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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Multiprocessing computer system for sensory evoked potentials and EEG spectral analysis for clinical neurophysiology laboratory.

A general-purpose minicomputer has been adapted and interfaced for the averaging and analysis of clinical evoked potentials and for compressed spectral arrays (CSA) of the routine EEG. In the first 2 years of operation, over 1,000 routine clinical studies of visual evoked potentials (VEP) and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (BAEP) have been performed with it, as well as over 100 CSAs and a variety of special and research studies. The CSA modality gives comparative frequency-domain pictures of left and right hemisphere power. An attached graphics terminal gives a live cumulative display of the EP and CSA. In addition, the system has automated and comprehensive physician-interactive graphics analysis and report generation capabilities. The reports are finalized versions used in the patient's chart, minimizing clerical efforts.

Brain Stem↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A computer system for timing and acoustical analysis of crackles: a study in cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis.

A system for recording and processing lung crackles is described. These are detected by a microphone on the chest wall and recorded simultaneously with flow rate, tidal volume and oesophageal pressure on a four-channel tape recorder. The sound signal is subsequently digitized by an analog-to-digital converter and processed by a minicomputer, using the Time Series Language and the fast Fourier transform algorithm. A preliminary study on seven patients with cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis (CFA) confirms that crackles typically occur at the end of inspiration; timing seems to be well related to inspired volume and esophageal pressure. Inspiratory crackles of CFA have a well-defined waveform: it consists of a starting component and a damped oscillation, which probably depends on the resonant frequency of the lung. The crackle energy content is mainly concentrated in the frequency range between 100 and 2 000 Hz, the spectrum shape being determined by the energy distribution between the two components of the waveform. This recording and processing system gives more complete information about crackles than auscultation does, allowing their quantification and reproducibility. It may be used to compare crackles in different diseases, and may be simplified and standardized for routine clinical use as an additional noninvasive diagnostic technique.

Acoustics↗
PubMed2000

[Pre-partum cardiotocography: comparison between the traditional and the computed systems].

The objective of our study was to determine the usefulness of a computerized antepartum fetal heart rate (FHR) analysis instead of the common visual evaluation of cardiotocographic parameters. From a total of 4,000 antepartum FHR tracings performed in our institute in the years 1994-1996, and analyzed on-line by the software HP 2CTG, 100 were visually assessed by five physicians in three different moments. To each reader a qualitative and quantitative interpretation was required. With use of k coefficient, we have analyzed the differences in observer's qualitative interpretation, then, with use of the intraclass correlation coefficient (RINTRA) and the contingency table X2 we have compared the quantitative analysis with that of the computer. Our results show that variability is the most difficult parameter to interpret, so that the interobserver agreement isn't in anyway sufficient (k 0.43). The agreement between observers on the clinical judgment of the FHR traces proves to be low (k 0.54). The agreement between each of the observers and the computer readings is good for the estimation of the FHR (RINTRA between 0.96 e 0.98) and low for the mean term variability (RINTRA between 0.81 and 0.58). There is a valuable agreement with the computer for tracings with 0 or 1 large acceleration (94.7% and 97.5% respectively), but it is significantly poorer (p < 0.001) for tracings with 0 or 1 small acceleration (57.4% and 50.8% respectively). Decelerations are the most difficult pattern of interpretation. Usually observers do not identify 36% of the FHR traces having at least one deceleration according to computer analysis. Our study confirms the wide variability in fetal monitoring interpretation, a difficulty which can be overcome thanks to a computerized analysis.

Cardiotocography↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Separation of motile spermatozoa by "Separon" as measured by a videomicrography computer system].

By means of a recently developed apparatus ("Separon") motile spermatozoa were concentrated in a small volume of culture medium (0,3 ml). Sperm concentration, progressive motility and mean velocity of 60 ejaculates were determined by a computerized videomicrography system. After "Separon" sperm concentration was reduced in an average of 30%, mean progressive motility was increased from 27% to 42% (asthenospermic ejaculates) and from 45% to 84% (control ejaculates) respectively. Mean sperm velocity was increased from 18,5 to 34,5 microns/sec. (control ejaculates).

Cell Separation↗
PubMed1995

Specifying dual-detector gamma cameras and associated computer systems.

