Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “integration”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed2005

Audiovisual integration in patients with visual deficit.

In the present study, we investigated the possibility that bimodal audiovisual stimulation of the affected hemifield can improve perception of the visual events in the blind hemifield of hemianopic patients, as it was previously demonstrated in neglect patients. Moreover, it has been shown that "hetero-modal" and "sensory-specific" cortices are involved in cross-modal integration. Thus, the second aim of the present study was to examine whether audiovisual integration influences visual detection in patients with different cortical lesions responsible of different kinds of visual disorders. More specifically, we investigated cross-modal, audiovisual integration in patients with visual impairment due to a visual field deficit (e.g., hemianopia) or visuospatial attentional deficit (e.g., neglect) and patients with both hemianopia and neglect. Patients were asked to detect visual stimuli presented alone or in combination with auditory stimuli that could be spatially aligned or not with the visual ones. The results showed an enhancement of visual detection in cross-modal condition (spatially aligned condition) comparing to unimodal visual condition only in patients with hemianopia or neglect; by contrast, the multisensory integration did not occur when patients presented both deficits. These data suggest that patients with visual disorders can enormously benefit the multisensory integration. Moreover, they showed a different influence of cortical lesion on multisensory integration. Thus, the present results show the important adaptive meaning of multisensory integration and are very promising with respect to the possibility of recovery from visual and spatial impairments.

Acoustic Stimulation↗
PubMed2004

Pattern motion integration in infants.

To investigate the development of motion integration in infants, we used an eye movement technique to measure subjects' ability to track leftward versus rightward pattern motion in a stimulus consisting of a field of spatially segregated moving gratings. Each grating moved in one of two oblique directions, with the two directions interleaved across the display. When spatially integrated, pattern motion for these paired component motions was either rightward or leftward. To control for the possibility that horizontal eye movements elicited by this stimulus were due to the horizontal motion vector present in each obliquely moving grating, we also measured responses to a field where every grating moved in the same oblique direction. The difference in performance between the integration stimulus and this control stimulus was taken as a measure of integration. Data from 2-, 3-, 4-, and 5-month-old infants revealed significant motion integration, suggesting that higher order motion areas, such as the middle temporal area (MT) may develop at a relatively early age. In addition, the integration effect decreased consistently and significantly with age (p <.005), suggesting a reduction in the spatial extent of motion integration over the course of development.

Adult↗
PubMed2007

A randomized trial of integrated group therapy versus group drug counseling for patients with bipolar disorder and substance dependence.

OBJECTIVE: Although bipolar disorder and substance use disorder frequently co-occur, there is little information on the effectiveness of behavioral treatment for this population. Integrated group therapy, which addresses the two disorders simultaneously, was compared with group drug counseling, which focuses on substance use. The authors hypothesized that patients receiving integrated group therapy would have fewer days of substance use and fewer weeks ill with bipolar disorder. METHOD: A randomized controlled trial compared 20 weeks of integrated group therapy or group drug counseling with 3 months of posttreatment follow-up. Sixty-two patients with bipolar disorder and current substance dependence, treated with mood stabilizers for >or=2 weeks, were randomly assigned to integrated group therapy (N=31) or group drug counseling (N=31). The primary outcome measure was the number of days of substance use. The primary mood outcome was the number of weeks ill with a mood episode. RESULTS: Intention-to-treat analysis revealed significantly fewer days of substance use for integrated group therapy patients during treatment and follow-up. Groups were similar in the number of weeks ill with bipolar disorder during treatment and follow-up, although integrated group therapy patients had more depressive and manic symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Integrated group therapy, a new treatment developed specifically for patients with bipolar disorder and substance dependence, appears to be a promising approach to reduce substance use in this population.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Is integrative science necessary to improve nursing practice?

This article explores integrative science as a perspective for overcoming intellectual barriers between nurses' valuing of the holistic person and the science and technology that drives advances in health care. Several meanings of integrative science are reflected in health science literature. One use of integrative science refers to comprehensive and unifying theories (or viewpoints) that draw together interrelated aspects of a field. Another use of integrative science pertains to efforts to formulate models that accommodate the special dualities that exist in studying humans. Integrative science as a perspective addresses overcoming intellectual separation of knowledge relevant to understanding of persons or populations by an open-ended sharing and juxtaposing of knowledge relevant to solving that problem. For nursing, integrative science may pose a threat to nursing knowledge. Failure to thrive, a nutritional and psychosocial phenomenon, is presented as an example of a topic manifesting the need for an integrative science perspective.

