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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Nephrolithiasis and bone involvement in primary hyperparathyroidism. The relative role of vitamin D].

In order to analyze the role of 1,25(OH)2 D3 in bone and renal presentation forms of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP), 61 patients, whose diagnosis had been confirmed surgically, were studied. An increase in serum 1,25(OH)2 D3 levels was found in PHP when compared to normal controls (49.1 +/- 2.8 pg/ml vs 34.1 +/- 1.4 pg/ml) (p less than 0.5). This increase directly correlates with serum alkaline phosphatase and creatinine clearance and inversely correlates with age. When patients were divided into two groups: A (n = 35) and B (n = 26) according to normal or increased 1,25(OH)2 D3 respectively, no difference was found in the clinical presentation forms of PHP. However, higher values of the biochemical parameters and bone remodeling markers were found in group B than in group A. This suggests the role of 1,25(OH)2 D3 as a modulator of metabolic activity in PHP and its possible therapeutic character in the clinical control of asymptomatic forms.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Metabolic abnormalities and the medical management of calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis.

The lifetime prevalence of urolithiasis is approximately 12% for men and 7% for women in the United States and seems to be increasing; the cost of managing kidney stones continues to escalate. The most common kidney stones continue to be composed primarily of calcium and are an admixture of phosphate and oxalate. Of these, calcium oxalate stones are the most predominant. This review will focus only on the pathogenesis and medical management of calcium oxalate stones.

Calcium Metabolism Disorders↗
PubMed2006

The use of alpha-blockers for the treatment of nephrolithiasis.

Medical expulsion therapy has been shown to be a useful adjunct to observation in the management of ureteral stones. Alpha-1-adrenergic receptor antagonists have been studied in this role. Alpha-1 receptors are located in the human ureter, especially the distal ureter. Alpha-blockers have been demonstrated to increase expulsion rates of distal ureteral stones, decrease time to expulsion, and decrease need for analgesia during stone passage. Alpha-blockers promote stone passage in patients receiving shock wave lithotripsy, and may be able to relieve ureteral stent-related symptoms. In the appropriate clinical scenario, the use of alpha-blockers is recommended in the conservative management of distal ureteral stones.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1990

Urinary calculi associated with purine metabolism. Uric acid nephrolithiasis.

Uric acid stones are the consequences of abnormalities in purine metabolism, urate/uric acid renal handling, or excess dietary protein. Treatment is aimed at preventing additional formation by decreasing the degree of urate and uric acid supersaturation in urine, by altering diet, fluid intake, and the urine pH, and by blocking steps in uric acid production.

Adenine Phosphoribosyltransferase↗
PubMed1990

Current surgical approaches to nephrolithiasis.

Shock wave lithotripsy is the cornerstone of the modern management of surgical stone disease and is the procedure of choice for small stones in uncomplicated situations. As complexity increases and as the stone size increases, percutaneous lithotripsy becomes more important. Ureteroscopy is preferable for lower ureteral stones and is useful for many mid and upper ureteral stones. Occasional large, complicated stones, or stones that can be reached no other way, require open surgery. Successful management of a wide variety of patients with urinary calculi requires the recognition that multiple forms of therapy are necessary. Identification of the situations best managed by these different treatments will ensure optimal management of patients with surgical stone disease.

Humans↗