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Results for “TOXINS AND ANTITOXINS”

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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Orally administered bovine colostral anti-cholera toxin antibodies: results of two clinical trials.

PURPOSE: Previous reports have suggested that binding of luminal toxin by orally administered antitoxin antibodies might be a feasible treatment for cholera. We therefore conducted two randomized, controlled clinical trials to test the therapeutic efficacy of orally administered anti-cholera toxin bovine colostral immunoglobulins in patients with cholera diarrhea. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In Trial I, 45 patients with cholera were randomly assigned to receive two doses (2 g in 100 ml of water each) of anti-cholera toxin bovine colostral immunoglobulins, non-immune bovine colostral immunoglobulins, or 100 ml of water alone. In Trial II, 20 patients were randomly assigned to receive either 2 g of anti-cholera toxin bovine colostral immunoglobulins or non-immune bovine colostral immunoglobulins or water every two hours for a total of eight doses. The mean stool volumes in each of two sequential eight-hour periods following initiation of therapy were not significantly different among study groups in either trial. RESULTS: Measurement of immunoglobulin in stools showed that bovine IgG was detected in 19 of 25 patients given bovine colostral immunoglobulins in both trials. Cholera toxin neutralizing activity, as assessed with the rabbit ileal loop assay, was found in the stools of three of seven patients given anti-cholera toxin bovine colostral immunoglobulins in Trail I, and in all six patients given anti-cholera toxin bovine colostral immunoglobulins in Trail II. CONCLUSION: We conclude that oral anti-cholera toxin bovine colostral immunoglobulins are not effective in the treatment of patients with active cholera diarrhea. The prophylactic benefit of oral antitoxin antibody remains to be determined.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed2002

[Clinical and epidemiological analysis of patients with botulism hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Disease, Medical University of Lublin in 1990-2000].

In the paper we presented results of clinical and epidemiological analysis of 32 patients with botulism hospitalized at the Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Lublin in 1990-2000. In the studied group, the relationships between botulism incidence and sex and place of residence were not significant. The incubation period ranged from 7 hours to 5 days (average 36 hrs). The clinical manifestations of botulism were typical in all cases. In one female patient the course of disease was complicated. She developed right-sided bronchopneumonia and left-sided purulent parotitis. The type B botulinum toxin occurred more frequently than the other types and the cases without serological confirmation (Chi 2 = 6.125 p = 0.01). It was found in serum of 23 patients (in 2 cases together with the type A toxin). The type E toxin was found in serum of one patient. The presence of toxin in serum was not detected in 8 patients. In all patients trivalent (types A, B and E) equine antitoxin was administered. The dose ranged from 50 to 150 cm3. Symptomatic treatment was given in all cases. Nobody required mechanical ventilation. The duration of hospitalization ranged from 5 to 28 days (average 16.6 days). A few patients complained of long-lasting blurred vision or dry mouth.

Adult↗