Holistic Health↗
PubMed2004

Integrative dimensions of psychotherapy training.

This paper investigates the influence of integrative factors on psychotherapy education. The broad relevance of integrative psychotherapy to residency training and continuing mental health education is discussed. Following a review of the existing literature on the education of integrative psychotherapists, the article systematically examines the integrative and pedagogic issues to be considered in planning psychotherapy training informed by integrative principles. The integrative issues are organized into 5 categories: attitudinal set, knowledge base, clinical techniques and skills, developmental tasks and challenges, and systemic institutional factors. The educational issues can be divided into 4 categories: content, format and process, sequence, and faculty development. Brief descriptions of actual educational interventions illustrate the implementation of such ideas. Specific recommendations are made regarding the development of integrative educational initiatives and future study of unresolved questions.

Education↗
PubMed2000

The experiences of elderly people in geriatric care with special reference to integrity.

The aim of this study was to obtain an increased understanding of the experiences of elderly people in geriatric care, with special reference to integrity. Data were collected through qualitative interviews with elderly people and, in order to obtain a description of caregivers' integrity-promoting or non-promoting behaviours, participant observations and qualitative interviews with nursing students were undertaken. Earlier studies on the integrity of elderly people mainly concentrated on their personal and territorial space, so Kihlgren and Thorsén opened up the possibility of considering the concept of integrity from a broader view by recognizing its relationship to the larger framework of the self-concept. Based on this, findings in the present study indicate that elderly people's integrity relating to their corporal self were the least violated. On the other hand, their psychological, information and cultural selves were the most exposed. The study also identified a further dimension (i.e. one relating to social self), which should be included in the concept of integrity because respecting elderly people's social self reduces their feelings of loneliness, isolation and seclusion. In summary, the results indicate that the concept of integrity is complex and has several dimensions.

Aged↗
PubMed2005

Atlas - a data warehouse for integrative bioinformatics.

BACKGROUND: We present a biological data warehouse called Atlas that locally stores and integrates biological sequences, molecular interactions, homology information, functional annotations of genes, and biological ontologies. The goal of the system is to provide data, as well as a software infrastructure for bioinformatics research and development. DESCRIPTION: The Atlas system is based on relational data models that we developed for each of the source data types. Data stored within these relational models are managed through Structured Query Language (SQL) calls that are implemented in a set of Application Programming Interfaces (APIs). The APIs include three languages: C++, Java, and Perl. The methods in these API libraries are used to construct a set of loader applications, which parse and load the source datasets into the Atlas database, and a set of toolbox applications which facilitate data retrieval. Atlas stores and integrates local instances of GenBank, RefSeq, UniProt, Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD), Biomolecular Interaction Network Database (BIND), Database of Interacting Proteins (DIP), Molecular Interactions Database (MINT), IntAct, NCBI Taxonomy, Gene Ontology (GO), Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (OMIM), LocusLink, Entrez Gene and HomoloGene. The retrieval APIs and toolbox applications are critical components that offer end-users flexible, easy, integrated access to this data. We present use cases that use Atlas to integrate these sources for genome annotation, inference of molecular interactions across species, and gene-disease associations. CONCLUSION: The Atlas biological data warehouse serves as data infrastructure for bioinformatics research and development. It forms the backbone of the research activities in our laboratory and facilitates the integration of disparate, heterogeneous biological sources of data enabling new scientific inferences. Atlas achieves integration of diverse data sets at two levels. First, Atlas stores data of similar types using common data models, enforcing the relationships between data types. Second, integration is achieved through a combination of APIs, ontology, and tools. The Atlas software is freely available under the GNU General Public License at: http://bioinformatics.ubc.ca/atlas/

Computational Biology↗
PubMed2025

Algorithms and tools for data-driven omics integration to achieve multilayer biological insights: a narrative review.

