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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Studies on Au-Ag-Pd-Cu alloys. (Part 1) Effects of Au component on some properties of alloys (author's transl)].

Au-Ag-Pd-Cu quaternary dental alloys were studied to find out the more favourable Au content. Pd and Cu content were fixed to 20 wt% respectively but Au content were changed from 10 wt% to 40 wt% and Ag content were balanced. Tensile, hardness, corrosion and castability test were carried out. Results were as follows. 1) The tensile strength and elongation of swaged specimen showed highest value at 30 wt% Au but in case of casted specimen, tensile strength was highest as 20 wt% and elongation was minimum at 30 wt% Au. Those differences between swaged and cast specimens were seemed to depend on the casting porosities. 2) The Vickers hardness test showed that the hardness gradually increased with Au content and showed the highest value at 30 wt% Au. 3) The corrosion test in the 0.1% Na2S solution indicated that the corrosion resistance was increased with Au content but the rate of increment was slow down at 30 wt% Au. 4) The castability test showed that no significant difference was found out one another. These experimental results seemed to indicate that 30 wt% Au was the favourable composition for Au-Ag-Pd-Cu dental alloys.

Copper↗
PubMed1985

G-6-PD and haemoglobin variants among twelve endogamous Dhangar castes of Maharashtra, India.

Incidence of haemoglobin variants and G-6-PD deficiency among 1385 males belonging to 12 endogamous Dhangar castes of Maharashtra, India, have been reported. Of the 12 castes studied 11 lacked the allele for G-6-PD deficiency; 2.7% of the Thellaris were found to be deficient. Haemoglobin Hb-D trait is found in 2 of the 12 castes; the incidence among Ahirs and Hatkars being 0.82% and 1.91%, respectively. One case of Hb-J among the Ahirs, and 2 examples of thalassaemia trait, one each among Ahirs and Gadharis, have been detected. The low incidence of observed G-6-PD deficiency and the detection of Hb-D and J traits, as well as thalassaemia have been discussed in the light of the nomadic way of life of some of the Dhangar castes and prevalence of malaria in the region they occupy. The data strongly suggest that the Dhangars arrived in Maharashtra in the recent past from northwest.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1981

[Studies on Pd-Co-Ni dental casting ferromagnetic alloys. (Part I) (author's transl)].

Many attempts have been made to use magnets as denture retention. But the magnet, such as alnico, ferrite or Pt-Co magnet, is not sufficient for our daily works. Recently, by using the rare earth metal-cobalt magnet, especially Sm-Co magnet, clinicians have gained good results. But magnet, itself, is not good for use in the mouth. Because it is scarcely possible to shape the magnet into suitable forms, it is easy to be broken by masticatory pressure, and its corrosion resistance is not sufficient and so on. To improve these difficulties, Pd-Co-Ni casting alloys which have soft ferromagnetic properties have been developed in this paper. Some metals were added to the alloy to improve the castability of the ferromagnetic alloy. Magnetic properties, range of solidification temperature and castability were examined. As a result, it was found that (43 Pd-27 Co-30 Ni)-10 Au-0.1 Si and (43 Pd-27 Co-30 Ni)-5 Cu-0.1 Si alloy had most excellent properties.

Cobalt↗
PubMed1981

[Studies on Pd-Co-Ni dental casting ferromagnetic alloys. (Part II) (author's transl)].

In the previous paper, the effect of added metals such as Au, Cu, Cr, Si, etc., on the 43 Pd-27 Co-30 Ni alloy was reported. In this paper, the magnetic properties, mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and casting accuracy of the Pd-Co-Ni alloys containing Au, Zn and Si were studied. Results were as follows: 1) Mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of these alloys satisfied the standards for the dental casting alloys. 2) The corrosion resistance of the alloy containing 10 wt% Au was excellent in comparison with other specimens. 3) Casting accuracy was improved by addition of 10 wt% Au-0.1 wt% Si or 10 wt% Au-1 wt% Zn to the base 43 Pd-27 Co-30 Ni alloy.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1982

Effects of Hb types and G-6-PD deficiency on height, weight and skinfolds: a study on Indian population.

