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PubMedDate not supplied

[Beta endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the blood of patients with chronic pain treated by pinpoint receptor stimulation (acupuncture)].

The authors present the results of determinations of beta-endorphin-like immunoreactivity in the plasma carried out before and after pinpoint receptor stimulation (prs) that is acupuncture in patients with long-standing pain. No significant differences were observed in this immunoreactivity after prs, and the clinical analgesic effect was independent of the level of this immunoreactivity and its changes during these procedures. On the other hand, a positive correlation was demonstrated between plasma beta-endorphin concentration and the neuroticism index as evaluated by Eysenck's personality inventory. The reliability of this observation requires, however, confirmation in a greater material.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasma concentration of immunoreactive beta-endorphin in healthy persons during pinpoint stimulation of receptors (acupuncture)].

The participation of the endogenous opiate-like peptide system in the mechanism of the analgesic effect of the stimulation of the peripheral nervous system has been generally accepted but the published results of the investigations on this topic are controversial. The authors studied the plasma beta-endorphin-like activity in 10 healthy subjects before and after pinpoint receptor stimulation (prs). This immunoreactive activity showed fairly high differences in successive determinations but was not significantly different before and after prs. The authors believe that this is an argument against the hypothesis assuming release of pituitary endorphins into the circulating blood after acupuncture but cannot rule out the role of the cerebral beta-endorphin system in the mechanism of acupuncture analgesia.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Pain tolerance and the effect of the treatment of headache by pinpoint stimulation of receptors].

In 53 patients with vasomotor headache treated by one of the methods of analgesic stimulation--pinpoint receptor stimulation (prs) the correlation was assessed between pain tolerance and the effect of prs. Pain tolerance was determined by the ischaemic tourniquet test of Smith. It was found that in patients with low pain tolerance much better therapeutic results were obtained (87.5%) than in patients with high pain tolerance (38.5%). No relationship was demonstrated between pain tolerance and the duration of improvement after prs.l Pain tolerance study may be important in qualification of patients for treatment by analgesic stimulation.

Acupuncture Therapy↗
PubMed1982

Increased activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system during the perinatal period.

Plasma renin activity (PRA), plasma renin substrate (PRS), plasma renin concentration (PRC), and plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) were measured in normal full-term newborn infants and infants up to 22 days after birth (36 in all). As compared to the control, PRA and PAC levels were significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in cord blood, and in 2 to 6 and 12 to 22 day old infants. The high values of PRA in 2 to 6 day old infants were due to the high PRS values. In cord blood and in 12 to 22 day old infants, however, the high levels of PRA reflect elevation of PRC. No correlation was found between PRA, PAC and serum potassium in cord blood and in 2 to 6 day old infants, but there was a significant correlation between the parameters (r = 0.72 and p less than 0.02) in 12 to 22 day old infants, indicating that at this age, as in healthy adults, the renin-angiotensin system and serum potassium seem to be the major stimuli for aldosterone secretion.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical application of futraful suppositories in malignant head and neck cancer--effects of the therapy combined with radiation].

Futraful suppository 1.5 g per day was administered to 33 patients with head and neck malignancies. Among 33 cases which entered into the study, 16 cases were evaluated. Out of 16 evaluable cases, complete responses (CRs) were obtained in 4 cases and partial responses (PRs) in 7 cases, an overall response rate including 4 CRs and 7 PRs was 68.8%. Side effects due to FT-207 suppository were developed in 14 cases out of 33 patients (42.4%). Side effects such as anal pain, anorexia, diarrhea, pigmentation, exanthema and nail change were observed. No severe side effect was encountered.

Aged↗
PubMed1995

[Analysis of pressure-volume-hysteresis in rabbit].

