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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Learning from patients with cancer and their spouses: a focus group study.

Guidelines, standards and protocols are now widespread in clinical oncology. Although based on randomized trial evidence where possible, most are based on professional consensus. However, the goal of incorporating patient and carer views meaningfully in such guidelines has proved elusive. We performed a qualitative, focus group study of patients with head and neck cancer, their carers and bereaved carers in the South and West of England. Patients and carers were asked to discuss their views on a series of professionally-derived standards for care. Pilot work showed that convening patient groups twice was more productive, allowing the first to discuss 'the patient story/journey' and the second to be more directed at specific standards, suitably translated into lay language. The results demonstrated that such methodology was applicable even to groups of patients traditionally viewed as 'difficult', such as laryngectomy patients, facially disfigured persons and bereaved carers. Participants were able to comment meaningfully on the standards and the process of head and neck cancer care as a whole. National (BAO-HNS) standards were modified with the results of the study. Focus groups, especially reconvened groups, are an effective way of gaining patient and carer views of professionally-derived standards in oncology. However, professional qualitative researcher help is required, and it is not necessarily 'easy' or cheap.

Caregivers↗
PubMed2000

Characteristics of nonsmoking women exposed to spouses who smoke: epidemiologic study on environment and health in women from four Italian areas.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether risk factors associated with cardiovascular or respiratory diseases and lung cancer occur differently among nonsmoking women in Italy with and without exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) from husbands that smoke. We performed a cross-sectional study of 1,938 nonsmoking women in four areas of Italy. Data on respiratory and cardiovascular risk factors and on diet were collected using self-administered questionnaires. Medical examinations and blood tests were administered; urine cotinine levels were measured. Nonsmoking women ever exposed to husbands' smoking were compared with unexposed women for several factors: education, husband's education, household crowding, number of children, current or past occupation, exposure to toxic substances at work, parental diseases, self-perceived health status, physician-diagnosed hypertension, hypercholesterol, diabetes, osteoporosis, chronic respiratory diseases, blood pressure medications, lifestyle and preventive behaviors, dietary variables, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist-hip ratio, triceps skin folds, plasma antioxidant (pro-) vitamins (- and ss-carotene, retinol, l-ascorbic acid, -tocopherol, lycopene), serum total and HDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. Women married to smokers were more likely to be less educated, to be married to a less educated husband, and to live in more crowded dwellings than women married to nonsmokers. Women married to smokers were significantly less likely to eat cooked [odds ratio (OR) = 0.72; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.55-0.93] or fresh vegetables (OR = 0.63; CI, 0.49-0.82) more than once a day than women not exposed to ETS. Exposed women had significantly higher urinary cotinine than unexposed subjects (difference: 2.94 ng/mg creatinine). All the other variables were not more prevalent among exposed compared to unexposed subjects. The results regarding demographic factors are easily explained by the social class distribution of smoking in Italy. A lower intake of vegetables among exposed women in our study is consistent with the available literature. Overall, our results do not support previous claims of more frequent risk factors for cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases among ETS-exposed subjects. In Italy, as elsewhere in Europe and North America, women who have never smoked but are married to smokers are likely to be of lower social class than those married to never-smokers. However, once socioeconomic differences are considered, the possibility of confounding in studies on the health effects of ETS is minimal.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Spouse abuse: social learning, attribution and interventions.

Forty male respondents, 20 batterers and 20 non-batterers comparably matched for education, sex, age, employment, and occupation in a non-probabilistic sample, were administered the Conflict Tactics Scale and the Causal Dimension Scale in order to measure exposure to violence in both family and non-family environments and to determine how respondents attributed the cause of spousal conflict. The results demonstrate that batterers were exposed to violence in non-family environments, particularly with their friends, and did not differ with respect to exposure to violence and suggestions are made with respect to points of intervention.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Grief shortly after suicide and natural death: a comparative study among spouses and first-degree relatives.

Chronic dysfunction after complicated grief is not rare and emphasizes the need to identify bereaved individuals at risk. Three months following bereavement, self-reported psychiatric and general health of 153 relatives of 74 suicides was worse than of 70 relatives of 39 natural deaths. Moreover, the felt need for professional help was higher among the former, even after adjustment for expectedness of death, sociodemographic differences, and relatives'/spouses' neuroticism. This suggests that suicide-bereaved individuals may constitute a high-risk group of mourners in need of targeted postvention.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Impact of spouse violence on the decision to have an abortion].

