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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Local cerebral glucose utilization in rats with decerebrate rigidity and effects of centrally acting muscle relaxants, diazepam and tizanidine.

Local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) was investigated in rats with decerebrate rigidity using the [14C]2-deoxyglucose (2DG) method in order to identify the site responsible for the rigidity. LCGU was increased in the medial vestibular nucleus, the fastigial nucleus, the interpositus nucleus and the dentate nucleus during decerebrate rigidity. Diazepam and tizanidine, centrally acting muscle relaxants, reduced the increase of LCGU in the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei. These results suggest that the vestibular and cerebellar nuclei are the possible sites responsible for the development of decerebrate rigidity and the action of some centrally acting muscle relaxants.

Animals↗
PubMed2002

Pseudotumor cerebri manifesting as stiff neck and torticollis.

Stiff neck and torticollis are significant signs of neurologic disease. Nuchal rigidity is often associated with meningitis, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and posterior fossa tumor. Torticollis may be encountered in inflammatory disorders, such as cervical lymphadenitis, or it can be a sign of spinal cord syrinx or of central nervous system neoplasm. We report on three prepubertal children in whom stiff neck and torticollis were the presenting signs of pseudotumor cerebri. In all, the removal of 6-7 mL of cerebrospinal fluid led to prompt relief of symptoms and signs. We suggest that in the presence of unexplained stiff neck or torticollis in children, the optic discs should be examined to exclude pseudotumor cerebri.

Child↗
PubMed2006

Abdominal pain with rigidity secondary to the anti-emetic drug metoclopramide.

We report a case of abdominal pain with rigidity, mimicking an acute abdomen, caused by metoclopramide, a common anti-emetic drug. Extrapyramidal symptoms are commonly reported side-effects of this medication. They generally include involuntary movements of limbs, torticollis, oculogyric crisis, rhythmic protrusion of tongue, trismus, or dystonic reactions resembling tetanus, etc. Abdominal rigidity due to this medication, resembling an acute abdomen, has not been reported previously. This case report illustrates the importance of considering medication side-effects when evaluating a patient with abdominal pain and rigidity.

Abdomen, Acute↗
PubMed1986

[Agenesis of the left internal carotid artery, common carotid artery and main trunk of the external carotid artery associated with multiple cerebral aneurysms: case report].

A case of agenesis of the left internal carotid artery, common carotid artery and main trunk of external carotid artery with multiple cerebral aneurysms is presented. No similar case has been reported before. A 70-year-old man who had severe headache was admitted to the neurological department of Matsuyama Shimin Hospital. On admission he demonstrated nuchal rigidity and motor aphasia. CT scan revealed subarachnoid hemorrhage with intracerebral hematoma in the left temporal area. Right common carotid angiography, bilateral retrograde brachial angiography and aortography demonstrated an agenesis of the left internal carotid artery, common carotid artery and main trunk of external carotid artery with aneurysms of the anterior communicating artery, left middle cerebral artery and basilar tip. And these revealed that the left middle cerebral artery was fed from the basilar artery via the dilated left posterior communicating artery, and the left ophthalmic artery was originated from the left middle cerebral artery. CT of the base of the skull revealed no carotid canal on the left side. We confirmed these findings by operation. The importance of altered hemodynamic forces on the circle of Willis produced by the agenesis of the internal carotid artery and the embryological considerations are discussed.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

[An autopsy case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with dementia and neck extension].

A 58-year-old man recognized hoarseness and dysarthria followed by weakness of the left upper extremity. Examination five months later disclosed dementia which was manifested dominantly by changes in personality and behavior, but also by symptoms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. He became progressively weak, and his neck became rigid and extended for two months. He expired due to respiratory failure at the age of 60. At autopsy, the brain weighed 1120 g with atrophy of the temporal lobes. Microscopic examination revealed marked diminution of Betz cells with astrocytic proliferation in the motor cortex. There was a mild, localized spongy state in the upper layer in the frontal and temporal cortices. There were very few neurofibrillary changes and senile plaques, and no Pick's argentophilic bodies. Fibrillary gliosis was found in the white matter of the temporal lobes, external segment of the globus pallidus and the amygdaloid nucleus. The substantia nigra showed depletion of pigmented cells, free melanin pigment and reactive astrocytosis. A diminished number of motor neurons in the brain stem and spinal cord accompanied astrocytic gliosis, while the remaining cell contained many Bunina bodies. The pyramidal tracts showed mild degeneration bilaterally below the pyramis in the medulla. There are a number of cases in the literature whose pictures consist of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, dementia and/or extrapyramidal symptoms. This case is identical to those cases. But in this case, the clinical and pathological features of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis are more dominant than in other cases.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis↗