Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Reference Books”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Manual force, mechanically assisted articular chiropractic technique using long and/or short level contacts.

OBJECTIVE: To identify what has been theorized and/or written about the manual techniques generically classified as manual force, mechanically assisted articular chiropractic technique that utilize either short-lever contacts or a combination of short- and long-lever contacts. DATA SOURCES: A search of the Medline bibliographic database using MeSH key words (chiropractic/methods; osteopathic manipulation) was performed. The Index to Chiropractic Literature and Chiropractic Research Abstracts Collection (CRAC) were searched for the past 10 yr using the key terms of chiropractic-methods; chiropractic techniques; manipulation, chiropractic, manipulation, osteopathic, manipulation, spinal; and manipulation, joint. A hand search of textbooks was undertaken as well as review of the references included in books, monographs and collected papers. STUDY SELECTION: Studies in English were included, but it must be noted that these include publications that are not peer reviewed or refereed in any way. DATA EXTRACTION: Descriptions that discussed aspects of manipulative procedures with the characteristics were extracted by a single author. DATA SYNTHESIS: Very little was found or accessible with traditional methods of literature retrieval. Descriptions of characteristics for the attributes of techniques which use mechanical assistance to impart a force applied to specific contacts in combination with short and long levers are provided. The technique procedures which fall into this category use the mechanical assistance of specialized table parts, including drop sections and distracting sections, to achieve functional changes in the vertebral three-joint complex. Conjecture and speculation as to the advantages of mechanical assistance are presented. CONCLUSIONS: This type of review is considered the first step in the evaluative process for a chiropractic technique procedure. It demonstrates that very little has been written in an accessible fashion relative to techniques which are classified as manual force, mechanically assisted articular chiropractic techniques that utilize either short-lever contacts or a combination of short- and long-lever contacts. Controlled prospective clinical trials to evaluate efficacy in using these technique procedures are nonexistent. Furthermore, there are no comparison studies to determine whether the techniques which fit into this category are any more effective or efficient in producing a positive clinical outcome than techniques in other categories. The proponents of these technique procedures should be performing the studies and publishing the results that either support or deny the usefulness of these procedures.

Chiropractic↗
PubMed1998

The management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). The Steering Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Care and Treatment of Breast Cancer. Canadian Association of Radiation Oncologists.

OBJECTIVE: To help physicians and patients arrive at the most clinically effective approach to the management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). OPTIONS: Mastectomy, wide-excision breast-conserving surgery (BCS) plus radiotherapy and BCS alone. OUTCOMES: Overall survival, local recurrence, cosmesis, complications of therapy. EVIDENCE: Review of English language literature published between 1976 and December 1996; identified through MEDLINE. Nonsystematic review continued to July 1997. Also reviewed were reference lists of books and relevant articles. RECOMMENDATIONS: The first step in the diagnosis of DCIS, after history-taking and clinical examination, is a complete mammographic work-up. Once DCIS is suspected, either image-guided core biopsy or open surgical biopsy must be carried out. At surgical excision, the suspect area should be removed in 1 piece and a specimen radiograph obtained. Tissue should not be sent for frozen-section examination or hormone receptor analysis. The pathology report should address those features that bear on treatment choice. The specimen should, whenever possible, be reviewed by a pathologist experienced in breast disease. Treatment options for DCIS are mastectomy, wide-excision BCS plus radiotherapy or BCS alone. Treatment should aim to achieve a high degree of local control with the first treatment plan. Final decisions on treatment should not be made until the pathological findings have been reviewed and the specimen radiograph compared with the mammogram. Mastectomy is indicated when lesions are so large or diffuse that they cannot be completely removed without causing unacceptable cosmesis or when there is persistent involvement of the margins, especially with high-grade malignant lesions. Subcutaneous mastectomy should not be used to treat DCIS. Mastectomy should not be followed by adjuvant local radiotherapy or systemic therapy. Bilateral mastectomy is not normally indicated for patients with unilateral DCIS. BCS requires wide excision in patients with DCIS. It should be followed by mammography of the involved breast if the specimen radiograph does not clearly include all microcalcifications. BCS should normally be followed by radiotherapy. However, omission of radiotherapy may be considered when lesions are small and are low grade, and when pathological assessment shows clear margins. BCS should be accepted by patients only after they have received a careful explanation of the need for radiotherapy, its side effects and the associated logistic requirements. Axillary surgery, whether as a full or limited procedure, should not usually be performed in women with DCIS. Evidence is not available to support the use of tamoxifen in the treatment of women with DCIS. Patients should be offered the opportunity to participate in clinical trials whenever possible. VALIDATION: Guidelines were reviewed and revised by the Writing Committee, expert primary reviewers, secondary reviewers selected from all regions of Canada and by the Steering Committee. The final document reflects a consensus of all these contributors.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed2006

