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PubMedDate not supplied

Sanguinarine: comparisons of antiplaque/antigingivitis reports.

A critical comparison of the numerous clinical studies on sanguinarine indicates an extreme divergence of reported effects on plaque/gingivitis, ranging from significant reductions to findings of no detectable effect. These equivocal findings stem from numerous short-term studies and fewer long-term studies employing divergent experimental methods. The long-term performance of the sanguinarine mouthrinse or dentifrice, alone or in combined use, still remains to be firmly demonstrated and replicated. The majority of clinical trials fail to demonstrate consistent clinical benefits from the use of this agent.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1990

[Periodontal diseases and antibacterial drug treatment].

Recent data concerning the bacteriology of periodontal diseases justify the use of antibacterial drugs. In advanced or resistant forms of the disease, the standard treatments are in fact insufficient. The antibacterial agents advocated include systemic antibiotics and local antiseptics. These products may be used separately or in combination. But, this antibacterial treatment remains a complementary option and cannot replace conventional treatments.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Surface free energies and elemental surface compositions of human enamel after application of commercially available mouthrinses and adsorption of salivary constituents.

The adsorption of active agents from six commercially available mouthrinses to ground and polished enamel, with and without adsorbed salivary constituents, was monitored by contact angle measurements and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). Human enamel samples were treated with mouthrinses containing chlorhexidine (Peridex), stannous fluoride/amine fluoride (Meridol), thymol/benzoic acid (Listerine), sanguinarine (Veadent), sodium fluoride (Prodent), or cetylpyridinium chloride (Merocet). XPS indicated a sizeable adsorption of both active and non-active components for all products. After treatment, all enamel surface free energies increased except for the stannous fluoride/amine fluoride containing mouthrinse. It is suggested that non-active components in the products cause an increase in surface free energy. Despite this thermodynamically unfavorable increase in surface free energy, all rinses have plaque reducing effects, indicating that this unfavorable surface characteristic is overruled by the antibacterial properties of the components. Replacement of non-active components by less adsorbing surfactants could increase the efficiency of the products tested.

Adsorption↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Studies on the participation of the dopaminergic system in the central effects of chelidonine.

Chelidonine administered to rats in doses of 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg ip exerted an inhibitory effect on the dopaminergic structures in the rat. It was shown that chelidonine decreased amphetamine- and apomorphine-induced hyperactivity and inhibited amphetamine and apomorphine sterotype. Besides, chelidonine significantly inhibited the yawning and penile erection produced by apomorphine. However, chelidonine potentiated also catalepsy caused by haloperidol. In doses of 100 and 200 mg/kg ip chelidonine depressed the whole brain dopamine (DA) concentrations and enhanced DA utilization.

Alkaloids↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effect of sanguiritrine on the functional activity of fibroblast lysosomes].

Kinetics of sanguiritrine consumption by L cells of LSM substrain was studied in cell culture. About half of the drug used was absorbed by cells within 20 min. Sanguiritrine inhibited the lysosomal hydrolases (cathepsin D, beta-D-galactosidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase) activity by 50% at concentration 2.10(-4) M. The drug a concentration 4.10(-4) M inhibited acid lipase by 55% and acid phosphatase by 58%.

Acetylglucosaminidase↗
PubMed1990

[Effect of a sanguinarine mouthwash on children with and without upper extremity motor handicap].

A survey was done at the Center of Child Readaptation at Flavigny (Meurthe-et-Moselle) to determine the effect of a mouth rinse containing 0.03% sanguinaria extract, on the plaque accumulation and gingivitis of 30 children 8 to 17 years old. 13 children had a motricity handicap of their superior members and 17 did not. All subjects rinsed their mouths twice with 15 ml of solution each time. The mouth rinses were performed in the morning and in the evening during three weeks. The children were photographed and examined using the P1I and GI indices on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 35. No statistical significant difference was observed at any moment between children with or without handicapped upper limbs. After 3 weeks of treatment the Plaque Index had decreased 47.3% and Gingival Index 55.6%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1990

[Induction of quiescence by differentiating agents].

The growth fraction of cancer cells, estimated by the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 labelling, and DNA content were determined simultaneously en K562 human leukemic cells by flow cytometry. Adriamycin, aclacinomycin A and fagaronine induced differentiation, as assessed by benzidine staining and glycophorin A expression. These drugs decreases the fraction of Ki-67 positive cells, Ki-67 negative cells displayed a G1, but also a G2 and a S DNA content in different proportions, indicating that induction of quiescent cells by differentiating agents is not a uniform process and is worthy of interest.

Aclarubicin↗
PubMed1990

New perspectives on Sanguinaria clinicals: individual toothpaste and oral rinse testing.

Clinical studies conducted since 1983 on oral care products containing sanguinaria extract have yielded a variety of results. A careful review of these trials suggests that the designs used to conduct many of these trials may have had affected the study outcomes. Review of these trials suggests that studies testing the efficacy of anti-plaque products exercise the following guidelines: 1) use parallel instead of crossover designs, 2) select appropriate study populations, 3) use sufficient numbers of subjects to ensure statistical power, 4) select appropriate controls, 5) ensure intra- or inter-rater reliability prior to the start of the study, and 6) use proper statistical methodology. This review was undertaken to provide perspective into the results of these early studies, and furnish the rationale for the planning of subsequent clinical testing of sanguinaria-containing products.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1990

Sanguinaria toothpaste and oral rinse regimen clinical efficacy in short- and long-term trials.

Short- and long-term testing of sanguinaria toothpaste and oral rinse used individually have yielded both positive and negative results. This review evaluates the results of a number of clinical trials testing the regimen use of sanguinaria products for periods ranging from 14 days to six months. Review of these trials establishes the clinical efficacy of the two products in combination. The regimen approach produces consistently positive reductions in plaque, gingival inflammation and bleeding parameters for up to six months with no adverse hard tissue effects and only one reversible adverse soft tissue effect observed among the 260 subjects tested. In addition, no adverse microbiological shifts in the normal oral flora were observed.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1990

Safety of Sanguinaria extract as used in commercial toothpaste and oral rinse products.

This report represents the findings of an Expert Panel on the safety of Sanguinaria extract used in Viadent oral rinse and toothpaste products and represents an independent review of the Sanguinaria extract toxicologic data base. It is based on reviews and discussions of the data base by all members of the Expert Panel on Sanguinaria extract. The Panel concluded that the data base on Sanguinaria extract is substantial and indicates that Sanguinaria extract is safe in its present use in Viadent products based on a large margin of safety between levels of human exposure and levels found to produce minimum effect or to be without adverse effect in animals. The panel further concluded that published literature suggesting an association between human exposure to Sanguinaria extract and potential reproductive, cardiovascular, or ocular toxicity, or carcinogenicity is largely anecdotal, unfounded, and not corroborated by or consistent with the substantial data base that was subjected to peer review.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed1990

[Evaluation of the efficacy of sanguinarine using the experimental gingivitis model].

Some studies showed positive results in testing the efficacy of sanguinarine delivered as oral rinse or dentifrice against plaque and gingivitis. The application of a gel containing 0.05 and 0.5% sanguinarine using special trays did not prevent plaque formation in regions with no oral hygiene. In contrast to placebo the 0.5% sanguinaria-gel was able to retard the formation of an experimental gingivitis. Chlorhexidine was superior to sanguinarine. Side effects were not detected.

Adult↗