SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Finasteride”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

SourceResearch connectionFrom yearThrough year

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources

PubMed2003

Sigma 1 receptor-related neuroactive steroids modulate cocaine-induced reward.

The sigma1 receptor is critically involved in the rewarding effect of cocaine, as measured using the conditioned place preference (CPP) procedure in mice. Neuroactive steroids exert rapid neuromodulatory effects in the brain by interacting with GABA(A), NMDA, and sigma1 receptors. At the sigma1 receptor level, 3beta-hydroxy-5-androsten-17-one [dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)] and 3beta-hydroxy-5-pregnen-20-one (pregnenolone) act as agonists, whereas 4-pregnene-3,20-dione (progesterone) is an efficient antagonist. The present study sought to investigate the action of neuroactive steroids in acquisition of cocaine-induced CPP in C57BL/6 mice. None of these steroids induced CPP alone. However, pretreatment with DHEA or pregnenolone (5-20 mg/kg, s.c.) during conditioning with cocaine (10 mg/kg, i.p.) increased the conditioned score. On the contrary, pretreatment with either progesterone (10 or 20 mg/kg, s.c.) or finasteride (25 mg/kg, twice a day), a 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, blocked acquisition of cocaine (20 mg/kg)-induced CPP. A crossed pharmacology was observed between steroids and sigma1 ligands. The sigma1 antagonist N-[2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)ethyl]-N-methyl-2-(dimethylamino)ethylamine blocked cocaine-induced CPP and its potentiation by DHEA or pregnenolone. Progesterone blocked cocaine-induced CPP and its potentiation by the sigma1 agonist igmesine. These results showed that neuroactive steroids play a role in cocaine-induced appetence, through their interaction with the sigma1 receptor. Therefore, neuroendocrine control of cocaine addiction may not involve solely glucocorticoids. The importance of neuroactive steroids as factors of individual vulnerability to drug addiction should, thus, be considered.

Animals↗

PubMed2003

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: from A - Z.

The management of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia over the last decade underwent many changes. The introduction of many medical options including alpha blockers and 5 alpha reductase inhibitors provided alternatives to what used to be surgery or "watchful waiting". Alpha blockers evolved over the years from non specific alpha 1, and 2 blockers to alpha 1 selective and then to alpha 1a selective with a wider acceptance due to lack of need to titrate and a better safety profile. 5 alpha reductase inhibitor (finasteride) passed through a lot of changes from being the first medication directed at treating the disease process to less acceptance because of time to response and early data supporting no added benefit when combined to alpha blockers for a short period. Longer studies now demonstrate a benefit to combination causing a reduction of progression parameters and an advantage over 4 years in reducing endpoints, namely acute urinary retention and surgery. Surgical options have also undergone many changes over the last decade with introduction of minimally invasive options as well as the introduction of new energy sources to reduce complications and allow for management of larger glands such as Holmium laser enucleation of the prostate or the use of bipolar loops. The journey has been long and exciting and we are sure Ernie Ramsey enjoyed being in the forefront of the evolution.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed1992

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: drug and nondrug therapies.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a frequent finding in older men. Patients with symptoms have traditionally been treated with transurethral resection of the prostate, a surgical technique that effectively reduces infravesical obstruction. Nonsurgical management of BPH also has the potential to play an important role in the treatment of patients with moderate or severe symptoms or in those who do not elect surgery. Data are being evaluated to determine the efficacy of treating symptomatic BPH with such modalities as balloon dilation, prostate hyperthermia, androgen suppression, the 5-alpha reductase inhibitor finasteride, and selective alpha blockers.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed1992

Laboratory monitoring of androgenic activity in benign prostate hypertrophy treated with a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor.