In this paper the effect of age, Hb types and G-6-PD deficiency on height, weight and skinfold thickness among 1720 subjects belonging to Nava-Budha, Maratha and a mixed Scheduled caste of Maharashtra, India, have been examined using two models of analysis of variance. In the first model the factors used for explaining the variation are communities, age, sex, Hb types based on the total sample. In the second model another factor, G-6-PD deficiency, was introduced and only the male sample (n = 852) was considered. The age groups (assessed), sex and communities contribute highly significantly to the variation in weight. Variation in communities, age and sex is highly significant for variations in height and the three skinfold measurements. The effect of variation in Hb types is more than random for height and significant for biceps and triceps thicknesses. G-6-PD deficiency causes significant variation in height and the three skinfold measurements.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

Prevalences of thalassemia/hemoglobinopathies and G-6-PD deficiency in malaria patients.

It seems that thalassemia and/or hemoglobinopathies and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G-6-PD) have some protective effects against malaria infection. To verify this, hemoglobin typing and methehoglobin reduction test were performed on 115 malaria patients and compared with controls. It was found that the number of thalassemia/hemoglobinopathies in the malaria group and in the control group were not significantly different and also occurrence of G-6-PD deficiency in the malaria group was not different from that of the controls. Clinical manifestations of malaria in any group are quite similar. It is concluded that there is no protective effect against malaria in thalassemia/hemoglobinopathies or G-6-PD deficiency.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Characterization of PD 121981- and CGP 42112-induced unmasking of low concentration effects of angiotensin II in rabbit abdominal aorta.

The unmasking of the low concentration effect of angiotensin II (AII) was identified within the concentration ranges of 10(-13) to 10(-11) M of AII by PD 121981 (5-diphenylacetyl-1-(4-methoxy-3-methylbenzyl)- 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-c]-pyridine-6-carboxylic acid) and 10(-12) to 3 x 10(-10) M of AII by CGP 42112 (nicotinic acid-Tyr-(N alpha-benzyl-oxycarbonyl-Arg)Lys-His-Pro-IIe-OH), AT2 antagonists, in association with the ordinary contraction curve, i.e., high concentration effect (at 3 x 10(-10)-10(-6) M of AII), in the rabbit abdominal aorta. Thus, they showed clear biphasic features of AII-induced contraction curves. However, this was not the case for angiotensin I and angiotensin III. This PD 121981-evoked low concentration effect of AII was selectively inhibited by DuP 753 (0.01-1 nM), dithiothreitol (10 and 100 microM), pertussis toxin (50 and 300 ng/ml, for 2 hr), nifedipine (1 and 10 microM) and 8-(diethylamino)octyl 3,4,5-trimethoxybenzoate hydrochloride (1 and 3 microM), which suggests the receptors were the AT1 subtype. However, the high concentration effect of AII was not affected by these drugs within the concentration ranges used in the present studies. These myographic results were almost consistent with the features of the intracellular Ca++ changes. Thus, it was concluded that the receptors that mediate the low concentration effect of AII belong to the AT1 subtype. However, the current study did not determine the mechanism by which PD 121981 and CGP 42112 evoked the up-regulation of the AT1 receptors.

Angiotensin II↗
PubMed1994

Use of private duty nurses for daily CCPD and family relief in pediatric PD patients.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the role of trained home nurses in the care of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) pediatric patients on continuous cycling peritoneal dialysis (CCPD) and/or for family relief. DESIGN: The study was designed to investigate trained home nurses in the care of pediatric ESRD patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD) who entered the home program between February 1991 and October 1993. SETTING: Tertiary-referral university hospital. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We trained the nursing staff of nursing agencies to perform PD with a special emphasis on pediatric care. A weekly nursing summary including daily vital signs, PD flow sheet, medications, and progress notes was sent to the home program. The trained nurses were also utilized for family relief to prevent burn-out. RESULTS: Five children (4 female, 1 male) with ages ranging from 3-14 years were studied. The total number of patient-months was 81 with a range of 4-33 patient-months. During this time, there was only one hospital admission for hyperkalemia and hypertension. Five episodes of peritonitis occurred over 81 patient-months, and all were treated at home. The clinic visit compliance was 100% in patients having nursing help. The administration of erythropoietin at home in these patients was consistent, resulting in higher hematocrit (Hct) levels. The added support to patients and family resulted in a low incidence of complications and infrequent need for hospital admissions. CONCLUSIONS: Our experience suggests that the use of private duty nurses for performing CCPD or for family relief in ESRD children has a favorable outcome and would benefit most pediatric home dialysis programs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

Compliance study in peritoneal dialysis using PD Adequest software.