UNLABELLED: The pressure-volume (PV) relationships of respiratory, lung and chest wall (Prs-V, PL-V and Pcw-V) were studied in 11 white rabbits. The relaxation pressure induced by Hering-Breuer reflex was measured on inflating certain volume of air. Four groups of inflation experiments were performed in each rabbit. (1) Inflations of incremental tidal air with 10 ml in each increment were performed from functional residual capacity (FRC) to 70 ml, then inflations of decremental tidal air with 10 ml in each decrement were done from 70 ml to FRC. (2) 70 ml of air was inflated just before each incremental and decremental inflation. (3) 10 ml more air was inflated before each predicted incremental inflation. (4) The first group inflation was repeated. THE RESULTS: The P-V curves showed a "S" shape in all 4 groups. There was an obvious hysteresis on the Prs-V and PL-V curves in the 1st group between the incremental and decremental inflations; it disappeared in the 2nd and 3rd groups. Hysteresis reappeared in the 4th group, but it was smaller than that in the 1st group. These results substantiate the theory proposed by Frazer that pulmonary hysteresis mainly comes from sequential opening and closing of lung units during inflation and deflation.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Inhibition of human 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate synthetase by 4-amino-8-(beta-D-ribofuranosylamino)-pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine-5'- monophosphate: evidence for interaction at the ADP allosteric site.

The kinetics of inhibition by the aminopyrimidopyrimidine nucleotide 4-amino-8-(beta-D-ribofuranosylamino)pyrimido[5,4-d]pyrimidine[-5' -monophosphate (APP-MP) were assessed with two human isozymes of 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate synthetase (PRS) (PRS1 and PRS2) and a mutant enzyme, S.M. PRS1, derived from an individual with PRS hyperactivity. In the presence of 1 mM potassium phosphate, APP-MP inhibited PRS1 and PRS2 with half-maximal inhibition (IC50) at 5.2 microM and 23.8 microM, respectively. The degree of inhibition for both enzymes was highly dependent on the phosphate concentration; IC50 values were 70 times higher in the presence of 50 mM potassium phosphate. APP-MP exhibited mixed noncompetitive-uncompetitive inhibition against PRS1, with a Kii value of 6.1 microM and a Kis value of 14.6 microM, and produced parabolic secondary plots of slope or intercept versus APP-MP concentration. In comparison, inhibition of PRS1 by ADP was of a mixed noncompetitive-competitive type, with a Kii value of 9.6 microM and a Kis value of 2.8 microM. A similar kinetic analysis was completed using S.M. PRS1, a mutant enzyme with a single amino acid substitution resulting in diminished sensitivity to feedback inhibition by nucleotides. The noncompetitive component of ADP inhibition of PRS1 was absent with S.M. PRS1 and ADP inhibition was purely competitive, with a Ki of 6.4 microM, APP-MP was a very poor inhibitor of S.M. PRS1, displaying uncompetitive characteristics and a Ki of 1.6 mM. These data indicate that APP-MP inhibits PRS1 with a strong element of noncompetitive inhibition and appears to interact specifically at the allosteric site used by ADP. These results contrast with those obtained with ADP, which has a strong component of ATP competitive inhibition and binds at the ATP site as well as at a second, allosteric, site.

Adenosine Diphosphate↗
PubMed1993

Treatment of infertility using controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with intrauterine insemination: the experience of 343 cases.

Fecundity rates were measured for 343 patients in 467 cycles of ovulation induction with intrauterine insemination (IUI) from January 1990 to April 1992. Total pregnancy rate per cycle (PR) was 15.6% with a spontaneous abortion (SA) rate of 19.2%, an ectopic pregnancy (EP) rate of 4.1%, a multiple pregnancy (MP) rate of 19.2%, and an ongoing or live-birth (LB) rate of 12.0%. Using gonadotropins as a unique or as an additional stimulatory reagent improved the pregnancy rate of anovulatory patients by more than three-fold over use of clomiphene citrate (CC) alone (33.3% vs 10.7%). In other diagnostic entities, the PRs were higher, but the difference was not statistically significant between these two stimulation protocols (13.9% vs 8.4%; t = 1.70, p > 0.05). Pretreatment sperm motility and the post-treatment total motile sperm count were significantly correlated with the PRs. The same phenomena occurred when the number of follicles > or = 12 mm and the serum estradiol concentrations were taken into account. The highest PR was detected when the endometrial thickness fell between 8 and 13 mm. The spontaneous abortion rate was higher in CC only cycles and when the serum E2 was below 1000 pg/mL on the day human chorionic gonadotropin was administered. A multiple pregnancy could be predicted when a cycle of more than 10 follicles > or = 12 mm was detected (44.4%). The complications of controlled ovarian hyperstimulation with IUI were low and mild in our study, comprising six cases of moderate to severe ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome and three cases of acute pelvic inflammatory disease.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Interleukin-2 treatment in lymphoma: a phase II multicenter study.