Rogerian science-based nursing theories.

In this column, the author provides a general overview of selected theories derived from Rogerian nursing science. After a brief discussion of the Rogerian perspective, she highlights representative theories. She suggests that ongoing development of proposed theories has been relatively slow for two main reasons. First, scholars still use the 1970 book as a major reference. Unfortunately, despite her promise to do so, Rogers never updated the 1970 book and admitted on many occasions that it would more accurately reflect her refinement of her science if a major portion of the pages were torn out. Second, theories were often proposed by doctoral candidates who changed focus in their careers postdoctorate. Despite this, there is a fascinating body of theories in various stages of development for Rogerian scholars to pursue.

Aging↗
PubMed2006

Epidemiology of medication-related adverse events in nursing homes.

BACKGROUND: Nursing home residents are prescribed more medications than patients in any other clinical setting. Although pharmacotherapy for older nursing home residents is usually safe and effective, it can lead to medication-related adverse events such as adverse drug reactions (ADRs), adverse drug withdrawal events (ADWEs), and therapeutic failures (TFs). OBJECTIVE: This article reviews the descriptive (incidence) and analytic (risk factor) epidemiology of medication-related adverse events occurring in nursing home residents as reported in the literature during the last 2 decades. METHODS: A search of MEDLINE and International Pharmaceutical Abstracts was conducted for articles published in English between January 1986 and July 2006 using the following terms: adverse drug events, adverse drug reactions, adverse drug withdrawal events, aged, drug therapy, drug-related problems, medication-related problems, nursing homes, therapeutic failures, and treatment failures. The reference lists of identified articles, recent review articles, book chapters, and the authors' reference library were also searched manually. RESULTS: Seven studies met the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were included in this review. Five studies described ADRs, 1 described ADWEs, and 1 described TFs. The studies of ADRs used different methods of detecting ADRs, resulting in incidence rates ranging from 1.19 to 7.26 per 100 resident-months. The single study of ADWEs reported an incidence of 2.60 per 100 resident-months. An incidence rate for the single study describing TFs could not be calculated. CONCLUSIONS: Medication-related adverse events are common in the nursing home setting. Additional studies are needed to enhance the detection and prevention of medication-related adverse events and to reduce their impact on residents' outcomes and health care costs.

Aged↗
PubMed1975

Specialized reference works and their users. A preliminary study.

An examination of the use of three specialized reference works was made to identify users of the reference tools and the benefits from their use. The feasibility of locating and interviewing users was tested, and an attempt was made to determine the situations in which the works are used. Methods of locating users are described. Users were interviewed to determine the value of each work and alternative sources of information. The works were compared with alternative sources to test their comprehensiveness. Conclusions are: (1) identification of users and their needs is complex, and requires the combination of a number of research methods; (2) the availability and accessibility of alternate information sources varies with both the reference work and the type of user.

Alkaloids↗
PubMed2000

Carl Düsing (1884) on the regulation of the sex-ratio.

In three publications in 1883 and 1884 Carl Düsing of Jena gave a mathematical account of the influence of natural selection on the sex ratio based on the same argument that Darwin had advanced in The Descent of Man (1871). The argument thus became quite well known, being included in the principal books on the subject around the turn of the century, as well as in the Encyclopaedia Britannica, references to Düsing being given. By 1930, when Fisher gave a verbal account of the argument in The Genetical Theory of Natural Selection, he saw no need to give references, and no other book of the period treated the subject, as a result of which Düsing's contribution became lost to view. We here give the important paragraphs of Düsing's mathematical account, translated into English.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

Using literature to help adolescents cope with problems.