Systems biology is a holistic approach to biological sciences that combines experimental and computational strategies, aimed at integrating information from different scales of biological processes to unravel pathophysiological mechanisms and behaviours. In this scenario, high-throughput technologies have been playing a major role in providing huge amounts of omics data, whose integration would offer unprecedented possibilities in gaining insights on diseases and identifying potential biomarkers. In the present review, we focus on strategies that have been applied in literature to integrate genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in the year range 2018-2024. Integration approaches were divided into three main categories: statistical-based approaches, multivariate methods, and machine learning/artificial intelligence techniques. Among them, statistical approaches (mainly based on correlation) were the ones with a slightly higher prevalence, followed by multivariate approaches, and machine learning techniques. Integrating multiple biological layers has shown great potential in uncovering molecular mechanisms, identifying putative biomarkers, and aid classification, most of the time resulting in better performances when compared to single omics analyses. However, significant challenges remain. The high-throughput nature of omics platforms introduces issues such as variable data quality, missing values, collinearity, and dimensionality. These challenges further increase when combining multiple omics datasets, as the complexity and heterogeneity of the data increase with integration. We report different strategies that have been found in literature to cope with these challenges, but some open issues still remain and should be addressed to disclose the full potential of omics integration.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2006

The Federal Trade Commission, clinical integration, and the organization of physician practice.

This article examines Federal Trade Commission (FTC) policy--in particular, the agency's controversial 1996 statements on clinical integration--toward joint negotiations for nonrisk contracts with health plans by physicians organized into independent practice associations (IPAs) and (with hospitals) into physician-hospital organizations (PHOs). The article concludes that the policy is consistent with anti-trust principles, consistent with current thinking on the use of organized processes to improve medical care quality, specific enough to provide guidance to physicians wanting to integrate clinically, and general enough to encourage ongoing innovations in physician organization. The FTC should consider stronger sanctions for IPAs and PHOs whose clinical integration is nothing more than a sham intended to provide cover for joint negotiations, should give the benefit of the doubt to organizations whose clinical integration appears to be reasonably consonant with the statements, and should clarify several ambiguities in the statements. Health plans should facilitate IPA and PHO efforts to improve care by rewarding quality and efficiency and by providing clinically integrated organizations with claims information on individual patients. Though creating clinically integrated organizations is difficult and expensive, physicians should recognize that clinical integration can help them both to gain some negotiating leverage with health plans and to improve the quality of care for their patients.

Antitrust Laws↗
PubMed2007

Characteristic features of QRST integral mapping in patients with high risk Brugada syndrome.

BACKGROUND: The characteristic features of QRST integral mapping in the Brugada-type resting ECG of patients at a high risk for life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias were examined. METHODS AND RESULTS: QRST integral mapping was performed in 11 Brugada-type ECG patients with histories of aborted sudden death, spontaneous ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation (VT/VF) or programmed electric stimulation-inducible VT/VF (high risk group); 13 Brugada-type ECG patients without a history of such events (low risk group); and 21 age-matched healthy controls. Individual QRST isointegral maps revealed the minimum integral in the mid-to-right upper chest in 100% and 85% of the control and low risk groups, respectively, whereas this integral was 64% in the upper right back of the high risk group (p<0.05). On the QRST integral departure maps, the abnormal positive departure area (integral value>or=+2 standard deviation) was located in the mid-to-right upper chest in 82% and 8% of the high and low risk groups, respectively (p<0.05). During the follow-up period, sudden death or VF occurred in 4 of 6 high risk patients with both the abnormal findings. CONCLUSION: The abnormal positive departure area in the mid-to-right upper chest and the minimum QRST integral in the right upper back were distinct hallmarks for screening patients with the high risk Brugada-type ECG.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Optical integrator for optical dark-soliton detection and pulse shaping.

The design and analysis of an Nth-order optical integrator using the digital filter technique is presented. The optical integrator is synthesized using planar-waveguide technology. It is shown that a first-order optical integrator can be used as an optical dark-soliton detector by converting an optical dark-soliton pulse into an optical bell-shaped pulse for ease of detection. The optical integrators can generate an optical step function, staircase function, and paraboliclike functions from input optical Gaussian pulses. The optical integrators may be potentially used as basic building blocks of all-optical signal processing systems because the time integrals of signals may sometimes be required for further use or analysis. Furthermore, an optical integrator may be used for the shaping of optical pulses or in an optical feedback control system.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1996

Integrating pharmacokinetics into point-of-care information systems.