A phase II study was undertaken to assess whether continuous infusion of high-dose recombinant interleukin-2 (rIL-2) alone was active against different histologic subtypes of heavily pretreated lymphoma. Sixty one lymphomas were included in the study. rIL-2 (Roussel UCLAF, Romainville, France) was administered by continuous infusion at 20 x 10(6) IU/m2 for three cycles of 5 days, 4 days, and 3 days, during the first week, third week, and fifth week, respectively. Twenty-four low-grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL) were resistant to an anthracycline-containing regimen. Twenty-three intermediate and high-grade NHL were refractory to initial treatment or to salvage therapy. Seven Hodgkin's diseases were refractory to at least three regimens or relapsed after autologous bone marrow transplantation. Seven mycosis fungoides were refractory to chemotherapy. In low-grade NHL, one complete response (CR) was observed. In aggressive NHL, there were three CRs and two partial responses (PRs). No response was noted in Hodgkin's disease. One CR and four PRs were observed in mycosis fungoïdes. Complete response durations were 23, 20, 17, 12, and 4 months. Grade 4 toxicity was observed in 29 patients leading to arrest of therapy in 12 patients. The response to rIL-2 therapy in lymphoma differs according to histologic subtypes. Five responses were observed in 23 aggressive lymphomas. Five of seven mycosis fungoïdes responded; these preliminary results warrant testing of a larger number of patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

The developmental potential of mouse embryos conceived in Ham's F-10 medium containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid.

OBJECTIVE: To measure fetal developmental potential of mouse eggs fertilized and cleaved in modified Ham's F-10 medium (Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, MO) containing the chelating agent, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), as a model for establishing criteria for human IVF and GIFT procedures. DESIGN: Optimum concentrations of EDTA in modified Ham's F-10 were established by measuring blastocyst development of in vivo fertilized zygotes from a random bred (CD1) mouse strain. Postimplantation development of in vitro fertilized eggs from a hybrid inbred (B6D2F1) mouse strain was measured after conception in the modified Ham's F-10 medium without or with human serum or EDTA and compared with the results of in vivo fertilized eggs. Mouse embryo development potential and pregnancy rates (PRs) of recipients were compared with those calculated from theoretical probabilities. RESULTS: The addition of 10 to 100 microM EDTA to modified Ham's F-10 supported development of > 60% of the in vivo conceived zygotes to the blastocyst stage in the absence of serum; the addition of human serum significantly decreased embryo development to blastocysts (23%). Pregnancy rates (30% to 50%) of recipients of the in vitro conceived mouse embryos were similar for embryo cohorts from all culture conditions tested. The overall yield of fetuses from total embryos transferred was significantly higher for the groups developed in modified Ham's F-10 with 100 microM EDTA (37%) compared with embryos developed in modified Ham's F-10 alone (18%) or in modified Ham's F-10 with human serum (18%). CONCLUSIONS: [1] Based on fetal development in pregnant recipients, approximately two thirds of the mouse eggs fertilized in modified Ham's F-10 with 100 microM EDTA (or in vivo) had the potential to give rise to offspring. [2] Given the viability rate, the observed PRs of foster mothers receiving four to six embryos were only two thirds of the theoretically possible, suggesting the hormone and/or surgical interventions of the recipients reduced their pregnancy potential. [3] Including 100 microM EDTA during mouse conception in modified Ham's F-10 improved the fetal developmental potential to that of in vivo derived mouse embryos.

Animals↗
PubMed1994

[An early phase II study of CPT-11 (irinotecan hydrochloride) in patients with advanced breast cancer].

