Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Handicapped”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

The Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly screening version adapted for use with elderly Chinese American individuals.

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE) screening version translated into Chinese can be used as a valid screening instrument for the identification of hearing impairment in Chinese-speaking elderly persons. One hundred elderly Chinese Americans were screened, and the majority of the subjects did not report hearing handicap. A comparison among different screening protocols (ASHA, 40 dB HL at 1000 and 2000 Hz; HHIE-S > 10 and HHIE-S > 10 and 40 dB HL at 1 and 2 kHz) suggested that the combined HHIE-S and 40 dB HL cutoff at 1000 and 2000 Hz achieved the best referral rates. Some hypotheses explaining the results are discussed relative to cultural and linguistic differences between elderly Chinese Americans and their white English-speaking counterparts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Factor analysis of the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory.

The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI; C. W. Newman, G. P. Jacobson, & J. B. Spitzer, 1996) is widely used in a clinical context to assess tinnitus-related self-reported handicap and to report treatment outcomes. Test-retest reliability has been reported to be high, and high convergent validity with other measures of tinnitus distress has been reported. Factor analysis of the subscales of the THI has previously been reported for a Danish translation, but not for the English version. In the present study, the THI was factor analyzed using data collected from a group of 80 clinical tinnitus patients and 116 patients with unilateral vestibular schwannoma. The factor analysis yielded strong support for a unifactorial structure of the scale, with a majority of items loading on the first factor, and high internal consistency of the total score. The authors recommend use of the total score in research and in clinical practice.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

Multimedia hearing handicap inventory: reliability and clinical utility.

PURPOSE: This preliminary study evaluated the test-retest reliability, internal-consistency reliability, and listener reactions to the design and functional utility of the Multimedia Hearing Handicap Inventory (MHHI). METHOD: Participants were 51 adults exhibiting hearing sensitivity ranging from normal hearing to severe hearing loss. Different test-retest sequences, using different combinations of the long and short programs of the MHHI, were administered to 3 experimental groups composed of 17 participants each. An exit interview was used to evaluate the MHHI's clinical utility. RESULTS: Results revealed the MHHI to have high test-retest reliability and high internal-consistency reliability, and thus to have statistical properties similar to those of the original screening versions of the Hearing Handicap Inventories for Adults and for the Elderly. Participant feedback regarding the MHHI's overall clinical utility, the informational content of its long program, and the Hearing Profile feature was highly positive. CONCLUSIONS: Results demonstrate the clinical potential of a multimedia approach in advancing the audiologic rehabilitation process.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Performance of adults with developmental handicaps on alternate forms of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test.

A total of 154 adults with developmental handicaps involved in a comprehensive community-based habilitation program were tested on alternate forms of the PPVT and PPVT--Revised to determine interest reliabilities. A comparison of response profiles indicated that there was a significant degree of correspondence in general performance using alternate forms (p less than .0001). This correspondence was maintained regardless of whether overall raw score or mental age equivalents were used. However, a comparison of performance on individual test items that were identical on alternate forms showed less consistent results. Particular aspects of the administration and structure of the PPVT/PPVT-R and response characteristics of individuals with developmental handicaps are suggested as being important factors in test administration and interpretation with this population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Communicative profiles of preschool children with handicaps: implications for early identification.

The purpose of this study was to compare the communicative profiles of preschool children with handicaps to those of normal children functioning in the prelinguistic and one-word stage using standard sampling procedures. The children with handicaps included 4 with Down syndrome, 4 with specific language impairments, and 3 with autism. Measures obtained from the communication samples included rates of intentional communication and proportions of communicative functions, discourse structure, communicative means, and syllabic shape. The results of the children with Down syndrome fell within the normal range on all parameters. The common pattern displayed by the children with specific language impairments was a deviation in syllabic shape. The children with autism displayed adequate rates of communicating but fell outside of the normal range for their language stage on the other communicative parameters. Clinical implications of these findings for the early identification of children with communicative impairments are discussed.

