SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “classifier”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Characteristics of Salmonella spp. and Escherichia coli isolated from broiler flocks classified as "good" or "poor" producers.

Cecal samples from 100 broiler flocks were cultured for Escherichia coli and Salmonella. Samples were selected from flocks classified as either "good" or "poor" producers by a production formula. In an attempt to identify predictors of flock productivity, isolates were studied for differences in antibiotic resistances, hemagglutination of erythrocytes, production of colicins, production of siderophores, type of hemolysis, resistance to host complement, and presence of plasmids. S. typhimurium (copenhagen) was isolated from one poor producing flock and three good producers. Salmonella isolates showed no significant differences in the parameters studied. The E. coli isolates showed significant differences only for the presence of plasmids. These data indicate that differences in host intestinal E. coli from good and poor producing flocks do not predict flock productivity.

Animals↗

PubMed1990

Contributions of food groups to intakes of energy, nutrients, cholesterol, and fiber in women's diets: effect of method of classifying food mixtures.

This study examined the effect of using two different methods for categorizing food mixtures when calculating the contribution of various food groups to energy, macronutrient, cholesterol, and fiber intakes. Using method 1, each food mixture was classified as a single item and assigned to a food group according to its main ingredient. Using method 2, most of the food mixtures were separated into their constituent ingredients, and each ingredient was assigned to its appropriate food group. Data were from 1,032 women who provided at least 4 days of dietary data in the U.S. Department of Agriculture's 1985 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. We found that the importance of each food group's contribution to individual dietary components varied depending on the method used to categorize the food mixtures. When food mixtures were separated into their constituent ingredients before assigning foods to food groups, the contributions of meat, fish, poultry, and grain products declined for each of the seven dietary components studied. At the same time, the contributions of milk products, fats, and oils increased for most of the seven components. The results highlight the importance of foods eaten as part of food mixtures to the intake of energy, macronutrients, cholesterol, and fiber.

Adult↗

PubMed1990

[Classify species of Pseudomonas pseudomallei into serotypes].

Species of P. pseudomallei can be classified into two serotypes, serotype I and serotype II, based on whether or not it contains a thermolabile antigen beside a thermostable one. Under the condition of lack of typing serum, by means of serum absorption test, we recognized a strain which contains a major thermolabile antigen. The antigen was purified by Sephadex G-200, and it was used to inoculate rabbits. With the immunoserum at hand, we identified 68 of the domestic chinese strains and 6 of alien strains for serotyping by bi-directional agar diffusion test. The results showed that 68 strains were identified serotype I, 3 strains serotype II, and the remaining 3 comparable with those reported indicating that strains of serotype I were found mostly in Asia, and that the serotype are unrelated to their existing environments, nor that of animal bodies, but connected with their existence in geographic distribution.

China↗

PubMed1990

[Clinical characteristics of the lung diseases due to Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare classified by DNA probe test].

Clinical characteristics of the lung diseases due to M. avium and M. intracellulare classified by DNA probe test were investigated. Between M. avium and M. intracellulare, there was no significant differences in the samples' backgrounds and the clinical characteristics except for their prognoses. The prognosis of the lung diseases due to M. intracellulare was better than those due to M. avium, and M. avium was revealed to be highly susceptible to Cyclocerine than M. intracellulare. No remarkable difference was found in the susceptibility to other antituberculous drugs.

DNA Probes↗

PubMed1990

Serological arguments for classifying Raynaud's phenomenon as idiopathic.

Twenty-five patients with idiopathic Raynaud's phenomenon were followed prospectively for a mean period of 48 months. Clinical and laboratory assessments were performed on admission and on followup. The sera were analyzed for the presence of autoantibodies (antinuclear, antiskeleton and antiorganelle antibodies). Sixteen patients were antinuclear antibody positive and 2 anticentromere antibody positive. Eight patients produced antivimentin, 5 antimitochondrial, 4 anti-Golgi complex, and 3 anticentriol antibodies. Eleven patients produced antidesmosome antibodies. Only one patient (anti-RNP and antidesmosome antibody positive) developed a systemic disease (mixed connective tissue disease) during followup. The initial screening of sera may help to classify Raynaud's phenomenon as idiopathic more accurately.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

[Characteristic of cell components in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in patients with bronchial asthma classified by clinical symptoms].