An early phase II study of irinotecan (CPT-11) in patients with advanced or recurrent breast cancer was undertaken by a cooperative study group of 15 institutes in Japan. CPT-11 was administered by intravenous drip-infusion. The administration schedules were 100 mg/m2 weekly (regimen A), 150 mg/m2 biweekly (regimen B), and 200 mg/m2 every 3-4 weeks (regimen C). There were 4 partial responses (PRs), 12 cases with no changes (1 minor response) and 9 cases of progressive diseases with a response rate of 16% (4/25). One out of 7 patients on regimen A and 3 patients out of 15 patients on regimen C achieved PR with a response rate of 14% and 20%, respectively. In three out of 4 PRs, prior chemotherapy, endocrinotherapy or radiotherapy had failed. Major adverse reactions were leukopenia 28/33 (85%), neutropenia 19/25 (76%), anemia 15/33 (46%), nausea/vomiting 28/33 (85%), anorexia 25/33 (76%), diarrhea 22/33 (67%) and alopecia 20/33 (61%). The incidence of leukopenia and thrombocytopenia seemed to be higher in regimen C than regimen A, and diarrhea was also more severe in regimen C than regimen A. The recovery of leukopenia was delayed in some patients on regimen C. The results suggested that CPT-11 was effective against advanced or recurrent breast cancer. The recommended administration schedule for a late phase II study was thought to be 100 mg/m2 weekly, considering efficacy and safety.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Comparison of the substrate-binding pockets of the Rous sarcoma virus and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 proteases.

A steady state kinetic analysis of the avian myeloblastosis virus/Rous sarcoma virus (AMV/RSV) and human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 (HIV-1) retroviral proteases (PRs) was carried out using a series of 40 peptide substrates that are derivatives of the AMV/RSV nucleocapsid-PR cleavage site. These peptides contain single amino acid substitutions in each of the seven positions of the minimum length substrate required by the PR for specific and efficient cleavage. These peptide substrates are distinguished by the individual enzyme subsites of the AMV/RSV and HIV-1 PRs. The molecular basis for similarities and differences of the individual subsites for both proteases is discussed using steady state kinetic data and modeling based on crystal structures.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Ifosfamide combination regimens for soft-tissue sarcoma.

Two trials using ifosfamide-based combination chemotherapy for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma have been completed. In the first study, 50 evaluable patients received ifosfamide (5 g/m2) with mesna (5 g/m2) and doxorubicin (40 or 60 mg/m2) intravenously (i.v.) every 3 weeks. In all, 11 patients (22%) achieved an objective response [3 complete responses (CRs) and 8 partial responses (PRs)]. Toxicities included leukopenia, febrile neutropenia, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia. The overall median survival was 12 months. In the second study, 51 evaluable patients received ifosfamide (3 g/m2) with mesna (3 g/m2), both being given i.v. on day 1, together with etoposide (100 mg/m2) infused i.v. daily for 3 days. Six patients (12%) achieved objective responses (1 CR, 5 PRs). Toxicities included leukopenia, nausea and vomiting, and alopecia. The overall median survival was 7.4 months. Neither of these combination regimens appears to be more effective in advanced soft-tissue sarcoma than single-agent therapy with either ifosfamide or doxorubicin. If the results of chemotherapy in the management of these tumors are to be improved a new approach to therapy is clearly required.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Ifosfamide plus epirubicin at escalating doses in the treatment of locally advanced and/or metastatic sarcomas.

A total of 46 consecutive patients were entered into this study to assess the efficacy and toxicity of an epirubicin/ifosfamide combination in treating locally advanced and/or metastatic adult sarcomas (38 soft-tissue sarcomas and 7 bone sarcomas in 45 evaluable patients). Epirubicin was given at escalating doses (from 50 to 100 mg/m2) as an intravenous (i.v.) bolus on day 1, and ifosfamide was given i.v. at 1.2 g/m2 daily on days 1-5. Cycles were repeated every 4 weeks. The overall response rate was 38% (17 of 45 patients), reaching 42% (16 of 38) in the soft-tissue sarcoma group and 44% (17 of 39) in patients who had not been treated previously. In all, 4 complete responses (CRs, 9%) and 13 partial responses (PRs, 29%) were obtained. Most responses (about 68%) were reached within the first 2 cycles. The high-dose intensity of epirubicin (P < 0.04), the histologic type (P < 0.03), the presence of metastatic lesions only (P < 0.01), and the lack of previous treatment (P < 0.04) were found to be positively correlated with the probability of response. The median duration of response was 8 months. The median survival period was 10 months for all evaluable patients and 21 months for those achieving CRs and PRs (P < 0.01). The tumor grade, performance status, and extent of disease at entry into the study correlated with survival. The treatment was well tolerated; no case of sepsis occurred, and neither acute nor cumulative cardiotoxicity was observed. Epirubicin in combination with ifosfamide is therefore effective in advanced and/or metastatic disease with acceptable toxicity. The activity of this combination as compared with that of either of the two drugs given alone at optimal doses needs to be evaluated in prospective randomized trials.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Preoperative systemic etoposide/ifosfamide/doxorubicin chemotherapy combined with regional hyperthermia in high-risk sarcoma: a pilot study.

