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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Effects of a chlorhexidine gluconate oral rinse on the incidence of alveolar osteitis in mandibular third molar surgery.

Alveolar osteitis (dry socket) continues to be a frequent sequela of third molar surgery. Chlorhexidine 0.12% used as an oral rinse has been reported to reduce the incidence of dry socket. This study compares the effectiveness of 0.12% chlorhexidine used as a preoperative rinse and immediate postextraction irrigant with 1) similarly used 0.05% cetylpyridium, preoperative chlorhexidine rinse and postextraction saline irrigation, and 2) only postextraction irrigation with normal saline in the reduction of alveolar osteitis in mandibular third molar extractions. The results indicate that chlorhexidine and cetylpyridium were no more effective in the reduction of alveolar osteitis than postextraction irrigation with normal saline.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2006

HPLC determination of chlorhexidine gluconate and p-chloroaniline in topical ointment.

A novel fast isocratic reversed-phase HPLC method for simultaneous determination of chlorhexidine and its degradation product p-chloroaniline was developed. Zorbax SB Phenyl column (75 mm x 4.6 mm, 3.5 microm) was used for the separation. Mobile phase composed of acetonitrile and buffer solution of 0.08 M sodium phosphate monobasic containing 5 ml of triethylamine (0.5%) and adjust with 85% phosphoric acid to pH 3.0 in ratio 35:65 (v/v) pumped isocratically at flow rate 0.6 ml min(-1) was used. UV detection was performed at 239 nm, the total analysis time was about 10 min. The method is suitable for practical routine analysis of topical ointment in the quality control laboratory.

Acetonitriles↗
PubMed2004

Efficacy of chlorhexidine gluconate rinse for treatment and prevention of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected children: a pilot study.

PURPOSE: We evaluated the effect of chlorhexidine (CHX) 0.12% rinses on the clinical and microbiologic manifestations of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected children. STUDY DESIGN: This was a cross-sectional, clinical intervention study of 38 HIV-positive children. Inclusion in the study was based on oral examination and positive oral culture for Candida. At baseline, subjects with no clinical lesions but who were culture-positive for Candida (N = 9) were placed on preventive therapy of CHX q.d. for 90 days. Subjects with clinical oral candidiasis (N = 9) were placed on therapeutic CHX b.i.d. All 38 subjects received oral exams at monthly intervals. At 90 days oral mucosal samples were again taken for Candida. Colony-forming units (CFU) were determined before and after CHX treatment. RESULTS: Of 18 culture-positive subjects, 12 were included in the CFU analyses. After 3 months of CHX oral rinse therapy, Candida was undetectable in 3 children; another 8 showed an average 2-fold reduction in CFU. In 1 child the number of CFU increased modestly. Overall, the average pre- and posttreatment mean CFU was 6.18 +/- 2.19 and 2.73 +/- 3.15, respectively (P = .009). Five patients with clinical oral candidiasis at baseline, including all 3 who had pseudomembranous candidiasis, were free of signs of disease at the end of the study. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the topical disinfectant CHX may be a promising agent for treating and preventing oral candidiasis in HIV-infected children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Analysis of Cinchona alkaloids by high-performance liquid chromatography. Application to the analysis of quinidine gluconate and quinidine sulfate and their dosage forms.

The application of high-performance liquid chromatography to resolve the individual alkaloids present in marketed Cinchona alkaloids was investigated. Normal-phase and several reversed-phase systems were evaluated. The proposed procedure uses an alkylphenyl column; it adequately resolves quinidine, quinine, dihydroquinidine, dihydroquinine, cinchonine, cinchonidine, dihydrocinchonine and dihydrocinchonidine. Epiquinidine, epiquinine, quininone and quinitoxine are also resolved from quinidine and dihydroquinidine. This high degree of resolution enables the analysis of quinidine and its salts for their usual composition and establishes the absence of any cross-contamination or decomposition. The proposed procedure was applied to currently marketed samples of quinidine salts and their dosage forms. It was also applied to samples that were cross-contaminated or which contained decomposition products.

Capsules↗
PubMed1983

Comparison of 4% chlorhexidine gluconate in a detergent base (Hibiclens) and povidone-iodine (Betadine) for the skin preparation of hemodialysis patients and personnel.

The abnormal cutaneous flora of hemodialysis (HD) patients might contribute to their frequent septic complications. We compared the effects of 13 wk of Betadine and 13 wk of Hibiclens on the skin flora of HD patients and personnel. Skin cultures were obtained weekly immediately prior to the disinfection, preceding each triweekly HD treatment, and monthly, at 2 and 4 hr postdisinfection. Total bacterial counts from predisinfection cultures were not significantly altered over either 13-wk treatment period. Hibiclens reduced total bacterial counts (p less than 0.01) and eradicated cutaneous staphylococci (p = 0.032) at both 2 and 4 hr postdisinfection significantly more than did Betadine. No reduction of staphylococcal sensitivity to either germicidal agent could be demonstrated. Neither agent was associated with severe adverse reactions and Hibiclens could not be detected in the blood. Hibiclens appears to offer short-term advantages over Betadine in the HD setting because of significantly longer duration of antibacterial activity.

Allied Health Personnel↗