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Results for “Splenic Infarction”

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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Arterial occlusion causing large bowel infarction--a reflection of clotting diathesis in SLE.

The patient, a 44-year old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus, (SLE), developed infarction of the bowel and spleen after occlusion of the inferior mesenteric and splenic arteries, necessitating colectomy and splenectomy. She had had previous cerebral thromboses and a lower limb deep vein thrombosis. Histological examination of the involved vessels showed the presence of thrombus only with the total absence of any vasculitis. The patient demonstrated antibodies to phospholipid - the "lupus anticoagulant" (LA) and antibodies to cardiolipin in serum, both strongly associated with thromboses.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Pancreatico-pleural fistula in chronic pancreatitis with necrosis of the pancreatic tail].

HISTORY AND CLINICAL FINDINGS: A 68-year-old male was admitted to the hospital with progressive dyspnea and thoracic pain radiating to the shoulder, back and upper abdomen. The patients medical history included hypertension, diabetes and chronic pancreatitis with splenic vein thrombosis. INVESTIGATIONS: Laboratory findings showed no signs of myocardial infarction, but pronounced inflammation. The ECG was normal. Chest X-ray revealed a massive left-side pleural effusion with partial lung atelectasis. An abdominal CT-scan showed no signs of acute pancreatitis. Puncture of the pleural effusion revealed elevated amylase and lipase. ERCP showed pancreatic duct stenosis, partial necrosis of the pancreatic body and peripancreatic necrosis with a pancreatico-pleural fistula. TREATMENT AND CLINICAL COURSE: After ballon-dilatation of the constricted pancreatic duct, a plastic stent and a nasopancreatic drain were inserted into the necrosis and into the fistula. Drainage and antibiotic therapy led to regression of the necrosis within 3 weeks. With external pleural drainage and octreotide therapy almost complete regression of the pleural effusion and closure of the pancreatico-pleural fistula could be achieved within 3 weeks. CONCLUSION: Complications of chronic pancreatitis such as necrosis and fistulas are rare, but important differential diagnoses in patients with chronic pancreatitis and chest pain. A combination of transpapillary or transgastral endoscopic drainage procedures and pleural drainage, sometimes with additional octreotide therapy is the treatment of choice.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

MRI of splenic hemangioma associated with thrombocytopenia.

In contrast to the only previously published description, the magnetic resonance appearance of a splenic hemangioma was markedly heterogeneous on T2-weighted images due to extensive infarction and large vascular pools. Magnetic resonance images correlated precisely with the pathological findings. The hemangioma caused thrombocytopenia, a well-documented albeit rare hematologic phenomenon associated with visceral hemangioma.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Transcatheter partial splenic arterial embolization in patients with hypersplenism: a clinical evaluation as supporting therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis.

Eleven cases with hypersplenism, one with liver cirrhosis and ten with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) associated with liver cirrhosis, underwent transcatheter partial splenic arterial embolization. In four of ten HCC cases, the spleen was accidentally infarcted during the procedure of transcatheter hepatic arterial embolization (TAE). The mean infarcted area of the spleen was 55.7%. An increase in the peripheral platelet count was particularly remarkable and continued over one year after the embolization. High fever and abdominal pain were observed in all cases. The fever was seen for 18.0 days and pain was noted for an average of 12.8 days after the embolization. Other adverse effects such as pleural effusion and ascites were transitorily observed. Splenic embolization is an effective supporting therapy for hypersplenism in patients with cirrhosis or HCC.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Lung squamous cell carcinoma producing both parathyroid hormone-related peptide and granulocyte colony stimulating factor.

An autopsy case of a 61 year old male with primary squamous cell carcinoma of the lung with associated marked leukocytosis and hypercalcemia is reported. High levels of serum parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) and granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) were detected. The tumor cells distinctly showed positive cytoplasmic immunoreactions with anti-PTHrP and anti-GCSF antibodies. Marked granulocytosis and thin bony trabeculae lacking osteoblasts were observed in the vertebral bone. Calcium deposits were found in the proximal tubules of the kidneys. Infarcts were seen as a result of fibrin thrombosis of the splenic artery. The tumor was successfully transplanted into nude mice in which the high levels of serum PTHrP and GCSF were reproduced. These results indicate that the tumor simultaneously produced both PTHrP and GCSF causing the paraneoplastic syndromes of hypercalcemia and leukocytosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Cystic masses of the spleen: radiologic-pathologic correlation.

Many focal splenic lesions may appear to be cystic at cross-sectional imaging. In this article, the following types of cystic splenic masses are discussed: congenital (true cyst), inflammatory (abscesses, hydatid cyst), vascular (infarction, peliosis), posttraumatic (hematoma, false cyst), and neoplastic (hemangioma, lymphangioma, lymphoma, metastasis). The key findings at ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging can be correlated with underlying gross and microscopic pathologic findings. Although tissue sampling is still required in many cases to yield a definitive diagnosis, recognition and understanding of the spectrum of imaging and pathologic features of these lesions often help narrow the differential diagnosis.

