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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1996

Fate of the grafted ovaries from female salamander Pleurodeles waltl embarked on the Cosmos 2229 flight.

The flight procedure of "Experience Triton" on Cosmos 2229 made necessary to sacrifice the embarked females just after landing. In order to detect genetic abnormalities in the progency of these adult females, we have performed a surgical procedure based on the transplantation of an ovarian piece on a recipient animal. One year later, as observed after laparotomy, the grafted ovaries exhibit oogonies and some growing oocytes. In present time, out of 10 castrated and grafted adult females only one is still alive bearing a large grafted ovary. Out of 5 castrated and grafted juvenile males, three are still alive, two of them exhibit a developing grafted ovary. The grafted animals will be ready for mating within a few months. Therefore, it will soon be possible to study the progeny of animals that have been submitted to space conditions.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Peptidase-1 expression in some organs of the salamander Pleurodeles waltl submitted to a 12-day space flight.

In Pleurodeles, the peptidase-1 is a sex-linked enzyme encoded by two codominant genes (Pep-1A and Pep-1B) located on the Z and W sex chromosomes. The sexual genotype can be determined by the electrophoretic pattern of the peptidase from erythrocytes. ZAWB genotypic females characterized by 3 electrophoretic bands AA, AB and BB were embarked on Cosmos 2229. The pattern in ovary, muscles and gut issued from the embarked or synchrone females displayed the 3 characteristic bands. In heart and kidney, the bands AA and AB [correction of BB] were revealed, while the band BB appeared very faintly. The specific enzymatic activity in the same organs was compared. Except for the kidney, no statistical significant difference was observed between flight and synchrone samples. This enzyme can be efficiently used as sexual genotypic marker of Pleurodeles experimentally submitted to the effects of space environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Topographic relationships of ipsi- and contralateral visual inputs to the rostral tectum opticum in the salamander Plethodon jordani indicate the presence of a horopter.

Topographies of ipsilateral and contralateral retinal inputs to the optic tectum were studied by means of electrophysiological multi-unit recordings from the superficial layers. It was found that the nasotemporal coordinate of the visual field is represented along a rostrocaudal axis on the contralateral tectal map and along a caudorostral axis on the ipsilateral map. Electrical stimulation of one tectal hemisphere and recording of the response in the other hemisphere revealed that the ipsilateral map is most probably established by an intertectal pathway. In one tectal hemisphere, inputs from the ipsilateral eye match those from the contralateral eye if stimuli are located at a certain distance at arbitrary horizontal angles within the binocular field. This distance varied from 11.8 to 29.5 mm between the 5 individuals examined.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Histamine and histamine receptors: behavioral thermoregulation in the salamander Necturus maculosus.

Low doses (0.01, 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.) of histamine (HA) caused selection of significantly lower temperatures, and higher doses (0.5, 1.0 mg/kg) increased temperatures by mudpuppies in linear thermal gradients. Injection of the HA precursor, L-histidine (500 mg/kg) produced an increase in the temperatures selected. Results from injections of HA H1-receptor agonist (2-pyridylethylamine) and antagonist (pyrilamine), and H2-receptor agonist (dimaprit) and antagonist (cimetidine) had significant effects on thermoregulation; H1-receptors may mediate behavioral hyperthermia and H2-receptors behavioral hypothermia. Responses to these histaminic compounds are significantly influenced by the time of day at which the responses are measured and by season and acclimation temperature. The equivalent behavioral responses in both endotherms and ectotherms to agents which produce physiological hyperthermia and hypothermia are probably behavioral hypothermia ("cold seeking") and behavioral hyperthermia ("heat seeking"), respectively.

Animals↗