Autistic Disorder↗
PubMed1984

Interactive basis of severely handicapped and normal children's acquisition of referential language.

The purpose of this study was to compare the interactions of prelinguistic severely handicapped children and their caregivers to the interactions of prelinguistic normal children and their mothers. The children were matched for level of sensorimotor development. Comparisons were made with regard to the children's use of gestures, patterns of play, and natural opportunities for developmentally appropriate communicative stimulation. These comparisons were based on observations of each child and his caregiver during a 30-min period of naturalistic play. Overall, no significant differences were found between the children's use of prelinguistic gestures or in their patterns of play. Significant differences were found, however, between the communicative environments of the two groups of children. The severely handicapped children experienced significantly fewer opportunities to hear labels for the objects of their attention or to observe functional object demonstrations. Both the theoretical implications and the practical applications of these findings were considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Consonant-recognition patterns and self-assessment of hearing handicap.

Two companion experiments were conducted with normal-hearing subjects and subjects with high-frequency, sensorineural hearing loss. In Experiment 1, the validity of a self-assessment device of hearing handicap was evaluated in two groups of hearing-impaired listeners with significantly different consonant-recognition ability. Data for the Hearing Performance Inventory--Revised (Lamb, Owens, & Schubert, 1983) did not reveal differences in self-perceived handicap for the two groups of hearing-impaired listeners; it was sensitive to perceived differences in hearing abilities for listeners who did and did not have a hearing loss. Experiment 2 was aimed at evaluation of consonant error patterns that accounted for observed group differences in consonant-recognition ability. Error patterns on the Nonsense-Syllable Test (NST) across the two subject groups differed in both degree and type of error. Listeners in the group with poorer NST performance always demonstrated greater difficulty with selected low-frequency and high-frequency syllables than did listeners in the group with better NST performance. Overall, the NST was sensitive to differences in consonant-recognition ability for normal-hearing and hearing-impaired listeners.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Describing the consequences of disorders: stuttering and the International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps.

The International Classification of Impairments, Disabilities, and Handicaps (ICIDH) proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO, 1980) can be a useful method for describing the experiences of individuals exhibiting speech and language disorders such as stuttering. Unfortunately, the definitions for the terms impairment, disability, and handicap that were previously presented in the stuttering literature have not accurately represented the true purpose of the ICIDH as a tool for describing the consequences of disorders. This paper reviews the history of these terms in the stuttering literature and proposes alternate definitions that are more consistent with the use of the ICIDH elsewhere in the field of communication disorders, as well as within the health-related professions in general. Based on the ICIDH framework, a model is proposed for discussing the outcomes of various types of stuttering treatments in the context of an individual's experience of the stuttering disorder, and the implications for treatment outcomes research using this framework are discussed.

Persons with Disabilities↗
PubMed1990

The sole source: the Library of Congress National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped.

The Library of Congress National Library Service for the Blind and Physically Handicapped leads a co-operative network of specialized libraries and ancillary agencies that are delivering a successful programme of reading and informational services to blind, visually impaired and handicapped users. Its unique position within the Library of Congress and the benefits which emanate from this relationship are described. This current review outlines and discusses the development, role and functioning of the National Library Service.

Blindness↗
PubMed1994

Job satisfaction of community nurses working with people with a mental handicap.

There is a dearth of studies on the job satisfaction of community nurses, especially those working with people with a mental handicap, in the United Kingdom. This paper reports on some of the data gathered as part of a survey of community nurses (mental handicap) (CNMH) in Northern Ireland in 1992. A 25-item questionnaire was sent to all 50 CNMH. The response rate was 72%. The results showed that most of these CNMH rated their level of satisfaction as high or very high. Additionally, they identified a number of factors which contributed to their job satisfaction and/or dissatisfaction. These findings have implications for theory building, methodology and nursing practice.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Molecular epidemiological study on transmission of tuberculosis in a hospital for mentally handicapped patients in Havana, Cuba.

