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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Eye diseases in sleep apnea syndrome].

Sleep apnea syndrome is characterized by recurrent complete or partial upper airway obstructions during sleep and recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Several eye diseases have been associated with sleep apnea syndrome. Due to floppy eyelids often a chronic conjunctivitis occurs. A leaking mask used for apnea treatment may also induce a conjunctivitis. The lids may show an upper lid ptosis, lower lid ectropium, blepharochalasis, or trichiasis. Corneal findings include infectious keratitis, dry eye, recurrent erosion, keratoconus, and progressive endotheliopathy. Several optic neuropathies also seem to be associated with sleep apnea syndrome.

Blepharoptosis↗
PubMed2002

Complications and adverse reactions with the use of botulinum toxin.

Botulinum toxins are the causative agents of the severe food-borne illness botulism. With lethal doses approximating 10(-9) g/kg body weight, these neurotoxins represent some of the most toxic naturally occurring substances. Regardless, botulinum toxin is considered a safe therapy for inappropriate muscle spasms with adverse effects being typically self-limited. This article deals with some of the complications that have occurred with these treatments. The greatest concern with the use of BOTOX is probably the formation of blocking antibodies leading to nonresponse of subsequent treatment. Prevalence of resistance is less than 5%. Most complications associated with its aesthetic use are few and anecdotal. Nevertheless, the common problems and pitfalls associated with aesthetic treatment of the various areas of the face and neck with botulinum toxin are discussed. Also included are recommendations as to how to avoid these very undesirable, yet common, problems.

Blepharoptosis↗
PubMed2002

Rehabilitation of the paralysed or lax lower eyelid using a graft of conchal cartilage.

Excessive laxity of the tarso-ligamentous sling of the lower eyelid may be caused by inadequate muscular support (resulting from injury to the muscle, facial palsy or senile degeneration) or prolonged mechanical distension (exophthalmia). Numerous techniques have been devised for functional reconstruction of the distended lower eyelid, based upon the principle that restoring the lower eyelid to its anatomical position will improve lacrimal transit andre-establish its natural protective function. We now use an autologous conchal cartilage graft to treat the distended or atonic lower eyelid. We review our results in a retrospective study of 20 patients, and aim to identify the indications for this procedure and to evaluate its advantages and disadvantages relative to other existing methods. All of our patients reported functional improvement after the operation in terms of decreased dry-eye symptoms, less epiphora and a decline in keratitis and conjunctivitis. All patients also reported a visible cosmetic improvement postoperatively. The major drawback of this operation is the partial loss of the visual field when looking down, due to the limited lowering of the lower eyelid. The stability of our results compares favourably with that achieved using other currently available techniques. We conclude that autologous conchal cartilage grafting is an effective procedure for improving both the function and the appearance of the atonic lower eyelid.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

[The value of various techniques for esthetic correction of the lower eyelid].

Blepharoplasties are amongst the most commonly performed aesthetic procedures. Various lower blepharoplasty techniques have been described in the literature. Often, value and appropriate indication for each individual technique have not been sufficiently delineated. The recent renaissance of the transconjunctival blepharoplasty allowed the evolution of new and safe procedures for correction of the lower lid. Additionally, the technique of resection of the herniated orbital fat underwent certain improvements. The aim of this article is to describe the currently utilized surgical techniques and to discuss their indications.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2000

[Operation of the floppy eyelid. Symptomatic cases require surgical eyelid stabilization].

BACKGROUND: Floppy Eyelid is a rare condition causing chronic papillary conjunctivitis and chronic corneal disorders (superficial punctate keratitis, epithelial and stromal ulcers). It is characterized by an extremely enlarged and "floppy" upper eyelid which can be easily everted by slight elevation. Usually obese men are affected who use to sleep face down either on the right or on the left side. Pushing the eyelid against the pillow, the lid is intermittently everted at sleep. This lagophthalmus with rubbing of the exposed eye and lid structures causes all pathologic disorders. Shielding the eye at night may help temporarily. PATIENTS: We performed surgery on 7 men with symptomatic floppy eyelid in the age of 42 to 61 years. The patients had been symptomatic between 1 month and 4 years prior to the definite diagnosis. Follow-up time has been 7 months to 4.5 years. RESULTS: In all cases surgery achieved improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Cases of unclear conjunctival or corneal damage and inflammation should led consider Floppy Eyelid as a possible cause. The typical clinical findings make diagnosis easy. As complete stopping of eyelid-rubbing by changing the patient's sleeping habits is mostly not easily possible, for acute therapy of threatening damages to cornea and conjunctiva a surgical shortening of the lid is necessary which stabilizes the lid in order to avoid nightly spontaneous eversion for a long time.