From November 1990 to September 1991, 23 adults with high-risk, nonmetastatic sarcomas (20 soft-tissue sarcomas and 3 chondrosarcomas) were entered in a pilot protocol (RHT-91) involving regional hyperthermia combined with systemic chemotherapy followed by surgery. Of these patients, 12 had undergone previous surgery and/or radiation, 5 had received previous multidrug chemotherapy, and 6 were previously untreated. A tumor size of > 8 cm and/or an extracompartmental tumor location (11 patients) or local recurrence (12 patients) were defined as high-risk factors in addition to tumor grading (21 patients had grade 2 or 3 sarcomas). Regional hyperthermia was produced by an electromagnetic deep-regional-heating device. For systemic chemotherapy, all patients received etoposide/ifosfamide/doxorubicin (EIA) and mesna, with regional hyperthermia being given only on days 1 and 4 in repeated EIA/regional hyperthermia cycles every 3 weeks. Tumor temperatures (range, 40 degrees-44 degrees C) were measured by invasive thermometry in all patients during each regional hyperthermia treatment. A total of 181 regional hyperthermia treatments were applied within the pelvic region (11 patients) or extremities (12 patients) bearing relatively large tumors (mean volume, 848 cm3). By the cutoff date for this analysis (October 15, 1991), 13 patients had undergone surgery after receiving 2-6 (mean, 3.8) cycles of EIA chemotherapy combined with regional hyperthermia; all tumors except one were resected without disfiguration. In 22 evaluable patients (minimum, 2 EIA plus regional hyperthermia cycles), the clinical response rate was 27%, with 6 patients showing partial responses (PRs). In addition, a pathologic response to preoperative thermochemotherapy was evaluable in 13 patients, with 4 responders (31%) having > 50% histologic necrosis. In all, 3 of the responders (1 PR and 2 patients with > 50% histologic necrosis) relapsed within 3 months of surgical resection. The other 7 responding patients (5 PRs and 2 patients with > 50% histologic necrosis) showed stable disease with local tumor control. The study (RHT-91) is continuing as a multicenter phase II trial (opened on November 19, 1991) in patients with high-risk soft-tissue sarcomas to test the potential of preoperative thermochemotherapy in regard to local control and survival.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Patients with Turner's syndrome may have an inherent endometrial abnormality affecting receptivity in oocyte donation.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether endometrial receptivity is compromised in patients with premature ovarian failure (POF) due to Turner's syndrome who undergo oocyte donation. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis. SETTING: In vitro fertilization-ET units, anonymous oocyte donation program. PATIENTS: The study included 53 patients with POF who underwent oocyte donation. These included 7 patients with Turner's syndrome (45,X) who underwent 22 ET cycles, 15 women with Turner variants (mosaics, deletions, or isochromosomes) who underwent 36 ET cycles, and 31 other patients with POF and a normal karyotype who underwent 69 oocyte donation cycles. INTERVENTION: All patients on standby for donation were treated with E2 valerate 6 mg/d until oocytes became available; then P 100 mg/d was added. Oocyte donors were healthy women < 34 years who underwent IVF themselves. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Clinical pregnancy rates (PRs), biochemical pregnancies, early abortions, and delivery rates were evaluated. RESULTS: Turner's syndrome patients had a significantly higher rate of biochemical pregnancies (22.7% versus 4.3%), a lower clinical PR (22.7% versus 33.3%), a significantly higher rate of early abortions (60% versus 8.7%), and a significantly lower rate of deliveries per pregnancy (20.0% versus 73.1%) compared with non-Turner patients. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with a complete or partial deficiency of an X chromosome have reduced PRs and an increase in early implantation failure after oocyte donation. This may indicate an inherent endometrial abnormality, possibly associated with a deficiency of X-linked genes regulating endometrial receptivity.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Ligand-dependent cross-talk between steroid and thyroid hormone receptors. Evidence for common transcriptional coactivator(s).

