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[Electric accidents].

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Burns, Electric↗

[Constant low-frequency electrical and electromagnetic fields (biological action and hygienic evaluation)].

The literature data are used to analyze the hygienic situation when man is exposed to constant electrical and low frequency electromagnetic radiations. The spectral characteristics and intensities of electrical fields near and on the surface of the Earth generated by natural sources of electromagnetic radiations (electrical quasi-static fields, atmospheric electricity, thunderstorm charges, electromagnetic radiation emitted by the sun and galaxies) are given. They can be employed to determine man's adaptive capabilities to the frequencies described during acute and chronic irradiation. The mechanisms of biological effects of the exposures are discussed. The methods for calculating the safety levels based on the USSR radiation safety standards and the "competing frequencies" procedure proposed can be applied to the design of electrotechnical devices and evaluation of integral hazard of constant electrical and electromagnetic fields of low frequencies.

Cell Membrane Permeability↗

[Wallenberg syndrome in childhood secondary to the striking by lightening].

Wallenberg's Syndrome (WS) is exceptional in childhood. We present a case of a 10 year-old girl with a WS caused by an embolism in the right lateral portion of the medulla secondary to an electrofulguration, but with an unusual progressive outcome, developing clinical signs of medial medullar injury, leading even into a respiratory failure 30 days after admittance. She only became stable after surgical lesion decompression. There was no evidence of vascular malformation, finding only a great oedema. The pathology only showed changes compatible with brain infarction. This case makes again clear the superiority of MRI upon CT-scan to diagnose a WS. We think that the unusual progression of the lesion was due to great medullar oedema found on surgery, involving the brain regional flow.

Cerebrovascular Circulation↗

Cardiac problems associated with electrical injury.

Electrical injury is uncommon, and cardiac involvement occurs in a minority of patients who are injured. Cardiovascular complications in the electrically injured patient, however, can be devastating. Because the presentation of electrical injury to the heart can be atypical in nature, delayed in onset, or obscured by other trauma, caution must be exercised in the interpretation of initial symptoms, ECGs, monitor strips, and cardiac enzymes. Whenever there is doubt concerning the presence of cardiovascular injury, the patient should be monitored. When cardiac complications are in evidence, expectant management is generally sufficient. When specific management of cardiac arrest, other dysrhythmias, myocardial necrosis, hypertension, or conduction abnormalities is required, standard therapeutic regimens are generally appropriate. In managing apparent acute myocardial infarction, however, the possibility that the injury is not of ischemic origin must be considered. Reperfusion techniques should be applied only when occlusive coronary thrombosis is strongly suspected or angiographically confirmed. The risk of developing chronic cardiac disease after electrical injury to the heart is unknown. Patients who sustain cardiovascular injuries should be followed for at least 12 months and avoid elective surgery for 6 months after the incident.

Arrhythmias, Cardiac↗