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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed2003

[Methods and possibilities of research in medicine in ancient Egypt].

A recent monograph on Ancient Egyptian medicine provided the occasion for this article. Apart from highlighting the monograph's shortcomings, this article discusses some crucial problems of research and possible avenues for future investigations in this field. Much additional information can be expected from hitherto unpublished sources. Also the already known source materials permit further insights. Relevant aspects are, among others, the order of recipes and the structure of texts, the relationship of magic to medicine, and the secret names for ingredients. Intensified research on the late period data will further clarify the issue of contacts to Greek medicine and of influences on Coptic medicine.

Egypt, Ancient↗
PubMed2003

Use of GLIF to model a behavioral intervention.

As a first step towards creating an ontology describing behavioral interventions, we created an ontology of PACE-Adolescent, a theory-based behavioral intervention, using PROTEGE-2000 and GLIF3. In the ontology, we were able to describe the overall behavioral protocol using GLIF3, adding additional ontology components to describe counseling actions, to enumerate behavioral theory constructs, and to link actions to constructs. We hope to work towards facilitating formal analysis of behavioral interventions and reuse and retesting of their components.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2004

[Old English plant names from the linguistic and lexicographic viewpoint].

Roughly 1350 Old English plant names have come down to us; this is a relatively large number considering that the attested Old English vocabulary comprises ca. 24 000 words. The plant names are not only interesting for botanists, historians of medicine and many others, but also for philologists and linguists; among other aspects they can investigate their etymology, their morphology (including word-formation) and their meaning and motivation. Practically all Old English texts where plant names occur have been edited (including glosses and glossaries), the names have been listed in the Old English dictionaries, and some specific studies have been devoted to them. Nevertheless no comprehensive systematic analysis of their linguistic structure has been made. Ulrike Krischke is preparing such an analysis. A proper dictionary of the Old English plant names is also a desideratum, especially since the Old English dictionaries available and in progress normally do not deal with morphological and semantic aspects, and many do not provide etymological information. A plant-name dictionary concentrating on this information is being prepared by Hans Sauer and Ulrike Krischke. In our article here, we sketch the state of the art (ch. 1), we deal with some problems of the analysis of Old English plant names (ch. 2), e.g. the delimitation of the word-field plant names, the identification of the plants, errors and problematic spellings in the manuscripts. In ch. 3 we sketch the etymological structure according to chronological layers (Indo-European, Germanic, West-Germanic, Old English) as well as according to the distinction between native words and loan-words; in the latter category, we also mention loan-formations based on Latin models. In ch. 4 we survey the morphological aspects (simplex vs. complex words); among the complex nouns, compounds are by far the largest group (and among those, the noun + noun compounds), but there are also a few suffix formations. We also briefly present some morphological peculiarities, e.g. formations with blocked (unique) morphemes, the question of homonyms, cases of obscuration and of popular etymology. In ch. 5 we outline semantic structures, and in ch. 6, we introduce the structure of the proposed dictionary of the Old English plant names, also providing several specimen entries.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

An evidence-based journal club for dental residents in a GPR program.

The journal club offers a significant opportunity to serve as both an educational experience but also as a real-world example of the application of the principles and practices of evidence-based dentistry (EBD). Designed around the American Dental Association's recommended four steps in the implementation of the EBD process, the journal clubs are held once per month for GPR residents. The structured process allows residents to formulate answerable clinical questions, track down with maximum efficiency the best evidence with which to answer the questions, critically appraise the evidence for its validity and usefulness, and apply the results of this appraisal in clinical practice as appropriate.

Databases as Topic↗
PubMed2005

Vocabulary requirements for implementing clinical guidelines in an electronic medical record: a case study.

As part of a larger effort to automate guidelines we determined the number and types of clinical variables required to implement two complex clinical guidelines and the adequacy of the electronic medical record (EMR) to capture them. 178 unique variables were required by both guidelines. Variables were classified as simple (existing observation terms in the EMR), calculated (transformations of simple variables), and complex (requiring multiple simple variables and logical rules for combining them). Many variables are unlikely to be instantiated in an EMR without focused efforts to collect them. In addition, many variables required knowledge that was neither provided in the guideline nor referenced. We conclude that, although the EMR contains the necessary variables to implement these guidelines, successful automated implementation requires unambiguous definition of required terms, incorporation of additional knowledge not provided in the guideline and modification of workflow to collect variables not normally captured in routine clinical care.

Decision Support Systems, Clinical↗
PubMed2006

Men who have sex with men--a management approach for GPs.

BACKGROUND: At least one in 20 Australian men report sexual contact with another man in their lifetime. Men who have sex with other men have higher rates of sexually transmitted infections, and are more likely to experience mental health problems and use recreational drugs and alcohol. OBJECTIVE: This article describes the health problems and sexual behaviour of men who have sex with men and provides an outline and an approach to discussing sexuality in general practice. DISCUSSION: Sexuality can be difficult to discuss in general practice. A nonjudgmental approach to men who have sex with men may facilitate early identification of the relevant health issues.

Australia↗
PubMed1989

[Common international names and trademarks in the pharmaceutical field].

This issue describes the selection procedures to obtain the International Nonproprietary Names (DCI o INN) and Italian Nonproprietary Names (DCIt). The former are approved by WHO, the latter by the Italian Health Authority. The peculiar characteristic is that the chemically- and pharmacologically-related compounds show a common relationship with the denomination. The procedures to obtain the Proprietary Trademarks deeply differ from those governing INN. Trademarks are granted by the Patent Offices and for their protection, unlike INN, it is necessary to file the application to ale the interested Countries. Through a unique application, the international protection to the 21 Countries that ratified the Arrangement of Madrid may be obtained. Moreover this issue explains also described the rules adopted by the different Countries, first use right, expiration for non use, mechanism for their registration, means of defence and maintenance of Trademarks.

Patents as Topic↗