The characteristics of cell components in BALF were examined in three groups of 104 patients with bronchial asthma, classified by clinical symptoms. 1. The frequency of neutrophils in BALF was significantly higher in patients with hypersecretion type (Ib) and in cases with bronchiolar obstruction type (II) than in cases with simple bronchoconstriction type (Ia). 2. A significantly higher proportions of neutrophils in BALF was observed in atopic asthmatics with type Ib than in non-atopic asthmatics with type Ib. 3. More frequency with moderate or high grade of eosinophilia in BALF were observed in cases with type Ib, whether they were atopic or non-atopic type. 4. More frequency with moderate or high grade of neutrophilia in BALF were observed in atopic cases with Ib and in both atopic and non-atopic cases with II. 5. Cases with moderate and high grade of both eosinophilia and neutrophilia in BALF were more frequent in atopic cases with Ib. The results suggest followings--1) both eosinophils and neutrophils participate in hypersecretion of type Ib in atopic cases, and only eosinophils in non-atopic cases. 2) neutrophils participate in bronchiolar obstruction of type II, whether they are atopic or non-atopic cases.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1990

Classifying clinical severity to help solve problems of stage migration in nonconcurrent comparisons of lung cancer therapy.

To compare the effects of stage migration in the "traditional" 3-stage TNM (tumor, node, metastasis) system with those in a new "expanded" 5-stage system, which has two additional stages for the poor prognostic groups, we used both systems to classify a cohort of 178 patients with primary lung cancer. To check for migrations, the stages in both systems were first assigned using only "old" technological information and were then reassigned using all the available "new" as well as old technological data. Although the 5-stage system had more migrations than the 3-stage system, survival rates were relatively unaffected for patients in the two new stages with poor prognosis. In both TNM staging patterns, the effects of stage migration on survival statistics were most impressive in the prognostically better (TNM I and II) stages. A solution to the migration problem is offered by the "clinical severity" (CS) staging system. Like the expanded TNM system, the CS system has 5 stages and a sharp prognostic gradient among stages. The CS system, however, had fewer technology-induced stage migrations than either TNM system, and the migrations had no substantial impact on stage-specific survival results. The excellent prognostic discrimination and secular stability of the CS system make it superior to the TNM system for comparing treatment results from different eras, especially for patients with stage I and II disease.

Humans↗

PubMed1990

[Utilization of butanols by disease-associated Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare classified by DNA probe test and relationship with their ability to grow at 45 degrees C].

Utilization of n-butanol and iso-butanol by Mycobacterium avium and M. intracellulare classified by DNA probe test (20 strains each) was studied. The majority (14 strains) of M. avium could grow at 45 degrees C, but none of M. intracellulare grew at the same temperature. All M. avium and the majority of M. intracellulare (80%) utilized n-butanol but failed to utilize iso-butanol. Therefore, the utilization test of butanols is inadequate for classification of these species.

Butanols↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[A physiologic approach to determining and classifying the energy requirements of the population of the USSR].

To develop more accurate recommendations on physiological requirements of the population of the USSR in food substances and energy the author has suggested a new classification of energy expenditure based on the account of the human physical activity with respect to the basal metabolism values. The data are presented on the basal metabolism for different populations depending on the sex, age and body mass. Energy expenditures are classified in the values relative to the basal metabolism. Daily energy expenditures of men have been divided into 5 groups depending on the hardness of their labour: very easy, easy, not very hard, hard and very hard labor. Four groups of physical activity or labor have been suggested for women, these groups correspond to the first four groups developed for men.

Energy Metabolism↗

PubMed1989

[Observation of gaps between the teeth classified by Eichner as type A].

1,030 sets of teeth classified by Eichner as type A (single gap between the teeth) were examined in view to tooth shifting, tipping and periodontal condition on the gap's antagonists and the gap's neighbours. If it is necessary to close the gap with prosthetic means is dependent on the mode of individual reaction which is estimated on a long-term-observation of gap areal (clinical and radiographic). The stability of position of gap antagonist or gap neighbour point to a positive bone factor (by Glickman). Only those cases ought not to treat.

Dentition↗

PubMed1989

Bacterial aromatic ring-cleavage enzymes are classified into two different gene families.