Increasingly, dual-detector gamma cameras are being purchased as replacements for single-headed cameras. The improvement in sensitivity offered by a dual-detector device can be used in several ways: to shorten acquisition times, to improve signal-to-noise ratios, or to reduce administered doses. This paper focuses on the practical aspects of dual-headed devices and aims to provide some guidance for potential purchasers in the drawing up of an equipment specification.

Computers↗
PubMed2002

Computer system "gene discovery" for promoter structure analysis.

This paper presents implementation of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery techniques for searching for regularities in tables of context features of DNA sequences involved in regulation of transcription. The goal is to discover regularities that relate nucleotide sequences to the functional classes of these sequences. The search patterns for regularities have been constructed in the first-order logic augmented by probabilistic estimates. To this aim. the PC software system "Gene Discovery" has been designed. This system accepts molecular-genetical data retrieved from a database by using SQL queries. Nucleotide sequences of promoters of several functional systems were extracted from the TRRD database (http://wwwmgs.bionet.nsc.ru/mgs/gnw/trrd/) and analysed. The data include nucleotide sequences of erythroid-specific gene promoters, endocrine system gene promoters, promoter regions of the genes controlling cell cycle, promoter of genes regulating lipid metabolism, and muscle-specific gene promoters. Several regularities that relate the nucleotide sequences in the regulatory DNA and their location relative to the transcription start with each functional class have been found.

Base Sequence↗
PubMed1982

A computer system to monitor radiology department activity: a management tool to improve patient care.

A microcomputer system has been developed and installed at the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology to monitor the moment-to-moment activity in a radiology department. Data about department performances are collected, summarized, and displayed in graphs and tables on terminals at stations throughout the department. The system is currently used to monitor a wide variety of functions including patient waiting time, report production time, film-library operations, equipment maintenance, and room use. Since the displays are updated in real-time, it is possible to identify and address problems as they occur, thereby providing a method of evaluation that leads to improved performance as related to patient care.

Appointments and Schedules↗
PubMed1982

Some relatively simple steps toward a computer system for the analysis of two-dimensional gel-electrophoresis autoradiographs.

A computerized system for the quantitative comparison of two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel autoradiographs is being developed that requires relatively limited hardware resources. Two fast, simple, and stable programs--one for background and streak subtraction and one for peak detection--have been developed and tested. Two methods developed by others--one for image smoothing and one for peak matching--also have been tested. A very simple spot-density integration program that works on isolated spots has been written and is being developed further.

Autoradiography↗
PubMed1990

[The RX-PLAN--a computer system for planning radiation treatment].

The authors presented a system of radiation treatment design (RT)--RX-PLAN developed at the N. N. Burdenko Main Military Hospital in 1988 on the basis of a PC of DVK-3M type. The use of the PC with a graphic interface made it possible to meet the following specific requirements: input, imaging, processing and output of graphic data and to make an automated working place of low cost for radiologists (a physicist and a physician).

Humans↗
PubMed2000

An advanced digital image-capture computer system for gross specimens: a substitute for gross description.

The description of macroscopic appearances of surgically excised specimens together with the sites of specimen sampling form an important component in the documentation of a histopathology specimen. Unfortunately, accuracy of description depends on the vocabulary and descriptive prowess of the pathologist which means that the result can be variable. Transcription of the dictated word also takes time and involves typists. We developed a user-friendly, high-resolution image capture system that will supplement word description of macroscopic specimens and has the potential to replace it completely. It also provides the opportunity of revisiting traditional methods of documenting specimens with words, allowing the production of more relevant and user-friendly reports containing information relevant to clinical management and supplemented by high-resolution digital images. The accompanying Windows-based software has capabilities of generating the entire histopathology report and allows rapid retrospective searches through any one of several common search parameters. The stored images form a powerful database for teaching and research. Connection to remote transmission facilities allows teleconferencing and telepathology consultations.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1980

A distributed computer system for hierarchical control of a clinical vestibular laboratory.

A vestibular testing laboratory with five test stations was implemented as a clinical research and testing facility, automating and adapting tests for patients with inner-ear balance disorders. These were designed to quantitate postural control, and eye movement response to rotational, caloric, and visual (optokinetic) stimuli. Microprocessors were used as satellite processors in a star network under hierarchical control of a host minicomputer. All disk storage was controlled by the host, with data transfer from satellites via parallel interfaces. Network software was designed and implemented to be under control of the host in a foreground-background structure. The practical operation of this laboratory required that technicians at each satellite test station initiate, perform, and complete an individual test in dependently of other tests. Examples from two test stations are presented. A 2-year data base of test results provides important multitest correlations for use in diagnostic evaluations.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Chronobiometry with pocket calculators and computer systems.

