the average response was 7.7 (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated a perception by residents that an O & G rotation during internship would achieve adequate clinical competencies and assist in career decision-making in O & G, with residents preferring to have undergone an O & G rotation during internship.

Australia↗
PubMed1980

Trying out the competency profile for entry-level nutrition/dietetics practice.

The Ontario Regional Dietetic Internship Committee sponsored a workshop on "The Competency Based Profile", for Internship Directors and other dietitians involved with interns. The objectives of the workshop were: 1. to define the effects of implementation of some aspects of the competency profile into existing internship programs, 2. to exchange ideas regarding implementation, and 3. to give Internship Directors a further insight into the pros and cons of competency based education. Nine internship programs implemented some aspects of the profile. From one to seven dietetic interns and one to eleven dietitians were involved per program. Their findings were that the profile took on the average more time to complete than the regular CDA Dietetic Interns' Evaluation Forms. The profile could not be used as the sole evaluation tool. It was however an effective diagnostic tool. The rating scale is not well worded nor is its numerical system an effective way to evaluate dietetic interns. The competency profile is not suitable for all types of internship programs. Specialized internships have to expand on the profile to meet their own needs.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2004

Needlestick/sharps injuries among vocational school nursing students in southern Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Although most needlestick/sharps injuries (NSIs/SIs) research focuses on health care workers (HCWs), students in hospital internships are also at risk. Investigations that examined NSIsS/SIs in student populations generally studied medical rather than nursing students (NSs). In 1999, approximately 17,000 Taiwanese nursing graduates were exposed to the hazard of NSIs/SIs. We examined the frequency and mechanism of NSIs/SIs among vocational school NSs in southern Taiwan. METHODS: Between July and December of 1999, within 1 week after the NSs completed their internship training, one of the researchers, who was a teacher in this vocational school, asked them to fill out questionnaires. RESULTS: Five hundred twenty-seven of 550 (92.6%) questionnaires were considered valid. Two hundred sixty-four of 527 (50.1%) responders sustained one or more NSIs/SIs. Ninety-six of 527 (18.2%) responders suffered contaminated NSIs/SIs. The average number of NSIs/SIs per student was 8.0 times/year (4.9 times/student/year for NSIs and 3.1 times/student/year for SIs). NSIs/SIs rates for NSs in 10-week and 4-week internships were significantly different ( P = .039): 53.3% versus 43.7%, respectively. The NSIs/SIs frequencies were influenced by length of internship: 7.3 times/student/year in 10-week internship and 11.7 times/student/year in 4-week internship. Logistic regression analysis indicated that length of internship rotation was statistically significant with respect to contaminated NSIs/SIs (OR = 1.682; 95% CI: 1.005-2.81; P = .048). CONCLUSIONS: The NSIs/SIs frequencies of NSs were higher than those for HCWs. We found that frequency of NSIs/SIs for vocational school NSs is above average. Whether the young age of these NSs put them at greater risk for NSIs/SIs warrants further inquiry.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Clinical skills among interns].

BACKGROUND: Previous reports have demonstrated variable and partly insufficient skills levels in common practical procedures among interns after internship in hospital. The aim of the present study was to examine the development in interns' skills levels in practical procedures in relation to their gender, medical school, hospital and supervision. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Between July 1996 and July 1999 all interns in Norway were asked to indicate their skills level in 88 practical clinical procedures before and after hospital internship. Of the 599 interns included, 472 replied (79%). RESULTS: Males reported significant higher skills levels than females. After internship, no differences between interns graduated from the four universities were observed. Our study shows that the hospital internship is an important part of the medical education. An overall improvement was found in all interns. Interns whose skills levels were low before internship, had the best improvement. INTERPRETATION: The finding of a variable skills level before and a variable development during internship indicates that teaching in practical procedures is unstructured and inadequate. A consensus on the skills to be acquired and on what level is needed. Improvements are also needed in the quality of supervision.

Clinical Competence↗
PubMed2003

[Self-reported level of practical skills after the revision of a medical school curriculum in Trondheim].

BACKGROUND: The medical curriculum of the University of Trondheim was recently changed from a traditional (2.5 years preclinical studies followed by 3.5 years clinical studies) to an integrated, problem-based approach. This study examines self-reported levels of skills in practical procedures before and after internship among doctors educated under the old vs. the new curriculum. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1996-99 (old curriculum) and 1999-2001 (new curriculum) all doctors who had graduated from the University of Trondheim were asked to indicate their level of skills in 88 practical clinical procedures before and after their hospital internships. RESULTS: Of the 174 interns included, 114 replied on both occasions (66%). Before internship, graduates with the new curriculum reported a significant better level of skills than those with the old curriculum. After internship, however, no difference according to curriculum could be observed. The gender difference in the self-reports from students under the old curriculum was absent. INTERPRETATION: The new problem-based curriculum seems to have improved the practical level of skills prior to internship. This difference does, however, disappear after hospital internship.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Physician labor market in Croatia.

