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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

Factor structure of the MMPI-168 in male narcotic addicts.

Factor analyses of abbreviated clinical and validating scales derived from the MMPI-168 yielded essentially the same solutions reported for full-length versions of the inventory. However, previously derived item-level factor scales did not emerge as distinct factors. Although the factor structures associated with black and white narcotic addict samples (N = 460) were highly similar, significant mean differences between the racial groups on many of the scales suggested the presence of greater psychopathology among white addicts.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Validity of five MMPI alcoholism scales.

Assessed five alcoholism scales derived from the MMPI for their ability to classify accurately two groups of alcoholics (N = 120) and a group of nonalcoholic psychiatric patients (N = 60) in an inpatient treatment setting. The alcoholic group was divided into those who were self-committed and those who were court-committed. Depending on how the data were treated, only one, or none of the scales was accurate.

Alcoholism↗
PubMed1983

Identification of excessive back disability with the Faschingbauer Abbreviated MMPI.

Tested the accuracy of the MMPI and the FAM for predicting appropriate vs. inappropriate disability (illness behavior) in low back pain patients (N = 123). When the Hypochondriasis and Hysteria scales were used, both versions had a 79% hit rate for inappropriate disability and at least an 80% overall correct classification rate. The resulting brief screening measure included 52 items.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1983

Age group differences in depression on MMPI D scale.

Much of the work that has been done to the present in exploring age differences in the assessment of depression has utilized normally aging populations. This research has indicated that present depression scales may yield many false positives for depression because of the large number of somatic items that these scales contain. An important question is whether this same finding would hold in psychiatric populations, which are the ones most likely to be subject to diagnosis. The present study was designed to supply information in that area. The D-scale responses of the MMPI for 6,964 patients were factor-analyzed. Results indicated significant differences in the expression of depression for three age groups--20-39, 40-59 and 60+ years. A central core of items that accounted for one-half of the variances for all three groups was found. Additional items appeared across the age groups with greater to lesser significance in terms of the variance accounted for producing distinct qualitative differences. Concern over declining physical well-being was not part of the central core of depression for the older group in this psychiatric population.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Marital MMPI characteristics: a test of Arnold's signs.

Investigated the usefulness of Arnold's Signs (certain MMPI personality characteristics) in examining marital discord among three clinical groups of married couples (N = 72). Couples who were parents of children brought to a mental health facility, couples who were seeking marital counseling, and couples in the process of divorce. While it was predicted that the divorcing group would reveal the most amount of discord, results revealed that the counseling group was consistently higher on all of the signs that reached significance. Possible explanations and recommendations for the use of Arnold's Signs are made.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The prediction of paranoid behavior: comparative validities of obvious vs. subtle MMPI Paranoia (Pa) items.

Assessed the relations among the obvious, neutral, and subtle MMPI Paranoia (PA) subscale scores and criteria that consisted of Mehrabian's Stimulus Screening Scale, Rotter's Interpersonal Trust Scale, a Paranoia Questionnaire, the Einstellung Test, and an unobtrusive measure of personalization. Male college students served as Ss (N = 100). The obvious PA subscale was found to be correlated significantly with Mehrabian's Stimulus Screening Scale, Rotter's Interpersonal Trust Scale (in a negative direction), and the Paranoia Questionnaire. The neutral PA subscale was related significantly to Mehrabian's Stimulus Screening Scale, Rotter's Interpersonal Trust Scale (also in a negative direction), and, at a trend level, the Einstellung Test. The subtle subscale correlated with Rotter's Interpersonal Trust Scale (in a positive direction) and an unobtrusive measure of personalization. Correlations among the criteria themselves were generally insignificant, but the relationships found supported the use of the paranoia criteria as measures of the intended construct.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Validity of a computerized on-line MMPI interpretive system.

Three independent, experienced clinicians trained at the University of Minnesota were asked to rate the quality and accuracy of codetype interpretations and associated rules used in the Psych Systems' automated MMPI program. Results showed that this system is rated highly by clinicians. The authors discuss how this approach can be used in validating other automated test interpretation systems and suggest that feedback by expert judges can be used to improve such systems.

Computers↗
PubMed1983

K-scale correction and percentile norms for MMPI-168 factor scores.

Appropriate K-corrections for MMPI-168 factor scales and for a general psychopathology screening scale (PSY) were derived empirically. Percentile distributions of the K-corrected scales in a large normal sample (N = 1438) were determined, and a percentile profile sheet was constructed to facilitate clinical use (N = 1048). The validity of the K-corrected scales in distinguishing psychiatric patients from normals is examined.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

MMPI clinical and content norms for a mixed psychiatric adolescent population.

Presented a set of MMPI norms for a mixed psychiatric group of adolescents (N = 1022). Normative information is stratified according to five age categories and includes means and standard deviations for the validity, clinical, and 48 content scales. The usefulness of these norms for clinicians is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

MMPI code types and DSM-III diagnoses.