Literature has been found to be a creative tool for helping children cope with changes in their lives. Using books in intervention is referred to as bibliotherapy. This article illustrates how bibliotherapy can be used to help adolescents cope with family breakdown, foster care, and adoption placement. Books are presented that can be useful in clinical practice.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1998

[Books on anesthesiology and resuscitation published in Spain. An approach to their study].

INTRODUCTION: Few authors have examined the publication of medical books. Our aim was to analyze the nature of books published in Spain on anesthesiology and recovery. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Books listed by the Spanish ISBN agency were selected if they included anestesi* or reanima* in any field. Duplicates were removed. Multiple editions or references were considered single books, with data for the oldest edition entered into analysis. Multiple volume collections were grouped as complete works. Data analyzed for each book were year of publication, language (of publication and the original), subject (according to ISBN classification) and place of publication. Nine subject classifications were applied: general, recovery, anesthetic techniques, pharmacology, obstetrics/gynecology, pediatrics, veterinary anesthesia, dental anesthesia and miscellaneous. RESULTS: We analyzed 216 books. Years that saw publication of the greatest number of books were 1988 (17), 1993 (16) and 1979 (15), and the five-year period in which the most books were published was 1985 to 1989 (48 books, 22.2%). Most books (114, 52.8%) were originally written in English, Spanish being the second most common original language (58, 26.8%). All books were published in Spanish. The Spanish ISBN classification system identified 11 categories: general diseases/clinical medicine/therapy (161, 74.5%); drugs/pharmacology/physical therapy/toxicology (20, 9.3%); gynecology/obstetrics (9, 4.2%), veterinary medicine (9, 4.2%) and medicine (8, 3.7%). Classification by specific subjects showed a predominance of monographs or treatises on general aspects (42, 19.4%) followed by books on recovery (37, 17.1%), anesthetic techniques (25, 11.6%) and pharmacology (17, 7.9%). Most books were published in Barcelona (142, 65.7%), Madrid (36, 16.7%) or Saragossa (10, 4.6%). CONCLUSIONS: Spanish publication of books on anesthesiology and recovery has increased in recent years. Most books are translations usually from English. Spanish ISBN agency data, although it has limitations, can be useful for locating books published in Spain on anesthesiology and recovery. It would be useful to introduce keywords into the ISBN data base so that books on specific subjects could be classified and retrieved.

Anesthesiology↗
PubMed2002

Reference accuracy in neonatal-maternal nursing literature.

PURPOSE: To identify the frequency and types of reference errors in neonatal-maternal nursing literature. This study was an extension of earlier research on reference accuracy in pediatric and critical care nursing journals. DESIGN: A random sample was selected of references in three nursing journals: Neonatal Network: The Journal of Neonatal Nursing; Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing; and The American Journal of Maternal/Child Nursing. References were compared against original publications, and errors were classified as major or minor based on criteria used in earlier studies. RESULTS: Fifty-four of the 221 references had errors, for an overall error rate of 24.4 percent. Major errors were found in 21.3 percent of the references, and minor errors were calculated at 3.2 percent. Errors in the author's name were most common, followed by errors in titles of articles and books. The rates of reference errors in this study were lower than those reported previously in the nursing and medical literature.

Female↗
PubMed2003

Non-invasive ventilation for cystic fibrosis.