Poor compliance in peritoneal dialysis (PD) is a significant cause of dropout and morbidity. PD Adequest software, which, through a mathematical model, predicts the effect of the dialysis prescription on the basis of the peritoneal transport, may be used to identify the noncompliant patient. Fifty patients from two dialysis centers, aged 65.9 +/- 1.5 years and on PD for 28.6 +/- 4.7 months, were studied. A peritoneal equilibration test (PET) was carried out and 24-hour urine and dialysate were collected. Total weekly creatinine clearance (CrCl, L/week/1.73 m2) was calculated, as well as the glomerular filtration rate [(GFR), mL/min, mean CrCl and urea nitrogen clearance (UNCI)]. The dialytic schedules used were then introduced into the program and the parameters were recalculated using the software model. Nine patients considered noncompliant from their case histories were used to assess the differences of reference between expected and measured values. The control group was significantly different from the noncompliant group in the percentage of the CrCl and the serum creatinine (sCR) differences. The noncompliance threshold value was calculated from the mean of the lower 95% confidence interval of the compliant group and the higher one of the noncompliant group (-5.3%) for CrCl and vice versa for sCR (+10%), which behaved to the contrary. Reassessing the patients, 11 (22%) were identified as probably noncompliant.

Aged↗
PubMed1997

New perspectives for PD in acute renal failure related to new catheter techniques and introduction of APD.

Acute renal failure remains a major problem in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) patients. Although in most handbooks peritoneal dialysis (PD) is still considered to be the first choice for children < 20 kg and there is some evidence that PD may preserve and/or favor recuperation of renal function, most PICU departments are using continuous veno-venous hemofiltration and dialysis or hemodialysis as treatment. The main reasons for this are workload for the PICU nurses, catheter problems, the risk of peritonitis, and limited ultrafiltration. In a retrospective study (1992-1995) in 46 patients (age 3 days to 14 years), automated PD (APD) was the initial treatment in 44 patients. Complications of the Seldinger-placed Cook (pleuropericard) catheter were limited: leakage (1/44); bleeding: n = 0; obstruction or dislocation: n = 4; peritonitis: n = 1 (Candida); ultrafiltration (UF) problems: n = 3. APD in children with acute renal function (ARF) is a good alternative for continuous veno-venous dialysis. Placement of a pigtail (Cook) catheter is a quick (10 min), safe procedure, with low leakage risk. This, together with the low manipulation rate, gives a low peritonitis rate. The use of the cycler makes frequent changes of small volumes possible, resulting in better clearance, good UF, no interference with hemodynamic or respiratory stability, and a reduced workload.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed1997

Oral pulsed calcitriol protocol reduces the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in a PD unit.

A quality assessment (QA) activity revealed that the percentage of parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels above 300 micrograms/dL was higher in the peritoneal dialysis (PD) unit than in the hemodialysis (HD) unit (44% vs 27%). To reduce the proportion of patients with a target PTH above 200 micrograms/dL, a protocol that emphasized control of the serum phosphate level, standard pulsed doses of calcitriol, and increased patient education was created for the management of renal osteodystrophy. Serum calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels were obtained according to the protocol from July 1994 through June 1996. The percentage of patients achieving a PTH level below 200 micrograms/dL increased from 40% in June 1994 to 57% in June 1996. Significant differences were found in PTH levels at baseline and at test times 1, 2, and 3. Hypercalcemia (Ca > 12) occurred in 4% of the 532 Ca levels drawn during the study period and were due to breaches of protocol. In conclusion, we have confirmed previous work indicating that pulsed calcitriol can control elevated PTH levels in PD patients. Furthermore, we have developed a protocol that can be used as a QA tool to reduce the prevalence of hyperparathyroidism in the outpatient PD setting without inducing excess hypercalcemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1985

The PD subscales: an empirical evaluation.

Harris and Lingoes' (1955) six PD subscales were assessed empirically for their convergent validity and for their utility to discriminate amongst male offenders on the two outcome measures of successful completion of sentences at a correctional halfway house and reincarceration at a 1-year follow-up. The results provided varying degrees of convergent validity for the six constructs devised by Harris and Lingoes. In addition, four of the six subscales predicted success in the halfway house program; one of the six subscales predicted reincarceration. The results were viewed with respect to the overall validity of the PD subscales and with respect to the utility of the subscales to guide dispositions with regard to the placement of offenders into halfway houses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1994

Validity of the MMPI Personality Disorder scales (MMPI-PD).

