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PubMed1998

Familial subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a 4-year follow-up study of children from antisocial-ADHD families.

ADHD is a familial disorder with high rates of comorbidity with conduct disorder in childhood and antisocial personality and substance use disorders in adulthood. A growing literature suggests that ADHD with antisocial comorbidity may be nosologically distinct from other forms of ADHD. Previously, we proposed a family-based stratification that defined Antisocial families as those with either conduct disorder or antisocial personality disorder in the probands or relatives. To provide predictive validity for that stratification, we assessed psychopathology in these families 4 years after their initial assessment. Results show that the probands and siblings from Antisocial families had higher rates of psychopathology during the 4-year follow-up period compared with siblings from Non-antisocial and control families. They also had more deviant ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist (especially for anxious/depressed, delinquent, and aggressive behavior). We found fewer group differences in the academic, psychosocial, and intellectual correlates of ADHD. These results confirm and extend previous work indicating that Antisocial ADHD may be a nosologically and clinically meaningful subform of ADHD.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1975

Attitudes toward family planning, marriage, and family size among unmarried women in Korea.

Data from the 1973 National Fertility and Family Planning Survey show that young unmarried women aged 18-27 desire small families and support family planning. These women express a lower son preference than did young currently married women surveved in 1973 and earlier. A majority of the respondents approve of the "stop at two" slogen of the family planning association, and they want to obtain more information about contraception before marrying. Unfortunately, survey results show that present sources of contraceptive information, including the schools, have not proved adequate.

Abortion, Induced↗

PubMed2004

Family-centered service for children with cerebral palsy and their families: a review of the literature.

Pediatric neurologists and other specialists working with children with cerebral palsy or other disabilities play important roles in providing services in ways that make a difference in the lives of these children and their families. This article defines family-centered service and outlines a conceptual framework of the premises and principles underlying this approach to service delivery. Research evidence supporting family-centered service is presented for child, parent/family and service system outcomes, with a focus on community-based rehabilitation or health care services. The research evidence shows strong support for family-centered service in promoting the psychosocial well-being of children and their parents and in leading to increased satisfaction with services. There is less evidence for other outcomes. It is recommended that all service providers assess their beliefs and behaviors about family-centered service.

Caregivers↗

PubMed1999

Family attributions and coping in the prediction of emotional adjustment in family members of patients with first-episode schizophrenia.

OBJECTIVE: This study used a stress and coping framework to examine family members' emotional adjustment to caring for a patient with a first episode of schizophrenia. METHOD: One family member providing primary assistance to each of 63 patients with a first episode of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder was interviewed shortly after patient hospitalization. RESULTS: Overall, family members showed evidence of reasonably good emotional adjustment. Select indices of poorer emotional adjustment by family members were linked to (i) attributions in which the patient's psychiatric problems were viewed as a result of the patient's moral failings or psychological problems from earlier life, (ii) coping that was avoidant and (iii) patient management strategies that involved conflict avoidance and authoritarianism/reasoning. CONCLUSION: These findings are consistent with psychoeducational interventions that educate family members about psychiatric illness and assist them in their efforts to cope with and manage patient problems at home.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMed1990

Health care of homeless families. A growing challenge for family medicine.

The number of homeless families in the United States is growing at an alarming rate. Homeless families are at an increased risk for numerous medical conditions and have complex health and psychosocial needs. In response to the growing crisis, policymakers have generally focused on families' immediate needs rather than developing a comprehensive long-term response. Health programs have been challenged to develop effective methods of providing outreach and comprehensive, continuous, coordinated services. Family medicine is uniquely qualified to meet the health care needs of homeless families and can play an important role in providing clinical service, designing medical education, developing research, and defining a national advocacy agenda.

Family↗

PubMed1989

A new, short family function assessment questionnaire for use in family medical practice in Israel: construction, validation and preliminary application.

This report describes the compilation and initial steps in the field testing of a new questionnaire intended for Israeli family physicians wishing to rapidly assess the general level of family functioning of their patients as part of everyday routine history taking in practice. The questionnaire was shown to have reasonable reliability and validity in a nonrepresentative sample of 140 married Israeli adults in three different family medicine practices. The questionnaire yielded a sum score ranging from 0 to 20. Preliminary estimates, based on a comparison of the sum score of each patient's questionnaire with the doctor's assessment of the family's functioning, suggest that patients of families with poor function score 11 or less, with satisfactory function 12 to 17, and with good function more than 17. These ranges require further refinement and standardization by testing the questionnaire among other groups of the Israeli population.

Adult↗

PubMed1971