Testosterone and androstenedione are metabolized by 5 alpha- and 5 beta-reductases to androsterone (A) and etiocholanolone (E), respectively. These are excreted in the urine as conjugates, and the A/E ratio in normal men is usually greater than or equal to 1.5 (as opposed to 1 in women) because of the high 5 alpha-reductase activity in the prostate. The A/E ratio can be determined simply by gas chromatography after acid hydrolysis of a urine sample, extraction of steroids, and formation of trimethylsilyl derivatives. A timed collection of urine is unnecessary because the ratio of A/E is used rather than absolute values. In men suffering from benign prostate hypertrophy who are treated with Finasteride (a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor), the A/E ratio decreases to less than 0.5. The A/E ratio decrease can be detected long before there is clinical improvement.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed2003

[Pharmacologic treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Medical treatment for benign prostatic hyperplasia is reviewed by the author. Experiences with herbal extracts have been known for more than 2 decades. Treating benign prostatic hyperplasia with these extracts are recommended in initial phase. Effectiveness of these drugs are approved by some placebo controlled double blind studies. However effectiveness of these are not as good as medical drugs'. It is well known that they have no side effects and are cheaper than medicines. Prostate volume is decreased and mechanical component of dysuria is improved by treating for long time (months, years) with 5 alfa reductase finasterid which contain hormone. This drug is indicated when volume of the prostate is over 40 g. Dynamical component of benign prostatic hyperplasia is treated with a receptor blockers which act on the bladder neck. These medicines effect earlier and are recommended for all benign prostatic hyperplasia patients independently of prostate volume. These might have some side effect like hypotension.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed2004

The treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women in reproductive age. As for the treatment of this disease the lack of a clear etiology for PCOS has led to a symptom-orientated treatment. However, the overall aims of treatment are to induce ovulation for women desiring conception, to reduce androgen levels, to reduce body weight and to reduce long-term health risks of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Clomiphene citrate (CC) is recommended as first line treatment for induction of ovulation in patients with PCOS by virtue of its efficacy, safety, and ease of administration. Alternatives for CC-resistant patients include gonadotrophin therapy (better with low-dose step-up protocol) and laparoscopic ovarian diathermy. Recently, recombinant FSH (rFSH) has been introduced in clinical practice and it seems more effective than urinary FSH as demonstrated by a significantly higher number of follicles recruited and embryos obtained with a shorter treatment period. The addition of GnRH-agonist to the stimulation protocol for women affected by PCOS could reduce premature luteinization and increase cycle fecundity. Other drugs under investigation are metformin and cabergoline. Hirsutism is the manifestation of hyperandrogenemia in PCOS. The primary goal of the treatment of hirsutim is central or peripheral androgen suppression using 3 groups of drugs: inhibitors of androgen production (oral contraceptives, GnRH analogues), peripheral androgen blockers (cyproterone acetate, flutamide, finasteride and spironolactone), and insulin-sensitizing agents (metformin). Weight reduction and exercise could also improve not only menstrual disturbances and infertility, but also insulin resistance and its adverse metabolic con-sequences.

Adult↗

PubMed2005

Androgenetic alopecia and current methods of treatment.

Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common dermatological condition affecting both men and women. In the case of men, up to 30% over the age of 30 and more than 50% over the age of 50 are affected. AGA also affects women although clinical signs are usually milder and associated with diffuse thinning of the scalp hair. AGA invariably causes serious psychological problems especially in women. By far the most promising approaches to the treatment of baldness in men are drug therapies, such as topical minoxidil and finasteride administered systemically. Mild to moderate AGA in women can be treated with antiandrogens and/or topical minoxidil with good results in many cases.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed2005

[Effect of large-dosage of 5alpha-reductase inhibitors on the spermatogenesis of male rats].

OBJECTIVE: To identify the role of 5alpha-reductase in the spermatogenesis of male rats by studying the effect of two 5alpha-reductase inhibitors, Epristeride and Finasteride, on the spermatogenesis in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. METHODS: Changes in the weight of the testis, serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone levels, epididymal sperm count, and reproductive function were observed and analyzed after the two 5alpha-reductase inhibitors were administered to male SD rats orally. RESULTS: The experiment showed that in comparison with control animals, both the two 5alpha-reductase inhibitors: 1. suppressed the development of the prostate and reduced the weight of the testis in the experimental groups (P < 0.05); 2. decreased the serum level of dihydrotestosterone and enhanced testosterone; 3. inhibited epididymal sperm count and productive function. CONCLUSION: High dosages of the 5alpha-reductase inhibitor, Epristeride, can suppress the development of the prostate and reduce the weight of the testis, decrease dihydrotestosterone, and inhibit spermatogenesis and productive function in male rats.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed2006

[Prostate cancer prevention].