Dioxygenases that catalyze the cleavage of the aromatic ring are classified into two groups according to their mode of ring fission. Substrates of ring-cleavage dioxygenases usually contain hydroxyl groups on adjacent aromatic carbons, and intradiol enzymes cleave the ring between these two hydroxyl groups. Extradiol enzymes in contrast cleave the ring between one hydroxylated carbon and its adjacent nonhydroxylated carbon. In this study, we determined the complete nucleotide sequence of nahC, the structural gene for 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene dioxygenase encoded in the NAH7 plasmid of Pseudomonas putida. This enzyme is an extradiol ring-cleavage enzyme that cleaves the first ring of 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene. The amino acid sequence of the dioxygenase deduced from the DNA sequence demonstrated that the molecular weight of the enzyme is 33,882. This result was in agreement with those of maxicell analyses that showed that the nahC product was a 36-kDa protein. Interestingly, the amino acid sequence of 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene dioxygenase was 50% homologous with that of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl dioxygenase, which catalyzes extradiol cleavage of the first ring of 2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl (Furukawa, K., Arimura, N., and Miyazaki, T. (1987) J. Bacteriol. 169, 427-429). The amino acid sequence similarity of 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene dioxygenase with catechol 2,3-dioxygenase, which is an authentic extradiol dioxygenase, was rather low (16%). However, a statistical analysis by the method of S. B. Needleman and C. D. Wunsch [1970) J. Mol. Biol. 48, 443-453) clearly showed that these two dioxygenases are evolutionarily related. Therefore, these extradiol enzymes are considered as products of the same gene superfamily. From the significant sequence similarity between intradiol enzymes, it has been shown (Neidle, E. L., Harnett, C., Bonitz, S., and Ornston, L. N. (1988) J. Bacteriol. 170, 4874-4880) that intradiol enzymes evolved from a common ancestor. Comparison of the amino acid sequence of extradiol enzymes with those of intradiol dioxygenases did not show any significant global or localized similarity.

Amino Acid Sequence↗

PubMed1989

Validity of anthropometry in classifying youths as obese.

Using densitometrically-determined percentage body fat as the criterion of true obesity, 316 youths aged 8.4-18.99 years were classified as obese or not obese using conventional referent values for five anthropometric indicators of obesity (weight, BMI, triceps skinfold, subscapular skinfold and percent body fat estimated from the sum of four skinfolds). Estimates of sensitivity, specificity, predictive value and efficiency were used to describe the relative validity of the anthropometric indicators, and the nature of misclassification resulting when the indicators were applied. The indicators were characterized generally by low levels of sensitivity and corresponding high rates of false negatives, i.e. truly obese youths who were considered not obese by the indicators. Although indicators had high specificities, there were significant differences among indicators. The general pattern of high specificity is desirable, given the nature of obesity in youths. Using the validity criteria and conventional referent values, triceps skinfold thickness in boys and BMI in girls are the preferred single anthropometric indicators of obesity in youths.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1989

Use of the adaptive classifier for determination of LD50 in the acute radiation disease.

In experiments on female Wistar rats a new method for the determination of LD50 is demonstrated and compared with the classical probit method using the same experimental animals. The method is applicable for the computation of LD50 and analogical quantities in man, too. The method is based on the application of an adaptive logical circuit (ADALINE) trained for the dichotomous prognostic classification of irradiated individuals quod vitam according to a set of clinical and laboratory indicators registered on the third day after irradiation. After the training procedure has been finished, the classifier makes possible an individual prognosis of survival or death. The analogue output signal according to which the classification is performed changes continually from negative to positive values and exhibits S-shaped relation to the radiation dose. Its zero value corresponds to the position of LD50 on the abscissa. For the construction of the searched function, i.e. for the optimum approximation of experimentally obtained values of the output signal, the method of the changeable polyhedron was applied belonging to the optimalization numerical methods used in the regulation technics. The computed value of LD50 was 7.80 Gy in rats very closely corresponding with the value 7.61 Gy determined by means of the classical probit method.

Acute Disease↗

PubMed1989

[Morphometric studies of the histologically classified chorionic villi of human placentas].

The ratio between surfaces of mature and immature villi of 74 human placentae (17 from premature births and 57 from births on term) was morphometrically determined. The number of histologically classified chorionic villi was recorded, as well. The smallest surface and numbers of mature villi were recorded with significance from premature births and from hypotrophic newborns below the tenth weight percentile. The number of mature villi was found to grow continuously within a "transitional class" (tenth to 25th percentile) up to eutrophic newborns. This trend, however, was not recordable from immature villi. The diagnostic pattern recommended for routine examinations is based on numerical determination of so-called "mature normal villi".

Apgar Score↗

PubMed1986

beta-Hexosaminidase from colon and sera of dukes-classified colorectal cancer patients: activity levels, isozyme patterns, and kinetic properties.