The IS 6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates has revolutionized the description of the epidemiology of tuberculosis. This technique has been used to confirm suspected cases of transmission in several institutional settings. In this study, we analysed by conventional and molecular epidemiological methods the unexpectedly high number of tuberculosis cases which occurred among 14 mentally handicapped patients and a healthcare worker in Havana's Psychiatric Hospital in the period from 1995 to 1998. Twelve M. tuberculosis isolates of the respective patients showed the same DNA fingerprint, consisting of nine bands. Three other different IS 6110 RFLP patterns with 10, eight, and 10 bands were observed. The results of RFLP analysis and of an additional epidemiological investigation allowed the identification of the probable source of this chain of transmission in the healthcare facility. This would not have been possible without the aid of DNA fingerprinting. Delays in diagnosis of the source patient and of the secondary cases, a tardy and deficient tuberculin skin test and the difficulties of management of mentally handicapped patients probably contributed to spread the M. tuberculosis strain in Havana's Psychiatric Hospital.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Prevalence of visual handicap in the elderly institutionalised population in the Geneva area.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to establish the prevalence of visual impairment in the elderly population in geriatric homes in an urban area. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A sample of 96 patients from 8 geriatric homes ["Etablissements Médico-Sociaux" (EMS)] in the Geneva area were examined. The NEI-VFQ-25 modified questionnaire was used. Visual acuity examination (far and near), contrast visual acuity measurement and enlargement need were administered by low vision trainers. RESULTS: Of the 96 patients 42 % were partially sighted and 3 % blind. Self assessment of visual performance disclosed that 31 % of the patients complained about bad vision but only 12 % were worried about their vision. Cataract, age-related macular degeneration, glaucoma and diabetes were the most frequent diagnosis associated to visual disability. DISCUSSION: The prevalence of the visual handicap in the elderly geriatric population is very high, but most of the patients are neither aware, nor worried about their handicap. This maybe related to associated general health disabling diseases.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMed1999

Functional assessment of the shoulder following latissimus dorsi muscle donation in the handicapped.

The latissimus dorsi muscle, one of the largest muscles in the human body, has gained widespread popularity in microsurgical reconstruction. Because the latissimus serves to adduct and medially rotate the upper extremity, caution in its use has been advocated in handicapped and non-ambulatory patients, although a paucity of information exists in the literature. The purpose of this reported project was to determine whether the loss of the latissimus dorsi could be documented objectively or subjectively, either in the preoperative condition or post-harvesting in the handicapped patients. Two paraplegic patients were studied. Results indicate a lack of objective functional deficit; this includes both the nerve-blocked state and the postoperative condition. In addition, both patients failed to demonstrate the need to change any activities of daily living. This evidence suggests that, although careful decisions must be made on a case-by-case basis, the use of the latissimus dorsi muscle is not necessarily contraindicated in this group of patients.

Abdominal Neoplasms↗
PubMed1990

Neonatal seizures in very preterm and very low birthweight infants: mortality and handicaps at two years of age in a nationwide cohort.

In a nationwide, prospective survey on very preterm and/or very low birthweight infants (less than 32 weeks of gestational age and/or less than 1500 g birthweight) we studied the outcome at the corrected age of two years of children with neonatal seizures. Of the 1338 infants, originally enrolled in the study, 72 had neonatal seizures; of these 44 died and 11 developed a major handicap. Using a multivariate statistical method, a significantly increased risk of death as well as handicap was found in infants with seizures compared to infants without seizures. Nevertheless, 16 of the 28 survivors with neonatal seizures were considered normal at the corrected age of two years.

Gestational Age↗
PubMed1978

New directions in the evaluation and education of handicapped children.

