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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Surreptitious laxative abuse--an unusual cause of chronic diarrhoea.

Laxative abuse is an unusual but probably under-recognized cause of chronic diarrhoea. We describe two patients diagnosed to have this condition in our unit over a five-year period. The typical patient is a female presenting with severe, large-volume, watery diarrhoea. There may also be abdominal pain, weight loss, nausea, vomiting and hypokalemia. By the time of diagnosis most patients would have seen several physicians, been hospitalised on one or more occasions, and some would even have undergone operations for their conditions. A high index of suspicion is required to make the correct diagnosis. Unnecessary and repeated investigations can then be avoided, even though treatment may not be satisfactory.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Pseudopsychopathic syndrome in hydrocephalus: a case report and review.

A 24-year-old man with a head injury developed a communicating hydrocephalus and underwent ventriculoperitoneal shunting. A revision was required, and the patient emerged from coma with severe behavior outbursts, which persisted for more than 1 year. Computed tomographic scans indicated a recurrence of low-pressure communicating hydrocephalus and a shunt revision was performed. The patient's severe behavior outbursts immediately decreased dramatically. The improvement continued long term and extended beyond the acute rehabilitation program.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Factitious proteinuria in a young girl.

A 16-year-old girl showed waxing and waning proteinuria and fat globules in urine for three years. There were no other abnormal findings except for the urinalysis. The renal biopsy findings did not indicate glomerular disease. Electrophoresis of the urinary protein showed two abnormal fractions at the alpha and beta globulins. Immunoelectrophoresis demonstrated that these abnormal proteins were not derived from human serum proteins, but were egg proteins. It appears that the proteinuria was factitious and that egg proteins were injected into the bladder, as they were also present in the bladder urine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Travellers in five worlds: adolescents with Ganser's syndrome.

A 14 year-old youth, who underwent an odyssey through various institutions is described in the image of Ganser's Syndrome. The writers point out the problematical nature of establishing a diagnosis, which they ultimately want to be understood as an exclusion diagnosis. The differential-diagnostic considerations are gone into and the necessity of the co-operation of various institutions is pointed out. The writers suggest a psychodynamic way of viewing the depicted symptoms and signs.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Factitious haematuria. A report of two cases.

Two patients who presented with recurrent gross haematuria are described. Both underwent extensive invasive investigations including renal biopsies before it was discovered that they had factitious haematuria produced by contaminating urine with blood from self inflicted skin wounds.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Dermatitis artefacta.

Dermatitis artefacta is an uncommonly encountered condition. This paper presents a case report of two such rare patients. The symptomatology and history of fourteen and sixteen year old males with dermatitis artefacta are described. Possible psychophysiological aetiology of the cases is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Factitious and artifactual hypoglycemia.

Artifactual hypoglycemia results from either improper collection of blood samples or interfering substances in the blood. Such artifacts should be easily detected and avoided. Factitious hypoglycemia, on the other hand, results from deliberate subterfuge by the patient and may thus elude proper diagnosis for some time. The most common cause of factitious hypoglycemia is surreptitious injection of insulin, and this is best diagnosed by the triad of hypoglycemia, inappropriately high insulin levels, and low C-peptide levels. Persons with diabetes may also intentionally misuse blood glucose strips to create the impression of hypoglycemia.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The Ganser syndrome and its ups and downs].

Ganser, in 1897, described a syndrome that the main symptoms were: Impaired consciousness, distorted communication (Maladjusted answers, looking like dementia nonsense). This syndrome was first included to hysteria. Gradually, the most striking aspect, approximate answers, has been stretch as regards to his pathogeny, to other concepts like post-traumatic disease, depression and especially schizophrenia. In this way, the Ganser's syndrome now cover a large scale of troubles related to perturbation of communication and with non psychopathologic relation to the primitive syndrome.

Factitious Disorders↗
PubMed1989

A spitting image.

Three cases of injection of human saliva are presented, all of which occurred among incarcerated men. Although no previous cases have been described, we believe that this entity is not uncommon in the prison population.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Simulated tachyarrhythmia. A case report].

In this case report, the hospitalization of a 34-year-old woman with a history of heart disease is described. Arrhythmias and precordial chest pain led to her admission to the coronary care unit. Different therapeutic trials failed. Finally it became obvious that all tachycardias documented by the arrhythmia monitoring system were artifacts, produced by manipulation at the ECG electrodes. After disclosure and confrontation, a psychic misdevelopment in combination with an abuse of analgetics was found.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Could it be Ganser's syndrome?

The term, "Ganser's syndrome," was identified by Sigbert J. Ganser, a German psychiatrist, near the turn of the century. Ganser's syndrome, defined as an hysterical reaction, was often used to describe prisoners who appeared to be trying to escape prosecution. Today, Ganser's syndrome is debated by both psychiatric and judicial systems. This paper addresses these issues by identifying guidelines for assessment and recognition of common malingering behaviors displayed by Ganser's syndrome patients. Psychiatric nurses who practice in both psychiatric and legal systems need an understanding of Ganser's syndrome to adequately assess the patient, plan effective treatment, and complete an evaluation of care. This understanding will enable the nurse to answer the important question, "Could it be Ganser's syndrome?" With the increase of crime and the prison population, the use of "Insufficient Comprehension to Stand Trial" may be a legal option for defendants. If they are exhibiting inappropriate behavior and are a danger to themselves or others, a psychiatric evaluation may be ordered by the court. It is then the responsibility of a psychiatric facility to assess, treat, and evaluate Ganser's syndrome patients in an attempt to return them to competency. The patients may return to court following the psychiatric evaluation if they are found competent to stand trial.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1989

[Diagnosis of subjective physical complaints. II].

The paper discusses further cases of somatization (somatization disease, conversion, chronic pains) as distinct from simulation. Views of the somatization disease and conversion are based on a classification of psychopathology which has not been generally used in Czechoslovakia. The paper gives a hypothetical explanation of today's more frequent occurrence of somatization. It describes a simple screening test used for diagnosing somatization (hysteria), and suggests principles of elementary procedure to be applied in patients with subjective somatic complaints.

Factitious Disorders↗
PubMed1989

Ganser syndrome.

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Accidents↗