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At least 1,009 records · Page 56Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

p-Chloromercuribenzoate specifically modifies thiols associated with the active sites of beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone hydrolase and succinyl CoA: beta-ketoadipate CoA transferase.

beta-Ketoadipate enol-lactone hydrolase (EC 3.1.1.24) and succinyl CoA: beta-ketoadipate transferase (EC 2.8.3.6) catalyze consecutive metabolic reactions in bacteria. The enzymes appear to be members of different families of related proteins. Enzymes within the enol-lactone hydrolase family appear to have diverged so extensively that common ancestry sometimes is not directly evident from comparison of NH2-terminal amino acid sequences of the proteins. Amino acid sequences at or near the active sites of the enzymes are likely to have been conserved, and hence a chemical proble that reacted specifically near the active sites of the enzymes might identify regions of amino acid sequence in which evolutionary affinities among widely divergent proteins could be identified. p-Chloromercuribenzoate appears to be such a probe because enol-lactone hydrolases and CoA transferases from Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Pseudomonas putida were completely inhibited by stoichiometric quantities of the compound which appears to modify selectively cysteinyl side chains at or near the active sites of the enzymes. Stoichiometric inhibition of P. putida enol-lactone hydrolase was observed in the presence of excess dithiothreitol; therefore the reactive cysteinyl residue in this enzyme appears to be nucleophilic. The hydrolase is inhibited by beta-ketoadipate, but the compound must be supplied at 10 mM concentrations in order to achieve 50% inhibition, so the product inhibition is unlikely to be significant under physiological conditions.

Acinetobacter↗
PubMed1976

Immunological comparison of enzymes of the beta-ketoadipate pathway.

beta-Carboxy-cis,cis-muconate lactonizing enzyme and gamma-carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase catalyze sequential reactions in the beta-ketoadipate pathway; the subunit sizes of the enzymes from Pseudomonas putida, biotype A, are 40 000 and 13 000, respectively. The cross reaction of antisera prepared against the enzymes was tested with the isofunctional enzymes formed by representatives of other bacterial species. Despite the differences in the subunit sizes of the enzymes, the antisera revealed the same general pattern: cross reaction was observed with the corresponding enzymes formed by other strains in the fluorescent Pseudomonas RNA homology group I and generally was not observed with enzymes from other Pseudomonas species or from other bacterial genera. Exceptions were provided by representatives of Pseudomonas cepacia. Members of this species are classified outside the fluorescent Pseudomonas RNA homology group. Nevertheless, the gamma-carboxymuconolactone decarboxylases from these organisms formed precipitin bands with antisera prepared against the corresponding enzyme from P.putida, biotype A; the lactonizing enzymes from the two species did not appear to cross react. Immunodiffusion experiments with gamma-carboxymuconolactone decarboxylase indicated that a common set of antigenic determinants for the enzyme is conserved among strains that have been classified together by other criteria; the relative immunological distances of the decarboxylases of each taxon from the reference P.putida, biotype A, enzyme were indicated by spurring patterns on Ouchterlony plates. These results suggested that the interspecific transfer of the structural gene for the enzyme is not a common event in Pseudomonas.

Adipates↗
PubMed1976

Characterization of a benzoate permease mutant of Pseudomonas putida.

A spontaneous mutant of Pseudomonas putida (PRS 2017) has been isolated which is incapable of growth on benzoate, does not induce the enzymes of the catechol branch of the beta-ketoadipate pathway when grown in the presence of benzoate, cannot accumulate radioactively labeled benzoate, yet grows well with mandelate as sole source of carbon and energy. This strain apparently lacks a benzoate permease, which in the wild type shows a Km of about 0.1 mM for benzoate, is inducible, and is not under the control of the regulatory system which governs the induction of the enzymes of the catechol branch of the beta-ketoadapate pathway. The lesion in PRS2017 is apparently single site and maps near other genes governing benzoate dissimilation.

Adipates↗
PubMed1993

Identification of N-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipic acid in the urine of a patient with alpha-aminoadipic and alpha-ketoadipic aciduria.

A 3.5-year-old Japanese boy with a mild speech disturbance excreted a large amount of alpha-aminoadipic acid into the urine. The amino acid analysis using an amino acid analyser confirmed the presence of alpha-aminoadipic acid in both urine and plasma. We detected alpha-aminoadipic acid in the hydrolysate of the effluent and washwater fraction through cation exchange resin. This suggested the presence of acetylated derivatives and we identified N-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipic acid using liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure ionization mass spectrometry (LC-API-MS). The concentrations of alpha-aminoadipic acid and N-acetyl-alpha-aminoadipic acid in the urine of a patient with alpha-aminoadipic aciduria were 376.9 nmol/mg creatinine and 18.1 nmol/mg creatinine, respectively. We also detected alpha-ketoadipic acid in the urine of this patient using LC-API-MS.