Computer-based patient care information systems (PCIS) have emerged as an integral component of healthcare organisations. Currently, 4 models of PCIS exist: the centralised model, the hub-and-spoke model, the network model, and the distributed model. The centralised model has the advantage of a central patient database; however, a major disadvantage of this model is the inability to easily interface with other software packages. The hub-and-spoke model links satellite or feeder systems into a mainframe computer; thus, each satellite has the ability to work independently. This system is limited by the ability to interface satellite systems with the mainframe computer. The network model works via a local area network (LAN) using client server technology which allows for high speed data access and transfer. The network model does not provide an integrated view of patient information and can access only 1 host system at a time. The distributed model is similar to the network model in design but provides for data and system integration via relational databases. This allows for the creation of a central data repository and support for decision-support tools. Computer-assisted decision support has the potential to significantly improve clinical decision-making. Six types of computer-assisted decision-support have been defined: alerting, interpreting, assisting, critiquing, diagnosing and managing. Software representing each type of decision-support software has been incorporated into clinical practice; however, with the exception of drug interaction programs, widespread incorporation of decision-support software into PCIS is uncommon. Clinical pharmacokinetic programs are a category of pharmacy-related decision-support software, and current clinical pharmacokinetic software systems can be categorised as interpreting, assisting or critiquing decision-support. Despite the potential for significant clinical contributions, the integration of clinical pharmacokinetic software into PCIS is uncommon. Most packages are available only as stand alone programs or as a module of a pharmacy information system. These packages usually maintain their own centralised database and require special file transfer protocols for integration. Although PCIS are becoming more commonplace, the integration of commercial clinical pharmacokinetic packages into PCIS is limited. New technology using standardised and relational databases should allow for easier integration in the future.

Computers, Mainframe↗
PubMed2006

The scope of integrated modelling: system boundaries, sub-systems, scales and disciplines.

Integrated modelling has become an urgent issue of urban drainage and wastewater treatment planning. The scope of integrated modelling, system boundaries and disciplines to be involved are addressed in view of future developments and new paradigms in urban drainage, demanding the inclusion of the full urban water cycle. A system analysis is demonstrated to identify relevant sub-systems and components, processes and interactions within the urban water system. The permissibility to exclude subsystems or neglect interactions is evaluated. Integrated modelling of urban water system is characterised as an ambitious task in regard to system complexity, heterogeneous scales and interface problems. The methodical status quo is characterised in preliminary approaches towards integrated modelling. It is concluded that it does not seem promising to create and apply one entity model for the scope of integrated urban water modelling. Instead, the development of adequate and efficient IT frameworks is identified as the key issue of integrated modelling. Harmonising interfaces to facilitate the linking of existing models is presented as the objective of a European research project HarmonlT and the U.S. EPA Multimedia Integrated Modelling System project MIMS.

Cities↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Construction and validation of an ego integrity status interview.

Erikson's theory regarding the existence of an Ego Integrity versus Despair crisis in old age was tested using an interview derived from Whitbourne and Weinstock's application of Marcia's status construct to the ego integrity crisis. Four integrity statuses were defined: integrity achieving, dissonant (in crisis), foreclosed (avoiding crisis), and despairing. These statuses were reliably (80%) identified among forty elderly community-dwelling men and women through the forty-five-minute semistructured interview. Moreover, predicted differences among the four statuses were observed on questionnaire measures assessing reminiscing activity, death attitudes and preparation, psychological well-being, and questionnaire scales of Stages 6 through 8 of Erikson's theory. The pattern of differences suggested that integrity achieving and foreclosed samples differed mainly regarding their degree of introspection regarding the past, but that both appeared to have a high degree of psychological well-being. Dissonant individuals appeared to be unhappy and stressed, but this was seen as a temporary state in contrast to the more chronic nature of the despairing's low sense of psychological well-being. The validity of the integrity status construct and the interview designed to measure it have, therefore, been supported, and provide the basis for suggested refinements within Erikson's description of the Ego Integrity versus Despair stage.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Hepatitis B virus DNA integration in hepatocellular carcinomas and their adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissues.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration was studied in 24 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissues obtained at operations or autopsies. In 11 cases whose sera were positive for hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg), HBV DNA integration was demonstrated by Southern blot analysis. Only one of 6 cases whose sera were positive for hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) but negative for HBsAg revealed the integration and the other 5 cases revealed no HBV DNA integration. HBV DNA amplification was noted in 4 of these 6 cases in which HBV DNA integration was found when compared with the adjacent liver tissues. The integration pattern of HBV DNA was different in one case between primary HCC tissue and a metastasized lymph node. It is suggested that HBV DNA amplification is not directly related to the development of HCC and that there are polyclonal tumor cells which have different patterns of virus genome integrations.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Measures of visual-auditory integration and their relations to reading achievement in early grades.

