Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “FRACTURES”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

An investigation of the contribution of the extraosseous tissues to the diaphyseal fracture callus using a rabbit tibial fracture model.

The contribution of the extraosseous tissues to diaphyseal fracture healing was investigated using a new fracture model. A transverse osteotomy of the tibial diaphysis of 18 New Zealand White rabbits was reamed and nailed, and a 2-cm length of the periosteum was excised from either side of the osteotomy. Healing was studied by radiography and by haematoxylin/eosin histology at intervals over 2 weeks. None of the osteotomies had united at the end of the observation period. Within days, cellular activity was observed in the remnant of the periosteum, which subsequently resulted in cartilage and bone formation. The repair tissue derived from the periosteum advanced in the direction of the osteotomy site. The extraosseous tissues did not appear to contribute significantly to the fracture callus.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

An investigation of the contribution of the extraosseous tissues to the diaphyseal fracture callus using a rabbit tibial fracture model and in situ immunocytochemical localisation of osteocalcin.

The extraosseous tissue contribution to diaphyseal fracture callus has been investigated using a rabbit tibial fracture model and osteocalcin immunocytochemistry. The extraosseous tissues were isolated for study by reaming and nailing an osteotomy and excising 2 cm of periosteum on either side of the osteotomy. Specimens obtained from the healing fractures at 1 and 2 weeks after operation, respectively, were decalcified and stained for osteocalcin, a bone-specific protein, using an indirect immunoperoxidase method. The positively stained osteogenic cells appeared to be derived exclusively from the remnant of the periosteum.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Basal skull fracture with traumatic polycranial neuropathy and occluded left carotid artery: significance of fractures along the course of the carotid artery.

A patient who survived with traumatic multiple cranial nerve palsies and occluded internal carotid artery associated with a basal skull fracture that involved the carotid canal is described. A literature review indicates that a wide variety of injuries can occur to the carotid artery as it passes through a fractured skull base. Basal fractures involving the course of the carotid artery reflect a significant risk of carotid injury.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1985

Transverse fracture of the upper sacrum. Suicidal jumper's fracture.

Thirteen patients with transverse fractures of the upper sacrum were studied to determine fracture anatomy, clinical presentation, and therapeutic approaches. The injury results from falls from a height and is usually associated with suicidal attempts by jumping. The position of the lumbar spine in lordosis or kyphosis at the time of impact determines which of three types of morbid anatomy will result. Because of associated polytrauma, fracture of the upper sacrum is often not recognized in the acute stage, and awareness of the possibility of such injury, especially in the presence of perineal neurologic deficit should result in securing good quality radiographic study, including tomograms. Surgical treatment is often required.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Traumatic atlantal anterior arch fracture with associated avulsion fracture of the transverse ligament attachment: a previously undescribed combined entity.

A case of an atlantal anterior arch burst fracture combined with an avulsion fracture of the transverse ligament attachment is presented. Similar cases have dealt with either isolated transverse ligament ruptures and avulsions or with Jefferson fractures associated with transverse ligament ruptures and avulsions. This case probably represents an entity in the spectrum of injury patterns to the atlanto-axial articulation.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1983

Fracture and fracture separation of the proximal humerus in children: report of 136 cases.

The authors report 136 fractures involving the proximal humerus in children (two-thirds with fractures of the proximal metaphysis, one-third with fractures of the epiphyseal growth plate). Functional and anatomical results are studied in 52 patients with a mean follow-up of 5 years (range 1-18 years). The results are compared with reports in the literature. Usually, treatment should not be operative. Surgical approach in older children with irreducible lesions is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Freeze-fracture cytochemistry: replicas of critical point-dried cells and tissues after fracture-label.