2-Aminoadipic Acid↗
PubMed1995

Effect of gamma-radiation on migration behaviour of dioctyladipate and acetyltributylcitrate plasticizers from food-grade PVC and PVDC/PVC films into olive oil.

Food-grade PVC and PVDC/PVC films containing 28.3% dioctyladipate (DOA) and 5.0% acetyltributylcitrate (ATBC) plasticizers, respectively, were brought into contact with olive oil and were irradiated with gamma-radiation [60Co] at doses equal to 4 kGy and 9 kGy corresponding to "cold pasteurization". Irradiation was carried out at 8-10 degrees C and samples were subsequently stored at 4-5 degrees C. Contaminated oil samples were analysed for DOA and ATBC at intervals between 7 h and 97 h of contact, using an indirect GC method. Identical nonirradiated (control) samples were also analysed for DOA and ATBC content. Results showed no statistically significant differences in migrated amounts of DOA and ATBC between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. Neither were differences observed between samples irradiated at 4 kGy and 9 kGy. This was supported by identical IR spectra recorded for irradiated and non-irradiated samples and leads to the conclusion that at such intermediate radiation doses (< or = 9 kGy) the migration characteristics of both PVC and PVDC/PVC films are not affected. The amount of DOA that migrated into olive oil was dependent on time, reaching equilibrium after approximately 47 h of contact (302.8 mg/l). The amount of ATBC that migrated into olive oil was non-detectable (< 1 mg/l) for all samples stored at 4-5 degrees C after 97 h. In non-irradiated samples (PVDC/PVC in contact with oil) stored at 20 degrees C, small amounts of migrated ATBC were determined (3.3 and 5.1 mg/l after 29 h 94 h of contact respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adipates↗
PubMed1996

Effect of microwave heating on the migration of dioctyladipate and acetyltributylcitrate plasticizers from food-grade PVC and PVDC/PVC films into olive oil and water.

Migration of dioctyladipate (DOA) and acetyltributylcitrate (ATBC) plasticizers from plasticized polyvinylchloride (PVC) and polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)/PVC (Saran) films into both olive oil and distilled water during microwave heating has been studied. The plasticizer migrating into olive oil and water was determined using an indirect GC method after saponification of the ester-type plasticizer (DOA or ATBC) and subsequent collection of the alcohol component of the ester, namely: 2-ethyl-1-hexanol and 1-butanol, respectively. Migration was dependent on heating time, microwave power setting, the nature of the food simulant and the initial concentration of the plasticizer in the film. Migration of DOA into olive oil reached equilibrium after heating for 10 min at full power (604.6 mg DOA/l). Migration into distilled water was 74.1 mg/l after 8 min of microwave cooking at full power. The amount of ATBC migrating into olive oil reached equilibrium after heating for 10 min at full power (73.9 mg ATBC/l). Migration into distilled water was 4.1 mg/l after heating at full power for 8 min. Control samples containing olive oil gave DOA migration values which were significantly higher than the upper limit for global migration (60 mg/l) set by the European Community. It is proposed that PVC should not be used in direct contact with food in the microwave oven, while Saran may be used with caution in microwave heating and reheating applications, avoiding its direct contact with high fat foodstuffs.

Adipates↗
PubMed1996

Migration of dioctyladipate plasticizer from food-grade PVC film into chicken meat products: effect of gamma-radiation.

Food-grade PVC film containing 28.3% dioctyladipate (DOA) plasticizer was used to wrap chicken meat samples, with and without skin, contained in a polystyrene tray. Samples were then irradiated with gamma-radiation [60Co] at doses equal to 4 kGy and 9 kGy corresponding to "cold pasteurization". Irraddiation was carried out at 8-10 degrees C and samples were subsequently stored at 4-5 degrees C. Contaminated chicken meat samples were analysed for DOA at intervals between 7 h and 240 h of contact, using an indirect GC method. Identical non-irradiated (control) samples were also analysed for their DOA content. Results showed no statistically significant differences in migrated amounts of DOA between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. Neither were differences observed between samples irradiated at 4 kGy and 9 kGy. This was supported by identical IR spectra recorded for irradiated and non-irradiated samples and leads to the conclusion that, at such intermediate radiation doses ( < or = kGy), the migration characteristics of PVC film are not affected. DOA migration was found to be time dependent, approaching equilibrium after approximately 170 h for the chicken flesh plus skin samples and 120 h for the chicken flesh samples. The amount of DOA migrated into chicken flesh plus skin samples was significantly greater (3.2-22.3 mg/dm2) than that for chicken flesh samples (0.9-8.9 mg/dm2). After 240 h of sample/film contact under refrigeration, loss of DOA was approximately 35.6% for chicken flesh plus skin samples and 14.3% for chicken flesh samples. Sample spoilage, as demonstrated by off-odour development, occurred after approximately 120 h of refrigerated storage. Diffusion coefficients for DOA were calculated and were found to be lower for chicken flesh (1 x 10(-13) than for flesh plus skin (4.4 x 10(-13)) samples.

Adipates↗