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PubMedDate not supplied

Mandibular endodontic-related paresthesia.

A 57-year-old woman sought treatment for mandibular swelling (of two weeks duration), pain, and paresthesia in the region of the left canine and first premolar. The teeth had undergone endodontic therapy; in addition, they partially supported a long-span fixed partial denture. The patient was concerned about the possibility of a serious neoplastic condition. The initial panoramic radiograph demonstrated a large periapical pathology area associated with the first premolar. Eventually, both the canine and first premolar teeth were retreated, although the paresthesia did not resolve for approximately four months. A brief review of endodontic-associated paresthesia is provided, along with a description of the therapy and postoperative radiographs taken 20 months later.

Bicuspid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Treatment planning considerations for the endodontically compromised tooth.

Recent advances in microendodontic procedures have dramatically enhanced our ability to successfully retreat most endodontic failures, either surgically or nonsurgically. Ironically, this comes at a time when we are seeing an increasing tendency to forego heroic endodontic procedures in favor of a single-tooth implant. While an implant has proved to be a reliable replacement for a missing tooth, it should not be considered the true equivalent of a functional natural tooth. Whenever the possibility of retaining a functional tooth exists, it should be considered seriously before an ultimate decision is made.

Decision Making↗
PubMed2004

Effects of bonded composites vs. amalgam on resistance to cuspal deflection for endodontically-treated premolar teeth.

PURPOSE: To determine, by means of a non-destructive experimental procedure, the extent to which tooth cusps are weakened by endodontic procedures and the effectiveness of adhesive bonding restoration in reducing cuspal deflection as a function of different restorative procedures. METHODS: A mechanically controlled loading device induced cuspal deflection by axial force (range 98-294 N) on an occlusal surface while LTS laser twin sensors registered the amount of deflection. Cusp deflection values, in microns, were recorded for each tooth. Thirty sound maxillary premolars teeth were sequentially evaluated in the following conditions: A) intact tooth; B) completion of endodontic and restorative procedures. Teeth were randomly divided into five groups and restored respectively with: A) amalgam (Dispersalloy); B) Spectrum TPH; C) Surefil; D) Esthet-X; E) Esthet-X + Dyract Flow. RESULTS: The average loading force needed to induce 1 microm cusp deflection was evaluated, for all groups, in intact teeth (range 49.52-58.76 N/microm) and in restored teeth (range 8.56 - 47.05 N/microm). Statistical analysis (ANOVA for repeated measures) has been performed. Mean structural recovery values after restorative treatment were 17% with amalgam, 60% with Spectrum TPH, 59% with SureFil, 54% with Esthet-X, and 99% with Esthet-X/Dyract.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Medications and temporaries in endodontic treatment.

We have attempted to present in this article an overview of the medications used as intracanal dressings during root canal treatment and the materials used to seal endodontic access preparations. Because all the medications reviewed have an antimicrobial effect (with the exception of steroids), they seemingly would be useful in root canal treatment. However, the potentially harmful side effects of the chemical agents, which include cytotoxicity and antigenicity, may make the treatment worse than the cure. With an improved understanding of the principles of root canal cleaning, strong medications placed into canals may be unnecessary. At best, intracanal dressings should be used only in situations that might benefit from such therapy. Temporary restoration of endodontically treated teeth is an essential part of root canal therapy. Commonly used materials and techniques for their uses have been presented. With proper temporization and timely final restoration, the potential for coronal microleakage will be minimized.

Dental Cements↗
PubMed2005

Microleakage of endodontically treated teeth restored with prefabricated posts and tooth-colored restorative materials.

This study evaluated the microleakage of endodontically treated teeth restored with prefabricated dowels and tooth-colored restoratives (Solitaire, Surefil, Filtek P60, Admira, Z-100) as core materials with and without the use of a flowable composite liner. A total of 200 extracted premolars were endodontically treated and prepared for post-core restorations. Prefabricated posts were inserted and cemented with resin cement into the root canals. Each resin system included the corresponding bonding agent for each respective flowable composite. For each group, half of the teeth were restored with composite alone, while the others were restored with the composite lined with flowable liner. Teeth were thermocycled for 1,000 cycles between 5 and 55 degrees C using a 30-second dwell time. The teeth were then coated with nail polish, placed in 5% methylene blue for 24 hours, sectioned, and scored for microleakage. Flowable liners reduced microleakage. Z-100 both with and without flowable liner demonstrated better resistance to leakage. Solitaire, Admira, and Filtek P60 showed more leakage than the other materials.

Bicuspid↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Randomized clinical comparison of endodontically treated teeth restored with amalgam or with fiber posts and resin composite: five-year results.