Examined the relationship of the MMPI high-point codes and the diagnostic system of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual III of the American Psychiatric Association. Five psychiatrists reanalyzed the patients' records and rendered a DSM-III diagnosis. In all, 24 code types were identified from the private psychiatric clinic sample (N = 261). The resulting clusters of diagnostic classification are presented, and, additionally, a narrative summation for each code type is given.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Identification of suicide attempters by means of MMPI profiles.

Used multivariate procedures to determine whether psychiatric patients who had made a suicide attempt immediately prior to hospitalization (N = 161) could be differentiated from nonsuicidal psychiatric patients (N = 161). Multivariate analysis of variance and cluster analysis failed to identify differences in the MMPI data of suicidal and nonsuicidal patients. In contrast, discriminant analysis produced a modest degree of differentiation that generally was maintained in the cross-validation.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A cost-effective means of improving the statistical validity of an MMPI short form.

Faschingbauer Abbreviated MMPI (FAM) scales were K-corrected using the FAM K scale or the standard K scale (N = 1,258 normals; 1,181 psychiatric inpatients). The latter increased the correlation between abbreviated and standard scales by amounts proportional to the degree of K-correction. Because using the entire K scale involves the addition of only 11 items to the FAM while it improves the statistical validity of 4 scales in addition to K, this was proposed as a cost-effective means of improving the FAM.

Cost-Benefit Analysis↗
PubMed1984

Correlates of the MMPI LB scale in a college population.

Administered the Low Back Pain Scale (LB) and the K Scale of the MMPI, the College Schedule of Recent Experience (CSRE), a psychosomatic disorder checklist, and the item, "I frequently have problems with my mother," to 53 male and 70 female college freshmen. Ss with a psychosomatic disorder scored higher on LB and on the CSRE. Females who reported problems with their mothers were more likely to have a psychosomatic disorder. The results suggest different etiology for psychosomatic disorders between males and females.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

"Floating" MMPI profiles revisited.

Attempted to replicate and update the characteristics of a sample of hospitalized psychiatric patients who produced "floating" MMPI profiles (N = 69). While the demographic data were somewhat different, the historical information, types of psychopathology and symptoms observed, and response to treatment were markedly similar. If diagnosed using DSM-III, approximately 30% of the patients would be classified as borderline character disorder, while another 20% would be classified as major depressive disorder.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Borderline personality disorder and the MMPI.

Fourteen patients diagnosed as borderline on the basis of the Diagnostic Interview for Borderlines obtained a mean group profile of 8-2-7 similar in configuration, but more elevated than that obtained by a group of 7 diagnostically heterogeneous controls. The borderline patients manifested significantly greater hypochondriasis, depression and hysteria, slightly more schizotypal features, a more deviant self-presentation, and lesser defensiveness. However, considerable heterogeneity in symptomatology was found within the borderline subsample. Further, clinical scales comprised of a higher proportion of relatively subtle and presumably less structured items did not discriminate borderline from control patients more effectively than did those scales made up of a lower proportion of such items. The results offer partial support for the construct validity of the borderline syndrome and for the usefulness of the MMPI in differentiating it from other psychiatric disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of the effectiveness of MMPI indices in the discrimination of brain-damaged and schizophrenic patients.

Assessed the effectiveness of 22 published MMPI procedures to differentiate organic brain syndrome (OBS) from schizophrenic (Sc) patients. Generally, each procedure previously has been suggested to have some effectiveness in making this differentiation. When assessed across studies, however, the S groups have differed on so many relevant variables (age, sex, clinical setting, etc.) that direct comparisons of their relative effectiveness cannot be made. In the current study the accuracy rates are presented for each of the 22 discrimination procedures with a sample matched on age, education, and IQ and also with an unmatched sample, all selected from the patient population at a neuropsychiatric setting. With the matched sample the Hs-Pt Index (Watson, Plemel , & Jacobs, 1978) and the Sc-O Scale, Unweighted Long form (Watson, 1971) reached statistical significance (p less than .10). With the unmatched sample both of the above procedures plus the OBS Signs procedure ( Markowitz , 1973) and P-O Scale (Watson & Plemel , 1978) reached statistical significance (p less than .10). Overall accuracy rates of those procedures found to be statistically significant ranged from 61.5 to 70.0%. These accuracy rates compare favorably to those obtained with more complex and time-consuming neuropsychiatric batteries.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Face validity vs. item subtlety in the MMPI D scale.

The distinction between item subtlety and face validity ( Holden & Jackson, 1979) provided the basis to reevaluate findings for subtle items in the MMPI D scale (N = 214). Results indicated that the inclusion of nonpathological items in the D scale did not lead to greater predictive validity of depression criteria. The need for substantive considerations in scale construction was emphasized further.

Adult↗