Selected methods for the study of biologic time series are reviewed and their relative merits are discussed in the light of underlying assumptions. Their potential applications are exemplified in several fields of biology and medicine. The monitoring of environmental integrity, notably of pollution, is investigated. The need for specifying optimal sampling requirements is underlined. An individualized and time-qualified definition of health by the establishment of reference intervals is required for increasingly rational individualized program for the prevention and/or treatment of disease. With these reference intervals and rhythm characteristics available, one can better interpret with single samples or time series an increased risk of a certain disease or the inception of the disease. For all of these aims the monitoring of environmental and/or personal marker rhythms is essential--to obtain large data bases from which information can be more easily derived for monitoring personal health, to recognize risk as well as to diagnose disease early and to optimize treatment by timing according to rhythms.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Determination of double bond positions of unsaturated fatty acids by a chemical ionization mass spectrometry computer system.

After stereospecific oxidation, trimethylsilylated methyl esters of mono- and diunsaturated fatty acids were analyzed by combined gas-liquid chromatography-chemical ionization mass spectrometry. The positions of original double bonds were deduced from the fragment ions produced by the cleavage of the carbon-carbon bond between two trimethylsilyl ethers. These fragment ions were recorded at m/e 187 and 259 in the case of 16:1(n-7), at m/e 187 and 287 in the case of 18:1(n-7), at m/e 215 and 259 in the case of 18:1(n-9), and at m/e 172 and 259 in the case of 18:2(n-6), respectively. The diastereoisomers of monounsaturated fatty acids can be discriminated by comparing the intensities of the fragment ions at m/e 253 and 285 in the case of 16:1 and at m/e 281 and 313 in the case of 18:1. The diastereosiomers of diunsaturated fatty acids may also be distinguished from each other by comparing the intensities of the fragment ions formed by the loss of trimethylsilyl function from the characteristic ions. Mono- and diunsaturated fatty acids in liver may be dominantly in cis- 18:1(n-1) and cis-cis-18:2(n-6) as determined by a mass chromatographic technique.

Computers↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Continuous registration of cardiac output with a new computer system designed for hot-film anemometry: an in vitro study.

We have developed and improved a method for the continuous on-line registration of cardiac output. By measuring blood velocity with a hot-film anemometer probe in the pulmonary artery, cardiac output can be estimated by gated systolic integration of the velocity signals. The integrated value for a certain period can be converted to a cardiac output proportional value. A thermistor placed next to the velocity probe enables thermodilution measurement of cardiac output, which serves as in vivo and in situ calibration. In this paper an in vitro study of the method applied to pulsatile flow is presented. A good correlation was found between real flow and both the velocity method and the thermodilution method. Fluid temperature and changing stroke volume and/or pulse frequency had minimal influence on accuracy, whereas altered probe position required recalibration for the velocity method but not for the thermodilution method. The advantages of the velocity method for the measurement of cardiac output are: The continuous on-line monitoring of cardiac output. The need for the injection of only very small volumes of cold saline, as the frequency of thermodilution measurements is reduced.

Cardiac Output↗
PubMed1983

Gastric emptying in normal subjects--a reproducible technique using a single scintillation camera and computer system.

The gastric emptying of a mixed solid and liquid meal was assessed in 24 normal subjects using a single camera/computer system which allowed continuous monitoring of both solids and liquids. It was shown that variation in tissue attenuation caused by the changing depth of radionuclide within the stomach accounted for large errors in the measurement of gastric emptying (alteration in 50% emptying time of up to 65%). A technique for the correction of attenuation is described which used factors derived from a lateral image of the stomach. In all subjects, solid emptying was slower than liquid emptying and was characterised by a delay (lag period) which was followed by linear emptying. Liquid emptying usually followed a single exponential pattern. The effect of physiological changes induced by increasing the calorie content of the liquid component of the meal was assessed by giving either water, 10% dextrose or 25% dextrose. Liquid emptying was slowed and the lag period of solid was prolonged as the calorie content increased. Reproducibility was assessed in 19 subjects. For the three groups studied (water, 10% dextrose, 25% dextrose) the day-to-day variation in gastric emptying was not significant for any measured parameter, while statistically significant differences were present in solid and liquid emptying between subjects and groups.

Adult↗