The prevention of prostate cancer is conceivable. Finasteride, even though it diminishes the risk of cancer in the male adult, cannot be used as a prophylaxis in chemoprevention so far as we do not know if they produce more aggressive cancers. On the other hand, weight control, through a varied and balanced diet, rich in lycopene, soja beans, omega 3 acid, selenium, vit E, physical and sexual activity and no smoking are without risks, efficient and commendable.

Chemoprevention↗

PubMed2005

[Prostate cancer chemoprevention].

Prostatic cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed in men. Chemoprevention of prostatic cancer is a relatively new concept and seems to be a very promising strategy for preventing and arresting the development of this neoplasm. There is much evidence that the increased consumption of selenium, vitamins E and D, lycopen, soy and isoflavonoids and low-fat diet reduce the risk of the incidence of prostatic cancer. Similar effect is also exhibited by some drugs including finasteride, non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs and lipoxygenase inhibitors. In this paper we summarize the results of published epidemiologic and scientific studies, trying to critically evaluate the potential clinical role and mechanism of action of these agents in modern chemoprevention of this cancer.

Carotenoids↗

PubMed1995

[Chemoprevention of cancer of the prostate].

Prostate cancer is an important problem of health care. Experimental models of chemoprevention, particularly involving retinoids derivates have been described. Clinical trials are going on in the United States to demonstrate the role of finasteride in the prevention of prostate cancer.

Aged↗

PubMed1994

Benign prostatic hyperplasia: diagnosis and treatment. Agency for Health Care Policy and Research.

This Quick Reference Guide for Clinicians contains highlights from the Clinical Practice Guideline of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: Diagnosis and Treatment. The Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Guideline Panel, a private-sector panel of health care providers, developed the guideline after comprehensively analyzing the research literature. As a result, this guideline comprises the most current scientific knowledge of the development, diagnosis, and treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The guideline makes specific recommendations to identify both the most effective methods for diagnosing BPH and the most appropriate treatments for BPH based on patient preference and clinical need. BPH affects quality of life and is very rarely a life-threatening disease. Motivation to seek active treatment will, for most patients, depend on how much their symptoms bother them. Many patients choose a regimen of "watchful waiting." The guideline details the relative benefits and harms associated with all diagnostic and treatment approaches. Treatment options discussed include watchful waiting, alpha blocker and finasteride medications, balloon dilation, and the surgical options of transurethral incision, transurethral resection, and open prostatectomy.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗

PubMed1994

[5-alpha-reductase inhibitors].

A reflection is made, on the one hand, on the lack of correlation between the intensity of micturition problems and the volume of the prostate and, on the other hand, on the different therapeutic approaches of irritative or obstructive voiding problems, and finally on the insufficiently convincing activity of Finasteride.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Anti-androgen effects of the aromatase inhibitor, atamestane.

Prostatic hyperplasia can be induced in both intact and castrated dogs and in intact cynomolgus monkeys by the administration of androgenic steroids. Estrogenic steroids potentiate this effect in dogs. These changes also can be induced by androstenedione, which increases androgen and estrogen levels. Atamestane (ATA; 1-methyl-3,17-dione-androsta-1,4-diene), a potent aromatase inhibitor, inhibits some of the androstendione-induced effects; however, the nonsteroidal aromatase inhibitor, CGS-16949A, has been reported to decrease serum estradiol levels in adult rats but to have no effect on androgen-dependent organ weights. To examine the mechanisms by which ATA affects the rat prostate, in vivo and in vitro studies were conducted using adult rat ventral prostate (VP). Intact Sprague-Dawley rats were injected daily for 14 days with sesame seed oil, ATA (70 mg/kg/day), finasteride (FIN; 5 mg/kg/day), a 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor, or the combination of FIN plus ATA. A fifth group was castrated (CASTR) on day 1. The mean +/- standard error VP weight of the controls was 350 +/- 19 mg. It was reduced 17% (P < 0.05) by ATA, 29% (P < 0.001) by FIN, 48% (P < 0.001) by FIN plus ATA, and 86% (P < 0.001) by CASTR. The DNA/VP was reduced 22% (not significant) by ATA, 18% by FIN (not significant), 35% (P < 0.01) by FIN plus ATA, and 60% (P < 0.001) by CASTR. More significant changes were observed in RNA and protein. The mRNA for prostatein C3 was reduced by each of the treatments, but only CASTR increased the mRNA for TRPM-2, a marker of apoptosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Androgen Antagonists↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The long-term treatment of patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia using Proscar].