Cysts↗
PubMed1991

Viral haemorrhagic disease of rabbits in Mexico: epidemiology and viral characterization.

A fatal disease of rabbits was first reported in the People's Republic of China in 1984. Since 1986, the disease has been reported in most countries of Europe and in the Republic of Korea. In 1989 a similar disease, presumably linked to the importation of rabbit meat from the People's Republic of China, spread rapidly through ten states in Mexico; it was eradicated during the same year by "stamping-out" measures. In Mexico, as was the case in other outbreaks, morbidity and mortality reached 80-90% with few clinical signs. In pathogenesis studies, the primary sites of replication were in the small intestinal crypt and villous epithelium, hepatocytes and splenic lymphocytes. Many organs, including the lung and kidney, contained acutely infarcted tissue and haemorrhages resulting from a terminal disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. The disease and the characteristics of the virus isolated in Mexico are similar to isolates from Europe and the Republic of Korea. The comparative morphologic, from Europe and the Republic of Korea. The comparative morphologic, immunologic, and in situ nucleic acid hybridization evidence for a parvovirus aetiology are summarized.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous injection of ethanolamine oleate for hypersplenism. An experimental study in dogs.

In order to evaluate a possible therapy for hypersplenism, an experiment with animals was done. In nine dogs, 0.6 ml/kg body weight of 5% ethanolamine oleate was injected percutaneously into the spleen under ultrasound guidance. The injection was repeated three times at intervals of 1 week. Three dogs each were killed at 1, 4, and 8 weeks after the final injection. All dogs tolerated the procedure well and lived until they were killed. The platelet count and leukocyte count increased after the injections, and remained higher than the pretreatment level until death. This effect probably is due to depressed splenic function. The autopsy showed 40% of the spleen to be infarcted with complete destruction of the normal structure. No serious complications occurred. In addition, injection of ethanolamine oleate in six fully heparinized dogs showed that there was little risk of hemorrhage. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous injection of ethanolamine oleate might be a simple and effective therapy for hypersplenism.

Administration, Cutaneous↗
PubMed1997

Wandering spleen presenting as duodenal obstruction after repair of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.

The most common presentation of the wandering spleen in children is torsion with infarction. Duodenal obstruction by the spleen has not been reported previously. Wandering spleen can accompany congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) because of its loss of retroperitoneal fixation. If absence of normal splenic fixation is found during repair of CDH, splenopexy should be performed to eliminate the risk of torsion, infarction, or, as described here, duodenal obstruction.

Duodenal Obstruction↗
PubMed1988

[Portal hypertension due to thromboses of the portal, splenic and mesenteric veins in congenital protein c deficiency].

In a 39-year-old man there occurred, over a period of four years, mesenteric vein thrombosis with haemorrhagic infarction of the intestines, as well as multiple bleedings from oesophageal varices due to portal hypertension caused by portal vein thrombosis. Search for the cause of the thrombosis tendency revealed congenital protein C deficiency. Splenectomy and a disconnection operation were performed, followed by administration of anticoagulants. Since then the patient has been free of symptoms, and there have been no further variceal bleedings or thromboses.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Contrast enhanced sonography of visceral perfusion defects in dogs.

The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of an intravenous contrast agent (FS069) for visualization of normal visceral perfusion compared with perfusion after segmental infarction in a canine model. Six mongrel dogs were used as subjects. Splenic, renal, hepatic, and small bowel perfusion was assessed without and with intravenous microbubble contrast material using gray scale, color Doppler, pulsed Doppler, and color power Doppler sonography. Each organ was then reassessed after ligation of a segmental vessel. Imaging was again performed without and with contrast material using all four ultrasonographic modalities. In all organs color and spectral Doppler signals were significantly enhanced from normally perfused tissue after intravenous contrast agent injection. Ischemic areas were more conspicuous after contrast medium injection except in the liver. Hepatic perfusion was maintained by portal flow in the liver despite arterial ligation. Ligation of collateral arcades was required to produce bowel ischemia. Intravenous injection of FS069 improves evaluation of visceral perfusion and identification of focal visceral ischemia in dogs. These results suggest that this agent may increase sensitivity for detection of blood flow in small and deep vessels.

Albumins↗
PubMed2001

Ehlers-Danlos syndrome type IV with a unique point mutation in COL3A1 and familial phenotype of myocardial infarction without organic coronary stenosis.