Adult↗
PubMed2000

The SOOF lift as an adjunct in rehabilitation of facial paralysis: help or hype?

Rehabilitation of the midface in chronic facial paralysis is one of the last frontiers in global facial reanimation. The suborbicularis oculi fat pad lift, or SOOF lift, also known as the midface lift, has been popularized in aesthetic surgery literature as a way to restore midface fullness with a youthful appearance while eliminating midface sag associated with aging. These techniques of midface aesthetic rejuvenation have recently been applied in cases of chronic facial paralysis. This article analyzes the role of the midface lift or SOOF lift in cases of facial reanimation and determines whether or not it is of benefit to patients affected by chronic facial paralysis.

Adipose Tissue↗
PubMed2006

[Strategical approach for the treatment of the horizontal laxity of the lower lid].

Horizontal laxity of the lower lid is often unrecognized and leads to a wrong treatment. The proper analysis of periorbital anatomy is most important to identify the pathophysiology in each case. Typically, the lateral canthal tendon becomes lax, resulting in eyelid malpositions. The mainstay of treatment includes tightening of either the inferior crus of the lateral canthal tendon or repositioning the entire lateral canthal tendon. The types of procedure performed will be reviewed in detail. The evaluation of the tarsal strip and the lateral dermal orbicular pennant flap as unique reconstructive tools and as adjuncts to aesthetic surgery will be discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[Painless infiltration anesthesia in eyelid surgery. An intraindividual randomized prospective study].

BACKGROUND: Local anesthetic infiltration before lid surgery causes pain of varying degrees. To reduce the patient discomfort we have tested the effect of an initial injection of deluted anesthetic prior to the infiltration anesthesia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: During August 1993 and April 1994 thirteen patients, 21 to 81 years of age had bilateral lid surgery (4 female; 9 male). Two injection techniques were studied in disease patients intraindividually. Part of the local anesthetic was deluted 1:10 with saline and initially injected on one side only. Three minutes later infiltration with 2-5 ml of full-strength 2% mepivacaine with adrenaline 1:200,000 was performed on both sides. Obvious signs of pain were documented and patients were questioned about their discomfort (score 0-3). RESULTS: Five patients were operated for bilateral ectropium (lateral canthal sling procedure 4, Lazy-T 1), seven patients for dermatochalasis and one patient for brow ptosis. All thirteen patients ranked the technique with the initial injection of deluted local anesthetic significantly less painful. 9 of 13 patients had painless local anesthetic infiltration. Only 4 patients reported minor discomfort during injection of the diluted anesthetic. Onset time and duration of anesthesia was identical in both groups. CONCLUSION: The initial injection of a 1:10 diluted local anesthetic allows a significant reduction of pain during infiltration anesthesia before lidsurgical procedures. While pH buffering with bicarbonate may cause permanent skin pigmentation, dilution with physiological saline is an effective and inexpensive alternative. With this technique even in children local anesthesia becomes possible.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Synthetic skin replacement for temporary wound coverage in eyelid surgery].

BACKGROUND: Large uncovered defects of lid-skin which extend beyond the margin of the orbital rim frequently cause wound contracture and malposition of the lid. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between April 1989 and October 1992 we have successfully used synthetic skin in severe cases of traumatic skin ablation (n = 3) and in complicated tumor surgery of the lids and of the medial canthal area (n = 14). Polyurethan foam material was used for temporary skin replacement (Epigard). RESULTS: The synthetic skin stimulated wound granulation and vascularization of the host area before final closure of the defect was achieved. No wound contracture occurred. CONCLUSION: Temporary bandage with synthetic skin is recommended if large skin defects can not be closed within 48 hours.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

[Floppy eyelid syndrome: light and electron microscopy studies].

A 60-year-old patient with "Floppy Eyelid" syndrome was treated by wedge-shaped lid resection. The excised tissue was studied by light and electron microscopy. Apart from the signs of chronic inflammation already described no abnormality was found in the ultrastructure or distribution of the collagen and elastic fibers of the tarsus.

Blepharoptosis↗
PubMed1984

[Syndrome of the flaccid eyelid (floppy eyelid syndrome].

Three patients with increasing swelling of the lateral half of the upper lid associated with chronic papillary conjunctivitis which did not respond to therapy were observed. The history, clinical findings, keratinized epithelial cells in the scrapings and the therapeutic success with a protective shield over night suggested the diagnosis of floppy eyelid syndrome.

Chronic Disease↗