Several tests of visual-auditory integration were designed to represent the various tasks that have been found to correlate with reading achievement in the early grades. The battery of tests was administered to about 100 first, 84 second, and 110 third graders. Several questions were posed: (1) Do the various tests of integration measure the same underlying ability or are there separate abilities that are tapped by the various tests? (2) Are the various tests correlated with reading because they tap a common integrative ability that is related to reading or are there several abilities, each related to reading independently to the others? (3) To what extent are the relationships between the integrative abilities and reading separate from the relationship between reading and IQ? Results indicated that there are separate integrative abilities, and multiple regression analyses showed that several of the integrative measures were correlated with reading independently of the other measures. Further, several of the integrative measures accounted for significant reading variance beyond that accounted for by IQ tests. The results were discussed in the context of the need to differentiate adequately between various patterns of perceptual weakness in the diagnosis and remediation of perceptually based reading difficulties.

Achievement↗
PubMed2006

Integration of mass drug administration programmes in Nigeria: The challenge of schistosomiasis.

PROBLEM: Annual mass drug administration (MDA) with safe oral anthelminthic drugs (praziquantel, ivermectin and albendazole) is the strategy for control of onchocerciasis, lymphatic filariasis (LF) and schistosomiasis. District health officers seek to integrate treatment activities in areas of overlapping disease endemicity, but they are faced with having to merge different programmatic guidelines. APPROACH: We proceeded through the three stages of integrated MDA implementation: mapping the distribution of the three diseases at district level; tailoring district training and logistics based on the results of the mapping exercises; and implementing community-based annual health education and mass treatment where appropriate. During the process we identified the "know-do" gaps in the MDA guidelines for each disease that prevented successful integration of these programmes. LOCAL SETTING: An integrated programme launched in 1999 in Plateau and Nasarawa States in central Nigeria, where all three diseases were known to occur. RELEVANT CHANGES: Current guidelines allowed onchocerciasis and LF activities to be integrated, resulting in rapid mapping throughout the two states, and states-wide provision of over 9.3 million combined ivermectin-albendazole treatments for the two diseases between 2000 and 2004. In contrast, schistosomiasis activities could not be effectively integrated because of the more restrictive guidelines, resulting in less than half of the two states being mapped, and delivery of only 701,419 praziquantel treatments for schistosomiasis since 1999. LESSONS LEARNED: Integration of schistosomiasis into other MDA programmes would be helped by amended guidelines leading to simpler mapping, more liberal use of praziquantel and the ability to administer praziquantel simultaneously with ivermectin and albendazole.

Anthelmintics↗
PubMed1996

Cortical dynamics of visual persistence and temporal integration.

In a temporal integration experiment, subjects must integrate two visual stimuli, presented at separate times, to perform an identification task. Many researchers have assumed that the persistence of the leading stimulus determines the ability to integrate the leading and trailing stimuli. However, recent studies of temporal integration have challenged that hypothesis by demonstrating that several theories of persistence are incompatible with data on temporal integration. This paper shows that an account of visual persistence given by a neural network model of preattentive vision, called the boundary contour system, explains data on temporal integration. Computer simulations of the model explain why temporal integration becomes more difficult when the display elements are separated by longer interstimulus intervals or are of longer duration or of higher luminance, or are spatially closer together. The model suggests that different mechanisms underlie the inverse duration effects for leading and for trailing elements. The model further predicts interactions of spatial separation, duration, and luminance of the trailing display.

Attention↗