We report on a 43-year-old male patient with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) type IV with acute myocardial infarction (MI) without organic coronary stenosis. The disease was complicated with pneumothorax, subcutaneous and mediastinal emphysema, and splenic artery rupture. Three of the patient's family members suffered sudden cardiac death or MI. A diagnosis of EDS type IV was confirmed by decreased production of type III collagen by 86%. Mutation analysis revealed a point mutation in the COL3A1 gene that substituted glycine for aspartate at amino acid position 877. This mutation had not been reported as pathogenic for EDS type IV. These findings suggest close linkage between the mutation and the phenotype with familial MI.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

CT of congenital and acquired abnormalities of the spleen.

Computed tomography (CT) is an excellent imaging modality for demonstrating the size, shape, and position of the spleen, as well as for depicting intrasplenic pathologic features. However, it has limited value in the diagnosis of splenic involvement by lymphoma. Greater accuracy in diagnosing splenic lymphoma may be obtained by demonstrating adenopathy in the splenic hilum or by showing focal splenic defects, in addition to splenomegaly. In discussing the normal anatomy of the spleen, congenital variations (eg, accessory spleen, polysplenia, asplenia, and wandering spleen), and acquired abnormalities such as those resulting from trauma, infection, infarction, cysts, and neoplasms, this article provides evidence that CT is valuable in showing a wide variety of splenic variations and abnormalities while simultaneously allowing evaluation of the remaining intraabdominal structures. The cases presented demonstrate both the value and limitations of CT in the examination of patients with congenital and acquired abnormalities of the spleen.

Humans↗
PubMed1993

Laparoscopic ligation of splenic artery aneurysm.

Efforts should be made to avoid splenectomy because host resistance is maintained by the spleen. We describe here a 50-year-old woman in whom laparoscopic ligation of a splenic artery aneurysm 3.0 cm in diameter was successfully performed, without major complications. Computed tomography performed 5 months later revealed no infarction in the spleen. For this patient with liver cirrhosis and cholelithiasis, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed at the same operation. Laparoscopic surgery is most feasible when the splenic artery is markedly tortuous and protrudes from the pancreas.

Aneurysm↗
PubMed1982

Partial splenic embolization using polyvinyl alcohol foam, dextran, polystyrene, or silicone. An experimental study in dogs.

Partial splenic arterial embolization (50% reduction in flow) was evaluated in dogs using polyvinyl alcohol foam or microspheres (20-500 mu) made of dextran, polystyrene, or silicone. Dextran and polystyrene were found to be superior for several reasons: they were easier to use, did not shatter when agitated, and produced permanent, homogeneous, peripheral occlusion with only one administration. Partial embolization with dextran or polystyrene increased platelet levels within 1 week and markedly reduced splenic size with minimal if any collateral filling within 6 weeks. Microscopically, no acute infarction or necrosis was seen at 6 weeks; there was some fibrosis, but the remaining parenchyma appeared normal.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Partial splenic embolization in children with hypersplenism.

Partial splenic embolization (PSE) was successfully accomplished in 10 of 11 children, aged 2-9, who had portal hypertension or variceal bleeding. Nine of the 11 children had undergone portoenterostomy (Kasai operation) for biliary atresia, and two had portal vein thrombosis. After embolization these children had a longer period of fever (mean = 23.7 days) and elevated white blood cell (WBC) count (above 10,000, mean = 13.6 days) than adults who have undergone the same procedure. The leukopenia and thrombocytopenia of hypersplenism were corrected by PSE in seven of eight children, and the condition of the eighth child improved. Among ten patients who had experienced episodes of variceal hemorrhage, the frequency of bleeding episodes was reduced from an average of 2.87 per year before PSE to 0.67 per year after PSE. There were no splenic abscesses and no other significant complications of the treatment. Ultrasound (US) evaluation after embolization demonstrated hypoechogenicity of the infarcted areas and tiny, linear echoes scattered throughout the spleen typical of postinfarction intravascular gas. All nine children who underwent follow-up Tc-99m sulfur colloid scanning showed evidence of splenic regeneration, though none has had recurrence of clinical symptoms. Splenic regeneration following PSE may occur more frequently in children than in adults.

Child↗
PubMed1984

[Primary splenic cyst].

Report on a splenic cyst in a 48-year-old female. On the basis of the post-mortem findings as well as of the survey of literature discussion of etiology, differential diagnosis and diagnostics. It is referred to the significance of the OSPI syndrome as possible sequela of splenectomy.

Brain↗
PubMed2001

Accessory spleen torsion: US, CT and MR findings.

Torsion of an accessory spleen is a very unusual entity that can appear with abdominal pain associated with the presence of an avascular mass. We report the case of a 13-year-old boy with torsion and infarction of an accessory spleen presenting as a painful abdominal mass in which imaging examination with US, CT and MR showed a large avascular mass in the upper left abdomen.

Abdominal Pain↗