Studies on marital violence against women have contributed to a better understanding of the health problems to which this population is exposed to, especially those related to reproduction. The need to investigate more deeply connections between home violence and provoked abortion has elicited questions like: "Does the decision to abort occur during the violence cycle as a moment of autonomy for the woman or is she forced to do it? The purpose of this qualitative study is to describe manifestations of marital violence among women admitted to the hospital due to provoked abortions, analyzing the influence of such violence on their decision to have an abortion. With the results, the study intends to broaden the discussion on home violence and abortion, giving visibility to these problems in the context of health services.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed2001

[Care of women victims of spouse violence from the Heidegger's perspective of the technology world].

This is concerned with a reflexive text that approaches the subject of the care to women that suffer conjugal violence in an analytic perspective of the world of the technique, developed from conceptions and concepts of Martin Heidegger, contemporary philosopher of phenomenology. The care of women that suffer conjugal violence appears as one that considers values, decision, trust to care, knowledge and care actions and its consequences.

Female↗
PubMed2003

[Spouse violence: experiences expressed in male narratives].

Aiming the research of violence experiences in conjugal relation, this descriptive study, of qualitative and quantitative approach, aimed to identify conjugal violence in male discourse. Population was composed of 50 men residing in Calafate community, San Martin, a quarter in Salvador/Ba. In order to collect data, one utilized the interview with semi-structured formulary. Sample was characterized by men between 20 and 40 years old (74%) cohabiting. Concerning to conjugal violence, we found an 80% index. Relating to the forms of violence, we've distinguished emotional and physical violence.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Physically abusive spouse--a risk factor of pelvic inflammatory disease?

The study was designed to reveal possible associations between living in an abusive relationship and gynaecological disorders, including pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Comparisons were made between 66 women exposed to physical abuse and 114 randomly sampled women from the same area who were not abused. Data were obtained from personal interviews. 38 (58%) of the study women and 14 (12%) in the control group had experienced at least one episode of PID (p less than 0.001), with a crude odds ratio (OR) of 9.7 (95% confidence interval (CI) from 4.8 to 19.7). Most of the women in both groups had been treated by a general practitioner. Data related to sexual characteristics were included in a model of logistic regression. The adjusted OR of being exposed to a physically abusive relationship was 8.4 (CI 3.8, 18.4). Ever having been divorced was the only other factor that was significantly associated with a history of PID, OR = 3.6 (CI 1.7, 7.9) in the combined group.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Helping spouses with chronic sorrow related to multiple sclerosis.

1. Chronic sorrow is defined as a pervasive sadness that is permanent, periodic, and progressive in nature. 2. Milestones or events which caused the sorrow to recur were major themes in this study. 3. The participants identified what was helpful and not helpful in coping with these feelings, gave practical advice for similar individuals, and offered suggestions for nurses and other caregivers.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed2004

Older married couples and health promotion: joint decision-making process for long-term spouses.

The purpose of this study was to explore communication patterns between long-term married couples to better understand the process by which later-life couples participate in health promotion. Forty community-residing couples married for 30 years or longer were asked to respond to open-ended questions and to participate in a decision-making activity. The majority of couples made health decisions jointly, with wives acting as the final deciders 54% of the time. Most couples used positive communication strategies during a structured scenario. Findings highlight the importance of expanding beyond traditional individual-focused models to include joint decision-making processes. Implications for future research and for nursing practice are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1996

Helping spouses with chronic sorrow related to multiple sclerosis.

1. Chronic sorrow is defined as a pervasive sadness that is permanent, periodic, and progressive in nature. 2. Milestones or events which caused the sorrow to recur were major themes in this study. 3. The participants identified what was helpful and not helpful in coping with these feelings, gave practical advice for similar individuals, and offered suggestions for nurses and other caregivers.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1996

Not gone and not forgotten: a spouse's experience of late-stage Alzheimer's disease.

1. Late-stage caregiving is different from earlier stages, is difficult, and requires an empathic response from staff. 2. Ethical decision-making, supportive care, and the inevitability of death are important late-stage caregiver topics. Staff should understand the concept of palliative care. 3. Current educational programs and family support groups should be assessed for attention to late-stage caregiver issues. Further research is needed on helping families prepare for and cope with late stage caregiving.

Adaptation, Psychological↗