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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Penetrating injuries of the face.

We reviewed 78 consecutive cases of penetrating facial injuries treated at Ben Taub General Hospital in Houston, Texas, between 1992 and 1994, and we analyzed injury patterns on the basis of (1) the mechanism of injury, and (2) the entry zone of the wounds. We found that gunshot wounds were more likely to require emergent airway establishment than shotgun wounds or stab wounds (p = 0.03). We noted a higher prevalence of globe injury among shotgun wounds than among gunshot wounds (p = 0.02). Nine (12%) patients had intracranial penetration of a bullet or shotgun pellet. Patients with gunshot wounds required open reduction and internal fixation of facial bone fractures more frequently than patients with shotgun wounds (p = 0.01). Thirty patients underwent arteriograms, and 10 demonstrated positive findings. Although there were only 3 deaths in our series, 29 (37%) patients overall had some complication caused by their penetrating facial trauma, including blindness in 12 patients. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of complications between gunshot, shotgun, and stab wounds (p = 0.18). With these injury patterns in mind, we describe an algorithm for evaluation and management of penetrating injuries of the face.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Head and facial injuries after low-speed motor-cycle accidents.

In the United Kingdom there appears to be little available information concerning the prevalence and the patterns of head and of facial injuries sustained in road traffic accidents by motorcyclists wearing protective helmets. The present preliminary survey was of 56 accidents in urban traffic. 50 per cent of surviving motor-cyclists incurred head injuries. Soft tissue facial wounds were sustained by 38 per cent and fractures of facial bone and teeth by 11 per cent of the injured. The majority of the accidents occurred at speeds of 30 m.p.h. or less to riders of machines of small cubic capacity. Motor-cyclists wearing open-face style helmets had more facial damage after accidents than those wearing full-face style helmets. The results of the survey suggest the need for research into the degree of protection against head and facial injuries offered by the various helmet styles and their constituent materials.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed2003

Anatomical relevance of some acupuncture points in the head and neck region that dictate medical or dental application depending on depth of needle insertion.

Many of the acupuncture points on the face, according to classic acupuncture textbooks, could be used to treat facial pain, paralysis, and toothache. But it is not specified which acupuncture point would be effective for which tooth. Many of these points, when used for the treatment of dental pain, often fail. From an anatomical point of view, we describe which acupuncture point to use for each specific area for effective treatment of dental pain. Also, we emphasize the importance of the depth of needle insertion, especially the necessity to touch the facial bone, for effective pain treatment. When performed properly, acupuncture can be very effective for relief of dental pain.

Acupuncture Analgesia↗
PubMed1996

Developmental expression of the Fac gene correlates with congenital defects in Fanconi anemia patients.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is a genetically heterogeneous, autosomal recessive disorder characterized by a variety of congenital and skeletal malformations, progressive pancytopaenia and predisposition to malignancies. While the basic defect in this disease is not known, the cloning of the gene defective in FA group C patients (FAC) allows analysis of its expression pattern, which may provide clues about the functional properties of the protein. This paper describes the distribution of Fac transcripts during murine development (8-19.5 days p.c.), using RNA in situ hybridization. Fac is initially expressed (8-10 days p.c.) in the mesenchyme and its derivatives with osteogenic potential. The transcript is also apparent at later stages of bone development (13-19.5 days p.c.), localized to cells of the inner perichondrium, periosteum and zone of endochondral ossification. In the latter, Fac transcripts are seen in cells from both osteogenic and hematopoietic lineages. Fac mRNA is also seen in intramembranous cranial and facial bones. In addition, Fac signal is detected in non-skeletal tissues: brain, whisker follicles, lung, kidney, gut and stomach. Fac expression is high in progenitor cell populations but is downregulated in differentiating cells that give rise to connective tissue. The pattern of Fac expression is consistent with the skeletal and non-skeletal congenital abnormalities in FA patients. As well, expression in rapidly dividing progenitors is consistent with hypotheses regarding the nature of the basic defect in FA: a role of the protein in DNA repair or protection from oxygen toxicity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Simplified protocol for management of malar fractures.

Our simplified protocol for the management of malar complex fractures of facial bones has shortened the operating time by one third to one fourth, produced consistent, satisfactory results, and reduced intraoperative and postoperative complications. In addition, with moderate training of residents, it has been installed as the primary method of treatment of this type of facial fracture in a residency training program that has a heavy load of these patients.

Fracture Fixation, Internal↗
PubMed1988

[Thalassemia today. The radiologic evolution of lesions of the skull and hand with reference to transfusion therapy].

The main abnormalities of the hand and skull in a group of patients who underwent hypertransfusion regimen were reviewed and compared to the lesions observed in a control group of low-transfused patients. The results are reported, and a possible correlation with transfusion regimen is discussed: since bone lesions are explained on the basis of relationship between proliferating bone marrow and bone cortex, hypertransfusion regimen will prevent the development of abnormalities, only if established early in life. For this reason, skeletal lesions in Cooley's anaemia have changed their "classical" radiographic patterns. In the skull, the diploic space may become normal, and the overgrowth of facial bones moderate; the pneumatization of paranasal sinuses may not be completely impeded by the swelling of the jaws, the "hair-brush" pattern may disappear completely. The normalized picture of the hand is and remains a typical differential sign of prepuberal and adult patients.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor-induced rickets.

We describe two prepubertal girls with oncogenic rickets. The first patient, 9 years of age, presented with recent-onset lower-extremity pain. The second girl, presented at 4 years of age following a 9-month period of muscle weakness, bone pain, and poor linear growth. Laboratory analyses in both patients revealed hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphaturia; elevated circulating alkaline phosphatase activity was present in one of them. Radiographic evidence of a generalized rachitic process was evident in both cases. Computerized tomography of the paranasal sinuses and facial bones in patient 1 revealed a small lesion eroding through the inner table of the left mandibular ramus. Microscopic examination of this mass revealed a spindle cell neoplasm with chondroid material, dystrophic calcification, and both osteoclast-like and fibroblast-like cells. Prominent vascularity and marked atypia were present. These features are consistent with a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of the mixed connective tissue variant. In the second patient, computerized tomography revealed a lytic lesion located in the right proximal tibia, with histologic features consistent with a phosphaturic mesenchymal tumor of the nonossifying fibroma-like variant. Resection of each tumor resulted in rapid correction of the phosphaturia and healing of the rachitic abnormalities. A careful search for small or occult tumors should be carried out in cases of acquired phosphaturic rickets.

Bone Neoplasms↗
PubMed2004

Primary intraosseous (central) salivary gland neoplasms in jaw bones: report of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the mandible diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration cytology.

A case of intraosseous (central) mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the mandible diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology, with the diagnosis confirmed by surgical resection of the tumor is presented. Mucoepidermoid carcinoma is the most common histotype of malignant and benign salivary gland tumors, which occasionally arise within the facial bones of mandible and maxilla, besides their ordinary derivation from the major and minor salivary glands of the head and neck regions. This case is unusual in that although tumors of the jaws abound, only rare reports of intraosseous salivary gland-type lesions sampled by FNA exist. The current concepts exploring the intraosseous derivation of salivary gland tumors are presented and certain points on FNA technic for adequate sampling of such lesions are related.

Biopsy, Fine-Needle↗