Prospective clinical studies comparing the results of different types of restorations of endodontically treated teeth are lacking. This study compared the clinical success rate of endodontically treated premolars restored with fiber posts and direct composite to the restorations of premolars using amalgam. Premolars with Class II carious lesions were selected and randomly assigned to one of two experimental groups: (1) restoration with amalgam or (2) restoration with fiber posts and composite. One hundred and nine teeth were included in Group 1 and 110 in Group 2. Patients were recalled after 1, 3 and 5 years. No statistically significant difference was found between the proportion of failed teeth in the two experimental groups. Significant differences were observed between the proportion of root fractures (p=0.029) and caries (p=0.047), with more root fractures and less caries observed in the teeth restored with amalgam at the five-year recall. Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that restorations with fiber posts and composite were found to be more effective than amalgam in preventing root fractures but less effective in preventing secondary caries.

Adult↗
PubMed2005

Low carb endodontics.

The field of endodontics has seen great technological advances and changes in thought processes over the last decade. Unfortunately, with these advances and changes has come an overload of information (too many carbs!). This article will help to reduce your intake of carbohydrate information and provide you with what you need to know about conventional endodontic treatment.

Dental Pulp Diseases↗
PubMed2005

[Endodontic surgery (apicoectomy)--success rate of more than 90% using dental operating microscope and ultrasonic tips].

The main cause of root canal treatment failure is presence of bacteria in the root canal. Surgical endodontic retreatment is indicated as a valuable treatment choice for failed endodontic treatment. The aim of the article is to describe the advantages of a new technique for apicoectomy using dental operating microscope and ultrasonic tips in comparison to the traditional technique. Precise root end resection with minimal or no bevel and accurate preparation of the root end cavity to the depth of 3-4 mm allows minimal bone removal and reduces procedural accidents such as perforation of the lingual canal wall. Zink oxide eugenol based materials allow sealing of the retrograde preparation adequately to prevent bacteria and toxins to penetrate the periradicular tissues. Literature review demonstrates success rate to above 90% when employing dental operating microscope and ultrasonic tips for retrograde cavity preparation.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed2005

Endodontic synchronicity.

This article examines a new rotary technique in endodontic instrumentation and stresses the importance of adhering to basic principles. Straight line access and its clinical implication to endodontic success is reviewed. A new system of nickel titanium rotary instruments that uses a reamer design (EndoSequence) is introduced and its associated design features are thoroughly discussed. A step-by-step description of the clinical application of this new methodology is presented.

Dental Instruments↗
PubMed2005

[Effects of the method of mechanical root canal treatment on emergence of pain after endodontic management].

For assessment of tooth canal mechanical preparation method influence upon frequency of pain emergence after endodontic treatment, laboratory and clinical evaluation of sound tools of the Sonic system, ultrasound tools of the Satelec Suprasson system, full-wind tools of Pro Taper and System GT as well as handy K-files was performed. It was found that the least risk of pain emergence after endodontic treatment occurs with tooth canal widening by CrownDown technique because in this case the minimal amount of canal preparation products are educted into periodontal tissues.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

Evaluation of the CO2 laser for endodontic root apex welding.

A low-wattage carbon dioxide laser was tested as a means of welding (sealing) the apices of unfilled, endodontically prepared teeth. Thirty-five teeth were filed and lased using a variety of power settings. Apical seals were examined microscopically, radiographically, and mechanically for complete welds. Accurately directed laser exposures of 15 or more watts with a 0.5 second duration will completely seal the apical openings of anterior teeth. The ideal treatment for endodontically compromised teeth has always been a completely sealed tooth apex. Usually amalgam, gutta-percha, or resin sealers are used after a lengthy and tedious preparation of the exposed root area. The carbon dioxide laser is designed for soft tissue dental surgery but is capable of melting enamel and dentin which recrystallizes in a dense solid as it cools (fig. 1). The laser, with its potential for accurately delivering a great quantity of energy to a small, exposed surface, appears to be an excellent tool for quick, direct sealing of open apices. This paper will investigate the practicality and best methods of spot welding root apices.

Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

An evaluation of glass ionomer-based restorative materials as temporary restorations in endodontics.

This article compares five restorative materials used to coronally seal endodontically treated teeth against bacterial leakage. Sixty extracted human premolars were used in this study. Access cavities were prepared and restored with one of the five materials. The restored teeth were placed between the top chamber at the coronal end and a bottom chamber at the apical end. The tooth-tubing mounts were aseptically sealed to glass vials containing sterile broth. The top chambers were filled with an inoculum of broth containing Streptococcus mutans bacteria. The bottom chambers were checked daily for turbidity, indicating leakage of the restorative material and bacterial growth; if the bottom chamber was turbid, the date was recorded. The experiment was conducted for 30 days. The results of this in vitro study indicate that glass ionomer and resin-modified glass ionomer restorative materials provide a better coronal seal against Streptococcus mutans than zinc oxide/eugenol in endodontic access cavities.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2006

[Biomechanical study of restorations of medial-occlusal cavities of endodontically treated premolars].