Steroid and thyroid hormone receptors exhibit striking structural and functional similarity, suggesting that these nuclear receptors may enhance transcription of target genes by similar mechanisms. To address this issue, we studied transcriptional interference between progesterone and thyroid hormone receptors in vivo and in vitro. We observed that transcriptional interference occurred in a ligand-dependent manner between progesterone receptor-B (PR-B) and thyroid hormone receptor (TR) alpha or beta in transient transfection experiments. Ligand-occupied TRalpha or TRbeta, but not the unliganded receptor, strongly suppressed transactivation of a progesterone-responsive reporter gene by endogenous PRs in human breast carcinoma T47D cells. Ligand-dependent inhibitory cross-talk also occurred between transfected PR-B and TRalpha or TRbeta and vice versa in CV1 cells. This phenomenon did not require DNA binding by the "interfering" receptor but required it to be hormone-bound, indicating that a transcriptionally active form of the interfering receptor is essential for the interfering effect. To analyze further the mechanism of the ligand-dependent cross-talk, we reproduced transcriptional interference between PR and TR in a cell-free transcription system. We observed that the addition of triiodothyronine-bound recombinant TRbeta or a ligand binding domain (LBD) peptide(145-456) inhibited specifically transcriptional activation of a progesterone-responsive gene by endogenous PRs in nuclear extracts of T47D cells, while the basal level of transcription from a minimal TATA-promoter or transcription from an adenovirus major-late promoter remained unaffected. These results indicated that a transactivation function within the LBD of the interfering receptor TRbeta was likely to interact with a mediator protein(s), termed coactivator, that is distinct from basal transcription factors and is critical for efficient PR-induced transactivation. This concept was reinforced by biochemical evidence that treatment of T47D extracts with immobilized TRbeta LBD depleted the extract of the coactivator function in a triiodothyronine-dependent manner and markedly impaired progesterone-induced transactivation of progesterone response element-linked genes. Deletion of six amino acids(451-456) in the extreme COOH terminus of TRbeta resulted in a receptor that retained the ability to bind thyroid hormone but failed to inhibit progesterone-dependent transcription. Interestingly, these six amino acids are present in a region that is highly conserved among various nuclear hormone receptors and contains a ligand-dependent transactivation function, AF-2. Based on these results, we propose that a limiting coactivator protein(s) interacts with the AF-2 of PR or TR and mediates transactivation by the ligand-bound receptor. This regulatory molecule(s) may therefore serve as a common functional link between the pathways of hormone-inducible gene activation by various members of the nuclear receptor superfamily.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Incongruent follicular development reduces gamete intrafallopian transfer pregnancy rate.

OBJECTIVE: To test the null hypothesis that asymmetric or incongruent follicular development does not influence GIFT pregnancy rates (PRs). DESIGN: A prospective comparative study. SETTING: Tertiary referral center for infertility. PATIENT(S): Ninety-three consecutive infertile patients having GIFT. INTERVENTION(S): Controlled ovarian hyperstimulation and GIFT. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): The incongruity ratio as a parameter of the asymmetry in follicular development and the clinical PR. RESULT(S): An inverse relationship was observed between the degree of incongruity and the clinical PRs. In patients with an incongruity ratio < 1.5, the clinical PR was 56.1%. In patients with an incongruity ratio > or = 1.5, the clinical PR was only 17.3%. CONCLUSION(S): Incongruent follicular development during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation has a marked negative influence on the outcome of GIFT cycles. Factors such as side of the gamete transfer and oocyte quality did not account for the observed differences.

Adult↗