Applications of the new fracture-labeling techniques for the observation of cytochemical labels on platinum-carbon replicas are described. Frozen cells, embedded in a cross-linked protein matrix, and frozen tissues are fractured with a scalpel under liquid nitrogen, thawed, labeled, dehydrated by the critical point drying method, and replicated. This method allows direct, high-resolution, two-dimensional chemical and immunological characterization of the cellular membranes in situ, as well as detection of sites within cross-fractured cytoplasm and extracellular matrix.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Plastic bowing, torus and greenstick supracondylar fractures of the humerus: radiographic clues to obscure fractures of the elbow in children.

The anterior humeral line is a valuable aid in the search for supracondylar fractures in children. When it is abnormal other signs of fracture should be carefully sought. The AHL was normal in only 5.8% of the cases reviewed (4 of 68 cases). There was other evidence of fracture in each case. Comparison of the AHLs on both sides is helpful when the AHL is normal since it may disclose subtle displacement of the line on the affected side. In children younger than 2 1/2 years the AHL may pass through the anterior third of the capitellum due to the small size of the ossification center; in these patients comparison with the opposite side may also be helpful.

Child↗
PubMed1985

Conservative treatment of fractures and fracture-dislocations of the upper end of the humerus.

This paper reports a prospective study of 72 consecutive patients with fractures or fracture-dislocations of the upper end of the humerus, treated during 1981. Most were elderly and treatment was conservative. Of the 72 patients 64 were followed up for a period of six months. Observations were made on the type of fracture, the speed and pattern of recovery of shoulder movements, on the time of commencement of physiotherapy, and on its duration. We found that with conservative treatment alone, 94% of our patients had good or satisfactory results at six months from injury. The criteria for manipulation are discussed and the literature is reviewed.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Low IGF-I levels in hip fracture patients. A comparison of 20 coxarthrotic and 23 hip fracture patients.

We measured total body bone density and body composition with dual energy x-ray absorptiometry in 43 elderly patients, 23 with hip fracture and 20 with coxarthrosis, after surgery and after 6 months. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-I), a polypeptide known to affect bone metabolism, and two of its binding proteins (IGFBP-1, IGFBP-3) were measured preoperatively and after 6 months. Normal serum IGF-I levels are dependent on adequate nutrition and normal secretion of growth hormone (GH). We found consistently lower levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 and a tendency to higher levels of IGFBP-1 in the patients with hip fractures, who also had a lower total body mass, lower fat mass and bone mineral density than the coxarthrosis group, indicating a more catabolic state in the patients with hip fracture, even 6 months after the trauma.

Absorptiometry, Photon↗
PubMed1992

Hawkins type III fracture-dislocation of the talus and diastasis of the tibiofibular joint without concomitant fracture of the malleolei. A case report.

A 23-year-old man injured his foot in a motorcycle accident. Roentgenograms and computed tomography scans demonstrated a Hawkins Type III fracture-dislocation of the talus with a suspected disruption of the anterior tibiofibular ligament. Prompt anatomic reduction of the talus with rigid internal fixation was performed. Intraoperative stress roentgenograms confirmed the presence of a syndesmotic disruption. No cases of this injury have been reported in the literature. When no obvious fracture of the ankle mortise is present in a Hawkins Type III or IV talar fracture-dislocation, care must be taken to fully evaluate the osseous and ligamentous structures of the ankle to rule out an occult injury. Computed tomography scans, stress roentgenograms, intraoperative clinical examination, and direct visual inspection can all be used to aid in this evaluation.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Partial prosthetic replacement of the shoulder in fractures and fracture-dislocations of the proximal humerus.

A total of 48 patients submitted to partial shoulder replacement for fracture and fracture-dislocation of the proximal humerus were evaluated after a mean follow-up of 5.2 years (range 2 to 10 years). The absolute mean Constant score was 57.8, relative score 76.8% and corrected score 80.4%. A mean of 8.8 points were totalled in the Simple Shoulder Test. Out of 45 patients evaluated radiographically, tuberosity consolidation in the anatomical site was evident in 25 shoulders (55%) and the subacromial space appeared to be preserved in 20 shoulders (44%). More than 90% of the patients declared that he or she was satisfied with treatment. A comparative study on subgroups of patients in an attempt to identify the prognostic value of several factors was conducted. Better functional results were obtained in subjects aged under 70 years, in fracture-dislocations, in shoulders with whole rotator cuffs, in patients with dedicated modular prostheses.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Fractures of the scapula: a retrospective study of 40 fractured scapulae.