The Education for All Handicapped Children Act of 1975, which went into effect last October, ensures the right of handicapped children to free appropriate public education. State and local education agencies are required to identify, evaluate and provide services for all disabled children. This multibilliondollar program will guarantee special education resources for up to 12 per cent of American children. A role for physicians in the program is implied rather than defined in the law. Their involvement will vary somewhat from state to state, but will at a minimum involve counseling parents whose children are under evaluation. The law assumes a sophistication of diagnostic ability and curriculum design that does not yet exist, and therefore places a special burden upon physicians to deal effectively with patients now, while developing better training programs and assessment tools, and makes essential the enhancement of the communication between doctors and educators.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Handicapped retroviral vectors efficiently transduce foreign genes into hematopoietic stem cells.

Retroviral vectors, designated handicapped, are described. These are genetically defective viruses that allow transfer of nonselectable genes under the transcriptional control of internal promoters. The basic handicapped vector (pHHAM) is derived from Harvey, Abelson, and Moloney murine retroviruses. It contains a 327-base-pair deletion in the 3' long terminal repeat that spans enhancer and promoter sequences. The deletion is successfully transferred to the 5' long terminal repeat after reverse transcription of viral RNA, yielding a provirus incapable of synthesizing viral transcripts. HHAM viruses containing the mouse c-myc gene under the control of immunoglobulin kappa chain gene regulatory elements, along with a selectable gene (neo) driven by a weak promoter (tk), were stably transmitted to cultured mouse B cells. The donor c-myc gene was transcribed from the kappa promoter in these cells. Helper-free virus-producing cell lines were generated at titers favorable for the efficient introduction of HHAM viruses, even without selection, into hematopoietic stem cells from mouse bone marrow. When returned to unirradiated congenic recipient mice, the cells were capable of long-term reconstitution of the myeloid and lymphoid lineages of W/Wv mutants and the lymphoid system of scid mutants.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Nutrient intakes in long-stay mentally handicapped persons.

A study of the dietary intake of 115 male and 217 female mentally handicapped persons aged 15-64 years in five long-stay institutions was carried out using a semi-weighed technique over 4 d. Nineteen per cent of males and 5% of females were classified as being underweight and 15% of males and 27% of females were classified as being obese. The average daily intakes of nutrients were: energy 8.8 MJ, protein 92 g, carbohydrate 218 g, fat 101 g, dietary fibre 18 g, calcium 1024 mg, iron 12.5 mg, vitamin B6 1.4 mg, vitamin B12 10.8 micrograms, ascorbic acid 68 mg. The distribution of energy between protein, carbohydrate and fat was 18, 39 and 43% respectively. Energy intakes were not related to ambulatory status, degree of mental handicap, the level of drug usage or body mass index. Energy intakes varied significantly between hospitals and between the sexes.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2003

Double-blind, randomized, multicenter study comparing the effect of betahistine and flunarizine on the dizziness handicap in patients with recurrent vestibular vertigo.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this double-blind, randomized, multicenter study was to compare the efficacy of betahistine dihydrochloride (BH) and flunarizine (FL) using the Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI), a validated self-assessment questionnaire that has not previously been used in a clinical trial to evaluate antivertigo drugs. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Patients with recurrent vertigo of peripheral vestibular origin and who were severely handicapped by vertigo were randomized to an 8-week course of treatment with oral BH 48 mg daily or oral FL 10 mg daily. The efficacy endpoints were the total DHI score and the physical, functional and emotional subscores. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients completed the study. After 8 weeks of treatment the mean total DHI score and the physical subscore were significantly lower in the BH group compared to the FL group (7.5 and 3.6 points, respectively). The mean total DHI score as well as the three subscores decreased significantly after 4 and 8 weeks in both treatment groups. CONCLUSION: This study showed that at 8 weeks BH is significantly more effective than FL in terms of improving the total DHI score and the physical subscore. It was also established that the DHI is a useful and reliable method for evaluating the efficacy of antivertigo drugs.

Adult↗