BACKGROUND: The use of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) has been proposed as a means to temporarily reverse or slow the progression of worsening respiratory failure in cystic fibrosis (CF). OBJECTIVES: To compare the effect of NIV versus no NIV in people with CF. SEARCH STRATEGY: We searched the Cochrane Cystic Fibrosis and Genetic Disorders Group trials register which comprises references identified from comprehensive electronic database searches, handsearching relevant journals and abstract books of conference proceedings. The reference lists of each trial were searched for additional publications that may contain other trials. Date of most recent search: January 2002. SELECTION CRITERIA: Relevant randomised controlled trials in which a form of pressure preset or volume preset NIV versus no NIV was used in people with acute or chronic respiratory failure in CF. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Two reviewers independently assessed trials for inclusion criteria, methodological quality and data extraction. MAIN RESULTS: Six trials were identified and four trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 55 participants. All of these trials only evaluated single treatment sessions. Two trials (36 participants) evaluated the use of NIV for airway clearance compared with an alternative physiotherapy method. These trials showed that airway clearance may be easier and people with CF may prefer to use NIV for airway clearance. There was no evidence that NIV increases sputum expectoration or improves lung function. Two trials (19 participants) evaluated the use of NIV for overnight ventilatory support. Of the primary outcomes examined in this review, only lung function was evaluated within the two trials. Due to the small numbers of participants and the differing statistical techniques used within the review and the primary trials, there were discrepancies in the results obtained by the RevMan analysis and the original trial analysis. No clear differences were found between NIV compared with either oxygen or room air. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Non-invasive ventilation may be a useful adjunct to other airway clearance techniques, particularly in people with CF who have difficulty expectorating sputum. Non-invasive ventilation when used in addition to oxygen may improve gas exchange during sleep to a greater extent than oxygen therapy alone in moderate to severe disease. These benefits of NIV have only been demonstrated in single treatment sessions and its efficacy, safety and acceptability in the longer term are unknown. There is a need for long-term randomised controlled trials to determine the clinical effects of non-invasive ventilation in CF.

Cystic Fibrosis↗
PubMed1996

[Analysis of information sources in the journal, Atencion Primaria].

OBJECTIVES: To contribute to improving the understanding of the information bases of Spanish scientific production in the primary care field; to aid international contacts and the diffusion of information among doctors in our country. DESIGN: A bibliometric analysis of the bibliographic references of the studies published in the journal Atención Primaria during 1991. A data base, managed by dBASE IV, was created. SETTING: The Unit of Documental Analysis and Bibliometry of the Institute of Documental and Historical Studies in Science (University of Valencia-CSIC). MATERIAL: 2,615 bibliographic references in 205 studies contained in volume 8 of Atención Primaria. MAIN RESULTS: References from journal articles (68%) and books (26%) predominated. There were a large number of references from Spanish publications (45%) as against Northamerican (27%) and British (15%). There were few references from other European countries or Latin America. Information was quickly out of date (4 year semiperiod; Price index 50%). High proportion of self-quotations from the journal. CONCLUSIONS: The major role of the journal Atención Primaria in communicating information in the primary care field was underlined. The small amount of information from Latin America and E.U. countries (except Great Britain) highlights the isolation of Spain from these countries, which can be explained by the limits of the primary care field itself. There was also little use of information to which access was more difficult for primary care doctors, such as doctoral theses, congress papers or reports. Moreover this is a field with a high percentage of recent literature and rapidly out-of-date information.

Bibliographies as Topic↗
PubMed1991

Communication problems associated with cleft palate and related disorders. Annotated bibliography.

The books in this annotated bibliography were selected because of the general nature of the information that they provide. Most of these books contain bibliographies that include references of a more technical nature should the reader desire such information. These books are available at most university libraries. Additional information can be obtained from brochures and fact sheets published by the Cleft Palate Foundation (1218 Grandview Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15211). These publications were prepared primarily for patients and parents, but can provide useful information to professionals who typically do not work with patients with cleft palate and craniofacial anomalies.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Heterogeneity in bibliographic references].

Bibliography plays an important role in the writing of books and papers, as it permits us an exchange of experience, the reading of case reports, the revision of articles and new investigative aspects. Bibliographic references in the same chapter of six books from different countries, published in the same period, were analyzed, and a strong heterogeneity was found among them. The "language pattern" varied depending on the author's native language. The temporal distribution of articles was also different and only a small percentage of articles was common to two or more books. Our results showed that the same chapter in different books have highly heterogenous bibliographic references, although they should have similar contents.