Forty fractured scapulae in 39 patients treated by nonoperative means were retrospectively reviewed. The nature of injury, associated injuries, site of fracture, and results were evaluated. The data obtained in this series were compared to data from previous studies. Various associated injuries were found in these patients with scapula fractures. Many of these injuries were life threatening although some could have been easily overlooked on initial presentation. Adequate followup was achieved in 67% of the patients. Seventy-three per cent of the patients had good to excellent results using the criteria of subjective complaints, strength, and range of motion. Three of the 39 patients had poor results. These were multiply injured patients or elderly patients in whom early range of motion was not done.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Subcapital fractures after open reduction and internal fixation of intertrochanteric fractures of the hip. Report of three cases.

Three cases of subcapital fractures were discovered after open reduction and internal fixation of intertrochanteric fractures of the hip. These fractures: (1) illustrate devices and methods that contribute to this complication; (2) occur typically in elderly patients with an osteoporotic type of bone; and (3) indicate measures necessary to avoid this complication.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

Slow healing fractures: can they be prevented? (Results of electrical stimulation in fibular osteotomies in rats and in diaphyseal fractures of the tibia in humans).

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the possibility of preventing delayed union in fractures by the use of low-frequency pulsing electromagnetic fields (PEMFs). The study was conducted in two parts, both with control groups. Fibular osteotomies in rats and diaphyseal fractures of the tibia in humans were treated with and without electrical stimulation (PEMF). The rats were sacrificed on the 8th and 23rd days respectively in order to evaluate the histological picture of the repair callus and its mechanical resistance. In the human subjects, the clinical and radiological follow-up took into account various factors known to affect the rate of union in the various fracture groups. The results obtained suggest that PEMF stimulation is capable of accelerating and modulating the physiological process of union by its favourable effect on osteogenesis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

Rarefied femoral neck trabecular patterns, fracture displacement, and femoral head vitality in femoral neck fractures.

Before operation, 99mTc-MDP scintimetry was performed in 103 patients with femoral neck fractures. There was a significant correlation (r = 0.63, p less than .01) between osteoporosis and fracture displacement, but no correlation (r = 0.07, p greater than .01) between femoral neck trabecular bone patterns and femoral head viability and no correlation (r = 0.11, p less than .01) between fracture displacement and femoral head viability.

Female↗
PubMed1984

A plea for judgment in management of thoracolumbar fractures and fracture-dislocations. A reassessment of surgical indications.

Until basic knowledge of fracture anatomy and stability includes experiments with comminuted anterior column injuries, posterior column injuries, and these injuries in combination with ligament and capsular injuries, and until the long-term implications of the long fusion in an otherwise healthy patient are fully known, clinicians making decisions about individual patients must assemble all the variables that bear on the patient's ability to heal and become fully functional again before making a decision about surgical stabilization of the thoracolumbar fracture. An assessment of plain roentgenograms, tomograms, and CAT scans and an understanding of the anatomy of the fracture site provide essential but insufficient data for clinical decisions about patients.

Fracture Fixation, Internal↗
PubMed1995

Fractures of the tibial plafond. Evolving treatment concepts for the pilon fracture.

Pilon fractures represent a most difficult challenge to the orthopedist. Assessment of the degree of energy causing the fracture and careful planning of the joint reconstruction will lead to acceptable results in most cases. High-energy pilon fractures should be treated with great care and respect because the risk of complications is high and the likelihood of a good functional ankle is less predictable. Detailed and individualized postoperative care coupled with a knowledge of salvage procedures, should complications develop, are needed to treat the full spectrum of pilon injuries.

Ankle Injuries↗