Total activity levels, isozyme patterns, and kinetic properties of beta-hexosaminidase were studied in crude supernatants of malignant and adjacent, uninvolved normal colon tissues and in sera from 28 Dukes-classified colorectal cancer patients. A significant increase (P less than .001) in both beta-hexosaminidase activity and beta-hexosaminidase specific activity and a significant increase (P less than .01) in the relative percentage of activity comprised by the basic thermostable form of beta-hexosaminidase (Hex B) isozyme were found in malignant tissue compared to the activities seen in uninvolved normal colon tissue. No apparent correlations were found between either beta-hexosaminidase activity levels or relative percentage of Hex B and Dukes category. Kinetic analysis indicated that the thermolabile form of beta-hexosaminidase and Hex B from malignant colon were comparable to the corresponding isozymes from normal colon with regard to thermostability after preincubation at 50 degrees C and pH activity curves (optimum between pH 4.0 and 5.0). Significantly decreased (P less than .05) beta-hexosaminidase activity was found in sera of the 28 colorectal cancer patients (17.3 +/- 5.2 U/ml, mean +/- SD) when compared to the activity in 19 controls with nonmalignant diseases (21.4 +/- 8.2 U/ml) and 17 normal controls (21.3 +/- 6.4 U/ml). Isoelectric focusing indicated that a peak of beta-hexosaminidase activity with an isoelectric point value (9.5) comparable to that of the peak found in increased amounts in malignant colon was detectable in the sera of 36% of the colorectal cancer patients and 11% of the controls.

Colonic Neoplasms↗

PubMed1985

Phenotypic analysis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells which are classified as non-T non-B and negative for common ALL antigen.

When phenotypic marker analysis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells (102 cases) was performed, a group of ALL cells (15 cases) classified as non-T non-B, and negative for common-ALL antigen (CALLA) was characterized in a focused manner. "Non-T non-B" was defined as negative for T cell properties such as E-rosetting or reactivity with anti-human T-cell monoclonal antibodies (T101, WT1), and absence of any B-cell characteristics (cell surface and/or cytoplasmic immunoglobulin and reactivity with B1 monoclonal antibody). Despite their marked heterogeneity, CALLA(-) non-T non-B ALL cells revealed three different phenotypic patterns in terms of presence of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and of reactivity with antimyeloid (MCS1) or myelomonocyte (MCS2 and OKM1) monoclonal antibodies. Four of 15 cases reacted with some myeloid-specific antibodies, but were negative for TdT. Six cases had both MCS2 antigen and TdT. The remaining five cases expressed no myeloid antigens, but were positive for TdT with some exceptions. These findings showed that acute leukemias with myeloid antigens might be involved in CALLA(-) non-T non-B ALL having no relationship to the presence of TdT, and, furthermore, that the blasts with simultaneous expression of TdT and myeloid-specific antigen (MCS2) might represent an immature stage in hematopoietic differentiation closely corresponding with the bifurcation of the lymphocyte/myeloid pathway. Alternatively, only five cases remained "unclassified leukemia." We therefore think that the detailed examination of CALLA(-) non-T non-B ALL cells using myeloid specific antibodies is helpful in clarifying the characteristics of myeloid precursors and the common bipotential stem cell of lymphoid and myeloid progenitors.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

Historical outline of attempts to classify skin diseases.

Over the years physicians have attempted to classify skin diseases. Plenck and Willan were the first to outline clearly the basic components of skin diseases and to devise classifications based on living gross pathologic features. With the development of molecular biology, etiologic classification--a system unrelated to that of clinical appearance--was begun. Most current textbooks present combinations of these two systems and those based on location or on other concepts.

Austria↗

PubMed1987

French registry of acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes. Age distribution and hemogram analysis of the 4496 cases recorded during 1982-1983 and classified according to FAB criteria. Groupe Francais de Morphologie Hematologique.

During 1982 and 1983, 4496 new cases were recorded in the French Registry of acute leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes by the French Group of Hematologic Morphology. This cooperative group associated members of 37 university centers spread throughout France; these centers handle the overwhelming majority of acute leukemias diagnoses. The cases were all classified according to FAB guidelines. Two thousand four hundred ninety-nine cases of acute myeloid leukemia were recorded, with similar total recruitment and distribution by cytologic subclass for both years. Hemogram data analysis revealed significant differences between different classes for certain parameters, particularly leukocytosis. A greater proportion of the acute myelogenous leukemias (AMLs) secondary to chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy (n = 145) were unclassifiable according to the French-American-British (FAB) system than the de novo AMLs (n = 1954). Eight hundred twenty cases of myelodysplastic syndromes were analyzed. Their frequency was underestimated due to optional reporting during the first year and the less favorable position of the university centers for recruiting these syndromes. The characteristics of the hemograms were established for acquired idiopathic sideroblastic anemia (n = 107), refractory anemia with excess blasts (RAEB) (n = 329), chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (n = 129) and RAEB in transformation (n = 65). Analysis of the 1177 acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs) recorded showed good stability from one year to the next in terms of numbers of cases and distribution in the subclasses L1, L2, and L3. The distribution among these three subclasses by age also was determined. For L1 and L2 the hemogram data were examined separately for adults and children. The study of 74 cases of type L3 ALL enabled us to detail the hematologic presentation of this rare form of leukemia.

Acute Disease↗