The MMPI Personality Disorder scales, developed by Morey, Waugh, and Blashfield (1985), were validated on an inpatient population by comparing 104 patients' MMPI-PD scores with the MCMI and with DSM-III-R diagnosis. Conservative significance levels were used to ensure more valid conclusions. Schizoid, Avoidant, Dependent, Histrionic, and Narcissistic scales were correlated significantly. Passive-Aggressive, Schizotypal, and Borderline scales did not correlate with corresponding MCMI scales. The MMPI-PD nonoverlapping scales were most effective in predicting diagnosis, specifically the Personality Disorder NOS, Eccentric and Borderline groups. The overlapping scales were not as effective in predicting diagnosis, but best predicted the Eccentric and Borderline groups. This study provides support for the validity of specific scales and circumscribed diagnostic utility for both measures.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Complex formation of Ni(II), Cu(II), Pd(II), and Co(III) with 1,2,3,4-tetraaminobutane.

Complex formation of the two tetraamine ligands (2S,3S)-1,2,3,4-tetraaminobutane (threo-tetraaminobutane, ttab) and (2R,3S)-1,2,3,4-tetraaminobutane (erythro-tetraaminobutane, etab) with Co(III), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Pd(II) was investigated in aqueous solution and in the solid state. For Ni(II) and Cu(II), the pH-dependent formation of a variety of species [Mn(II)xLyHz](2x+z)+ was established by potentiometric titrations and UV/Vis spectroscopy. In sufficiently acidic solutions the divalent cations formed a mononuclear complex with the doubly protonated ligand of composition [M(H2L)]4+. An example of such a complex was characterized in the crystal structure of [Pd(H2ttab)Cl2]Cl2.H2O. If the metal cation was present in excess, increase of pH resulted in the formation of dinuclear complexes [M2L]4+. Such a species was found in the crystal structure of [Cu2(ttab)Br4].H2O. Excess ligand, on the other hand, lead to the formation of a series of mononuclear bis-complexes [Mq(HxL)(HyL)](q+x+y)+. The crystal structure of [Co(Hetab)2][ZnCl4]2Cl. H2O with the inert, trivalent Co(III) center served as a model to illustrate the structural features of this class of complexes. By using an approximately equimolar ratio of the ligand and the metal cation, a variety of polymeric aggregates both in dilute aqueous solution and in the solid state were observed. The crystal structure of Cu2(ttab)3Br4, which exhibits a two-dimensional, infinite network, and that of [Ni8(ttab)12]Br16.17.5H2O, which contains discrete chiral [Ni8(ttab)12]16+ cubes with approximate T symmetry, are representative examples of such polymers. The energy of different diastereomeric forms of such complexes with the two tetraamine ligands were analyzed by means of molecular mechanics calculations, and the implications of these calculations for the different structures are discussed.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2001

The Pd-catalyzed coupling of allyl halides and tin aryls: why the catalytic reaction works and the stoichiometric reaction does not.

Arylallylpalladium complexes [Pd(5-C6F5-eta3-cyclohexenyl)(C6Cl2F3)(NCMe)] (10) and [Pd2(mu-C6Cl2F3)2(5-C6F5-1,3-eta3-cyclohexenyl)2] (13) have been synthesized. Complex 13 is an example of a rare class of metal complexes with aryl bridges and its X-ray crystal diffraction structure has been determined. These arylallylpalladium complexes are involved in the coupling of Bu3SnRf (1, Rf = dichlorotrifluorophenyl) and [Pd2(mu-Br)2(5-C6F5-1,3-eta3-cyclohexenyl)2] (2); complex 10 has been detected in the course of the stoichiometric coupling reaction in acetonitrile. Decomposition experiments of 10 and 13 in different conditions, and comparison with the reactions of 1 and 2, allow us to determine that reductive elimination does not occur in the absence of additives. p-Benzoquinone coordinates to Pd to give complex 15 and promotes reductive elimination to give the coupling products selectively. The outcome of the coupling reaction is controlled by the reductive elimination step, but the overall rate is controlled by the faster preequilibrium, which determines the concentration of 10 or 13. Palladium-catalyzed coupling of allyl halides and tin aryls works better than the stoichiometric allyl-aryl reductive coupling on isolated allylarylpalladium complexes, because they benefit from the presence in the solution of substrate allylic halides acting as electron-withdrawing olefins and promoting reductive elimination. More efficient allyl-aryl couplings, whether stoichiometric or catalytic, can be achieved upon addition of p-benzoquinone to the reaction mixture in a noncoordinating solvent.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2002

Analysis of stereochemical convergence in asymmetric pd-catalysed allylic alkylation reactions complicated by halide and memory effects.