OBJECTIVE: To compare the different restorations of endodontically treated premolars, and to choose the best method. METHODS: 10 pairs of symmetry maxillary first premolars were collected from 10 patients, and randomly divided into 2 groups. Every pair received different treatment accordingly. The test group was set up the medial-occlusal cavities model under the same standard. The 10 pairs teeth were test by instron 4302 universal test machine in speed of 1.00 mm/min until broken up and the top load was recorded. The load angle was 45 degree to the long axis of the teeth, as the load was pointed to the middle of the lingual surface on the buccal cusp. The records were analyzed by paired samples t test. RESULTS: Based on the medial-occlusal cavities, the fracture strength of the full crowned teeth was lower than the full natural teeth, and the fracture strength of the post-crowned teeth was higher than the full natural teeth. CONCLUSION: From the point of biomechanics, the different trauma of the endodontically treated teeth fits to different restorations. The medial-occlusion cavities fit the post-crown restoration mostly.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2006

The use of mineral trioxide aggregate in endodontics.

UNLABELLED: Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), composed mainly of tricalcic silicate, tricalcic alluminate, bismuth oxide, is a particular endodontic cement. It is made of hydrophilic fine particles that harden in the presence of dampness or blood. It is biocompatible, radiopaque and it is harder to infiltrate, compared to classic materials for root filling such as amalgam, cements, Super-EBA, and IRM. and SEM studies of sections and copies in resin of root neoapices filled with amalgam, IRM, Super-EBA and MTA, as well as tests of microinfiltration have shown that MTA has excellent sealing capacities. It requires a working time of about 5 min and a hardening time that varies from 2 h and 45 min to 4 h according to the density of the air entrapped during mixing and the dampness of the receiving site. The long hardening time reduces internal tensions and the incidence of marginal infiltration, but it forces to definitively fill the tooth in the following sitting, with an interval of at least 3 days from the MTA application. Clinical experience shows how MTA is a material of choice in cases not only of endodontic surgery, apicectomy and retrograde filling but also in the sealing filling of perforations of the pulp chamber and of the root, stripping, internal reabsorptions, readaptations, lacerations, and apical transports. It has been used with success also in direct cappings and in apexifications instead of calcium hydroxide, leading to quicker therapies and more predictable RESULTS: The authors outline the operative phases of the different treatments proposed, make a survey of the most important studies published so far and hope that a new sealing cement with more reduced hardening times will soon be available.

Aluminum Compounds↗
PubMed2006

[Vertical root fractures in endodontically treated teeth part I: clinical and radiographic diagnosis].

A correct and quick diagnosis of endodontically treated vertically fractured teeth is important for two main reasons: (1) the differential diagnosis between the clinical and radiographic appearance of periodontal disease and endodontic failures, and (2) the delay in making the correct diagnosis will result in rapid loss of supporting bone, especially on the buccal side. Typical clinical signs in the maxillary and mandibular premolars and mesial root of the mandibular molars, which are the most susceptible roots and teeth, for fracture are a highly located sinus tract and a deep bony defect along the root facing the fracture line. In the maxillary and mandibular premolars and the mesial root of mandibular molars, typical bony radiolucencies are the halo, vertical and periodontal types. Radiolucency in the bifurcation was typical in vertical root fractures of mandibular molars.

Humans↗
PubMed2006

Simplifying endodontics with EndoSequence rotary instrumentation.

Endodontics has begun to take advantage of the scientific improvements touching other aspects of dental care. Precision instrumentation allows the practitioner to develop better instrumented canals, making obturation easier and more predictable. Treatment predictability from precision-based instrumentation has allowed a leap forward in how we provide endodontic therapy.

Dental Alloys↗
PubMed2005

[Premolar anatomy and endodontic treatment].

Endodontic failures on premolars are statistically important. This is mainly due to insufficient knowledge of the typical anatomical diversity shown by premolars. Filling a second root canal is often omitted. Completely treating a complicated root canal system is technically quite difficult which results in a relatively high level of endodontic failure. There are not only the classical technical problems to deal with: calcification of the root canals and delicate probing, given the frequently bent and twisted premolar roots; special attention should also be given to upper premolars with three root canals and those showing a high bifurcation of a principal root canal (configuration IV), and to lower premolars with multiple root canals often showing configuration IV. An additional problem associated with the second lower premolars is a hazardous anatomical zone: the mandibular vasculonervous plexus of the chin.

Bicuspid↗
PubMed2005

[Comparison of calcium hydroxide and chlorhexidine as intracanal medications in endodontics: review of the literature].

Calcium hydroxide has found its use in endodontic treatments. On the other hand, chlorhexidine is more and more proposedfor uses in clinical endodontics. Could chlorhexidine surpass calcium hydroxide and what are the benefits of chlorhexidine? This literature overview concludes that both medications are useful and that further studies are necessary before chosing one above the other.

Bacteria↗