The drug proskar (finasterid) has been developed and synthetized in "Merck Sharp & Dohme" research laboratories and tried initially in healthy male volunteers. Proskar is highly active as a blocker of 5-alpha-reductase blocking conversion of testosteron in dehydrotestosteron (DHT). The assessment of proskar effect on the prostate has been performed in 2000 patients throughout the world, including Russia. Follow-up studies (up to 5 years) demonstrate that proskar in the dose 5 mg/day produces a reduction in the levels of specific prostatic antigen, serum DHT and prostatic size, an increase in urination rate, life quality. In benign prostatic hyperplasia proskar realizes its effect in hormonal nature of the disease. The advantages are also safety and rare occurrence of side effects. The response became noticeable on the treatment month 6.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed1996

Medicinal drugs with hormonal activity as chemopreventive agents.

Many of the most common cancers occur in sites that are under hormonal regulation by the steroid sex hormones. These include the breast, ovary, endometrium and possibly the colon for women, and the prostate and testes for men. Much information on chemoprevention of these cancers has accrued indirectly as a result of the use of estrogens and progestagens for contraception or postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Estrogen-based contraceptives clearly reduce the risk of ovarian cancer, but without an opposing progestagen they increase the risk of endometrial cancer. Progestagens reduce the risk of endometrial cancer and when used premenopausally appear to be able to more than counteract the carcinogenic effect of exogenous estrogens at this site. The effect of oral contraceptives on breast cancer appears to be quite minimal, but probably increases risk when taken for long periods at a young age. Recent studies suggest that the use of an agonist of leuteinizing hormone releasing hormone as a contraceptive may reduce the risk of breast cancer. Estrogens used in postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy increase the risk of both breast and endometrial cancer, but addition of a progestagen may counteract the increased risk to the endometrium. The agent most intensively under study for breast cancer prevention is tamoxifen, which has proven effectiveness as a therapeutic agent. When taken for more than two years it has been shown to reduce the occurrence of new contralateral tumours by about 50% in women who have had breast cancer. Three large international trials are currently evaluating its role in a preventive setting. For men, interest has centred on the use of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors to block the prostatic conversion of testosterone to dehydrotestosterone and potentially inhibit the development of prostate cancer. The 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor finasteride is currently under test in a prevention trial.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMed1997

[5-alpha-reductase inhibitors in benign prostatic hyperplasia].

Sixteen patients presenting benign prostate gland hyperplasia undergo conservative treatment with Finasterid over the period 1992 through 1995. Prior to treatment, in all patients the subjective complaints are assayed on the basis of the IPSS rating system for severity of complaints. Uroflowmetry along with evaluating the quantity of residual urine using an isotope method, and echographic determination of the prostate gland volume, are performed. During the six- to nine-month follow-up study, an increase in maximal urinary output by 3.2 ml/sec, as well as reduction of the prostate gland volume by 24.5 per cent are documented in 78 per cent of the patients against the background of alleviated subjective complaints in 69 per cent.

5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Combined use of 5 alpha-reductase inhibitors and alpha-l adrenergic receptor blockers in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia].

88 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were given the inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase proscar (finasteride, Merck and Co. Inc., USA) for 12-14 months and uroselective blocker of alpha-adrenoreceptors alfuzosin (dalfas, Synthelabo Group, France) for 4-5 months. The patients were examined before the combined treatment and on the treatment month 1, 3, 6 and 12. The proscar plus alfuzosin combination produced a response after 2-3-week treatment due to alpha-blocker Further, the effect was enhanced by the action of inhibitor of 5 alpha-reductase. Combination of alfuzosin with proscar meets three principal requirements demanded of BPH chemotherapy: improves urination, inhibits the growth of adenomatous tissue, diminishes the size of the enlarged prostate.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