A quantitative two-term description of memory effects arising in Pd-catalysed allylic alkylation reactions formally proceeding through 'meso'-type pi-allylpalladium intermediates is presented. The utility of this description (stereochemical convergence (sc) and global enantiomeric excess (ee(g))) is demonstrated by application to a series of Pd-catalysed allylic alkylation reactions involving racemic cyclopentenyl esters. Analysis of such reactions, by employing a range of enantiomerically pure monophosphine ligands, reinforces the conclusion that selectivities (enantiomeric excess (ee) values) obtained under standard 'benchmark' type conditions may be very misleading when powerful memory effects are operative. However, by comparison of sc and ee for a given ligand/solvent combination under a range of related conditions, one may predict the limiting ('latent') selectivity that will be obtained when the memory effect is negated. This technique is exemplified with one particular ligand (4 b, 'MAP') for which a number of strategies were employed to find conditions that negate the memory effect and reveal the limiting selectivity of the ligand. These conditions give a higher limiting global selectivity than that obtainable by using standard diastereoisomer equilibration methods such as added halide. Thus, the analysis of sc versus ee(g) also allows subtle changes in selectivity to be discerned. The difference in limiting selectivity (chloride versus non-chloride conditions) is proposed to arise through the nucleophilic attack of neutral monodentate versus cationic bidentate MAP (4 b) or MOP (4 a) complexes.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Synthesis and efficiency of a chelating fiber for preconcentration and separation of trace Au(III) and Pd(IV) from solution samples.

A novel poly(acryl-benzoylamidrazone-acryl-benzoylhydrazine) chelating fiber was synthesized simply from nitrilon (polyacrylonitrile fiber). The structure of the chelating fiber was verified with the help of FT-IR spectrum. The parameters influencing the efficiency of the fiber for concentrating trace amounts of Au(III) and Pd(IV) were investigated in detail. Trace Au(III) and Pd(IV) were enriched and separated from real sample solutions and detected using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) with satisfactory results. The experiments show that the method is rapid, precise, simple and convenient to use.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed2004

Erythrocytosis due to bisphosphoglycerate mutase deficiency with concurrent glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD) deficiency.

A 28-year-old asymptomatic male of Iranian Jewish (Meshadi) heritage was found on routine exam to have an erythrocytosis (RBC = 6.22 x 10(12)/l, Hgb = 19.2 g/dl, Hct = 58.9%). Splenomegaly was absent on physical exam. There was no family history of erythrocytosis. His oxygen dissociation curve was left-shifted with a p50 of 19 mmHg (normal = 25-32 mmHg). Hemoglobin electrophoresis showed no abnormalities. DNA sequencing of the hemoglobin beta globin gene and both alpha globin genes did not reveal a mutation. A 2,3-bisphosphoglycerate (BPG) level was markedly decreased at 0.3 micromol/g Hb (normal = 11.4-19.4 micromol/g Hb). The patient's bisphosphoglycerate mutase (BPGM) enzyme activity was also markedly decreased at 0.16 IU/g Hb (normal = 4.13-5.43 IU/g Hb). A red cell enzyme panel revealed a markedly decreased G-6-PD level (0.3 U/g Hb, normal = 8.6-18.6 U/g Hb). His parents and a brother were also available for evaluation. Both parents showed normal 2,3-BPG levels but BPGM activity approximately 50% of normal. Paradoxically, the brother showed normal BPGM activity but a slightly decreased 2,3-BPG level. All family members had markedly decreased G-6-PD activity. DNA sequencing of the BPGM gene showed the propositus to be homozygous for 185 G-->A, Arg 62 Gln in exon 2. Thus, the erythrocytosis in this patient is secondary to low 2,3-BPG levels, due to a deficiency in BPG mutase. This appears due to consanguinity within this family.

Adult↗