AIM: To analyze the physician labor market in Croatia with respect to the internship and employment opportunities, Croatian needs for physicians and specialists, and trends in physician labor market in the European Union (EU) in the context of EU enlargement. METHODS: Data were collected from the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, the Croatian Employment Service, and the Croatian Institute for Public Health. We compared the number of physicians waiting for internship before and 14 months after the implementation of the State Program for Intern Employment Stimulation. Also, the number of employed specialists in internal medicine, general surgery, gynecology and obstetrics, and pediatrics was compared with estimated number of specialists that will have been needed by the end of 2007. Average age of hospital physicians in the four specialties was determined and the number of Croatian physicians compared with the number of physicians in EU countries. RESULTS: The number of unemployed physicians waiting for internship decreased from 335 in 2003 to 82 in 2004, while a total number of unemployed physicians decreased from 436 to 379 (chi2=338, P<0.001). In October 2004, 79.3% of unemployed physicians waited for internship <6 months; of them, 89.2% waited for internship <3 months. In February 2005, 365 unemployed physicians were registered at the Croatian Employment Service and that number has been decreasing in the last couple of years. The number of employed specialists was lower than the estimated number of specialists needed in the analyzed specialists, as defined by the prescribed standards. A shortage of 328 internists, 319 surgeons, 209 gynecologists, and 69 pediatricians in Croatian hospitals is expected in 2007. CONCLUSION: The lack of employment incentive seems to be the main reason for the large number of unemployed physicians waiting for internship before the implementation of the Employment Stimulation Program. According to the number of physicians per 100,000 population, Croatia is below the EU average. Croatian labor market will not be able to meet the needs of the health system for physicians by the end of 2007.

Croatia↗
PubMed2001

Predicting Performance on the National Athletic Trainers' Association Board of Certification Examination From Grade Point Average and Number of Clinical Hours.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether grade point average, hours of clinical education, or both are significant predictors of performance on the National Athletic Trainers' Association Board of Certification examination and whether curriculum and internship candidates' scores on the certification examination can be differentially predicted. DESIGN AND SETTING: Data collection forms and consent forms were mailed to the subjects to collect data for predictor variables. Subject scores on the certification examination were obtained from Columbia Assessment Services. SUBJECTS: A total of 270 first-time candidates for the April and June 1998 certification examinations. MEASUREMENTS: Grade point average, number of clinical hours completed, sex, route to certification eligibility (curriculum or internship), scores on each section of the certification examination, and pass/fail criteria for each section. RESULTS: We found no significant difference between the scores of men and women on any section of the examination. Scores for curriculum and internship candidates differed significantly on the written and practical sections of the examination but not on the simulation section. Grade point average was a significant predictor of scores on each section of the examination and the examination as a whole. Clinical hours completed did not add a significant increment for any section but did add a significant increment for the examination overall. Although no significant difference was noted between curriculum and internship candidates in predicting scores on sections of the examination, a significant difference by route was found in predicting whether candidates would pass the examination as a whole (P =.047). Proportion of variance accounted for was less than R(2) = 0.0723 for any section of the examination and R(2) = 0.057 for the examination as a whole. CONCLUSIONS: Potential predictors of performance on the certification examination can be useful to athletic training educators in assisting students. These findings must be used cautiously because of the low proportion of explained variance. Low R(2) values suggest that the largest contributors to performance on the examination were not identified in this study. Although the results of this study support the decision to discontinue the internship route to certification, continued research focusing on identification and investigation of the constructs that contribute to examination success is needed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1983

Culturally sensitive and effective psychologists: a challenge for the 1980s.

A random sample of accredited graduate psychology departments and internship programs were surveyed to examine current efforts at integrating ethnic minority content into curricula and training. Additional information was sought on faculty development efforts and needs relative to integration of such content. Of the 121 department chair respondents, 80 affirmed inclusion of ethnic minority content in curricula. Integration was mainly found through provision of elective courses. Seventy internship directors responded, with 45 acknowledging ethnic minority content in their programs. However, only 36% of this content was found in "most of the program." Over 30% of both the departments and internship programs reported no efforts to integrate ethnic minority content into curricula or training. Faculty development efforts in both the academic and applied settings were also found to be minimal. However, the need existed to provide faculty with basic resource materials, guidelines, and approaches, as well as training in integrating ethnic minority content. Department chairs perceived summer institutes for faculty as a mechanism for fulfilling ethnic minority content requirements. Internship directors perceived continuing education programs as most advantageous. Issues regarding the implications of the apparent dearth of ethnic minority content in psychology are discussed.

Community Mental Health Services↗
PubMed1979

A predictive and descriptive model of interns' hospital selections.

This paper examines the differences among medical students who have chosen different types of hospitals for internship training. The criterion variable of a medical student electing to take internship training in a government, private, public, or university hospital is analyzed using admissions, medical training, and practice data as independent variables. Multiple discriminant analysis is employed to evaluate the profiles of physicians who have taken internship training in the different types of hospitals. Classification rates were found to be somewhat accurate. Computer graph plots of discriminant analysis mappings are used to depict differences among the hospital-based internship groups. The results of applying these techniques and methods are of value for more efficient hospital administration.

Career Choice↗
PubMed1999

Removing barriers and building bridges: American deaf interns teaching Chinese deaf children.

Two deaf American student-teaching M.A. candidates did an internship at a school for the Deaf in China. This was the first such internship ever done in China. Critical procedures for establishing international internships are described; cultural and educational experiences and the accommodations made to guarantee the success of such internships are analyzed, including issues related to communication modality, educational philosophy, expectations for deaf learners, and teaching methods. The views of both interns, and those of two teacher educators one American and one Chinese, are included.

Adult↗