Bibliographies as Topic↗
PubMed2006

Mapping the literature of transcultural nursing.

OVERVIEW: No bibliometric studies of the literature of the field of transcultural nursing have been published. This paper describes a citation analysis as part of the project undertaken by the Nursing and Allied Health Resources Section of the Medical Library Association to map the literature of nursing. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to identify the core literature and determine which databases provided the most complete access to the transcultural nursing literature. METHODS: Cited references from essential source journals were analyzed for a three-year period. Eight major databases were compared for indexing coverage of the identified core list of journals. RESULTS: This study identifies 138 core journals. Transcultural nursing relies on journal literature from associated health sciences fields in addition to nursing. Books provide an important format. Nearly all cited references were from the previous 18 years. In comparing indexing coverage among 8 major databases, 3 databases rose to the top. CONCLUSIONS: No single database can claim comprehensive indexing coverage for this broad field. It is essential to search multiple databases. Based on this study, PubMed/MEDLINE, Social Sciences Citation Index, and CINAHL provide the best coverage. Collections supporting transcultural nursing require robust access to literature beyond nursing publications.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1999

Medical thought of Dosan Manase's early years. (1) The meaning of the work "Toryu".

Dosan Manase was a famous Japanese doctor in the Muromachi era and was in the vanguard of the Goseiha school of Sino-Japanese traditional medicine. In his "Shinmyakukudenshu" we found an interesting account to explain the meaning of the word "Toryu", which was often found in the medical books written in Dosan's early years. This word signifies "our school" in a general sense, but in this book Dosan used it with the additional meaning of his medical thought originating in Zhu dan xi who was a famous Chinese doctor in the Yuan age. In addition, he mentioned in the same book that Toryu was introduced from China into Japan by Dodo, succeeded by Sanki and propagated by himself. Moreover our extensive investigation of other medical literature showed that Dosan, in his early years, tried to develop a system of medical thought on the basis of that of Zhu dan xi. This is worthy of note because it differs considerably from the stance adopted in Dosan's later years : while he valued Zhu dan xi, he referred to many medical books by various authors, and tried not to favour any particular school.

History, Ancient↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Citation analysis of five journals in andrology.

AIM: To find out features in literature demand by researchers in the field of andrology and to offer advice on literature utilization and journal management. METHODS: Five andrology journals indexed by Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-E) (Andrologia, Archives of Andrology, Asian Journal of Andrology, International Journal of Andrology, and Journal of Andrology) were included in the study. Original articles, editorials, reviews, corrections and letters from these journals were analyzed with bibliometric method for document loading, citations, information absorbing ability, and geographical coverage. RESULTS: The average number of references in each paper was 28.78. The main type of references was periodicals (94.32%), while books and other sources accounted for only 5.68%. Average Price index was 30.14%. The number of references in the first ranking 10 periodicals cited by the five journals made up 34.53% of the total references cited. Geographically, the five journals covered 6 continents with 42 countries or regions. CONCLUSION: Andrology journals have a wide coverage of literatures, which are related to reproductive medicine, urology, endocrinology and biochemistry. References in andrology journals are mainly periodicals and are relatively old. US, China and Japan lead the world in andrology researches for the number of papers published.

Andrology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Critical review of the bibliographic references of "Archivos Españoles de Urología"].

Due to the lack of Spanish journals or publications with a rather strong "impact", which is basically determined by the number of times a publication is cited, we attempted to corroborate the widely held view that very little reference is made to the Spanish literature. On analyzing all the articles published in "Archivos Españoles de Urología" during 1990 (182 articles with a total of 3,324 references), we found that only 13.61% of the references were from Spanish journals, books or Congresses held in Spain, which dropped to 10.3% if the books or communications delivered at meetings are excluded. Approximately 30% of the articles did not have a single reference from a Spanish publication. Furthermore, the articles submitted by foreigners rarely included any reference from the Spanish literature. Finally, the Journal of Urology (USA), which accounted for over 20% of the references, was the most cited.

Periodicals as Topic↗