[On the clinical aspects and histology of erythema exudativum multiform].
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Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) resembles generalized pustular psoriasis, but may manifest targetoid lesions, purpura, and blisters in addition to pustules. We describe a case of AGEP with erythema multiforme (EM)-like features in a 35-year-old woman who presented with acute onset of high fever and a strikingly polymorphic eruption consisting of numerous tiny pustules on erythematous bases, marked facial edema, oral and genital erosions, targetoid vesicular and purpuric lesions, pustules in string-of-pearl configuration and ring-like vesicles. The histology revealed, in addition to subcorneal pustules, vacuolar interface dermatitis with involvement of eccrine glands, and microabscesses in pilosebaceous structures. Systemic corticorsteroid and antibiotics were initiated, resulting in rapid resolution without recurrence. Recognition of EM-like lesions on a background of generalized pustular eruption could facilitate the diagnosis of AGEP and the institution of appropriate treatment.
A 46-year-old woman presented with an unusual erythema multiforme-like eruption and severe headache 10 days after treatment with pyritinol for cerebral concussion. Histopathologic findings were consistent with erythema multiforme. Skin lesions and headache cleared after withdrawal of the drug. According to neurological examination and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, the headache may have resulted from a slight, pyritinol-induced vasculitis. Previous reports on severe pyritinol-induced side effects and possible pathogenetic mechanisms are reviewed. Since pyritinol cannot be considered as an essential drug for cerebral concussion, adverse effects as described here raise doubts as to its general use in the given indication.
A 48-year-old Japanese man developed coalesced erythema multiforme-like lesions on the forearms and the dorsa of hands that were exposed to a cutting oil product. Subsequently, multiple, round erythematous lesions with iris formation occurred on the trunk and four extremities that had no direct contact with the oil. It is suggested that erythema multiforme can be induced via some allergic processes following a contact reaction.
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Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease that involves the skin in approximately 35 percent of cases. Typical cutaneous lesions are violaceous or hyperpigmented papules, plaques, or nodules. Less commonly, cutaneous lesions of sarcoidosis simulate the lesions of other cutaneous diseases such as psoriasis, ichthyosis, and erythroderma. We report on a patient who presented with cutaneous sarcoidal lesions resembling the target lesions of erythema multiforme (EM).
We report a case of localized epidermal necrolysis that developed 24 hours after an intravenous injection of vinblastine. Clinically, the lesions consisted of erythematous macules, vesicles, and bullae with a linear arrangement over the injected vein. Histologically, the lesions showed features closely resembling erythema multiforme (epidermal necrolysis). We discuss the pathogenesis of this curious cutaneous drug reaction and review the literature concerning local cutaneous complications associated with intravenously administered chemotherapeutic agents.
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Report of a case of erythema multiforme-like eruption due to the use of rubber gloves. After several complementary studies, including epicutaneous and skin prick tests, we concluded that the eruption was secondary to sensitization to carbamates and thiuram. The main differential diagnosis in this case was allergic contact dermatitis to latex in natural rubber gloves. This entity is less frequent than might be expected, because it is usually due to intermediate chemical compounds used in rubber manufacturing, such as vulcanization accelerators; among of these latter compounds are thiurams and carbamates. Erythema multiforme-like eruption is a rare manifestation of contact dermatitis. Several cases have been reported, most of which have been due to contact with plants, metals or topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Its mechanism is still unclear, but it seems to be a type IV hypersensitivity reaction.
A 1-day-old male newborn was born with respiratory distress, low birth weight, hepatosplenomegaly, and bullous targetoid skin lesions over the face, back, buttocks, and extremities. A diagnosis of early congenital syphilis was made based on a treponemal serologic test. Pathologic examination of the skin lesion showed scattered dyskeratotic cells in the epidermis and interface dermatitis consistent with erythema multiforme. No spirochete could be found in the skin sections staining with Warthin-Starry stain. Using nested polymerase chain reaction, treponemal genomic DNA fragments encoding DNA polymerase I were detected.
We report a case of an erythema multiforme-like fixed drug eruption in a 30-year-old man who was a known user of various illicit drugs.
The commercial production of tea tree oil, extracted from Melaleuca alternifolia Cheel, has considerably increased over the past 15 years in response to a strong demand for natural remedies and aromatic substances. The number of case reports that describe allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) to this essential oil is also on the rise. We report an additional case of ACD to tea tree oil that presented with an extensive erythema multiforme-like reaction. A skin biopsy was performed from a targetlike lesion distant from the site of the initial dermatitis. The patient was treated with systemic and topical corticosteroids. Five months later, he was patch tested to the North American standard series, to his own tea tree oil, to a fresh batch of tea tree oil, and to some related allergens. The skin biopsy showed a spongiotic dermatitis without histological features of erythema multiforme. Patch testing elicited a 3+ reaction to old, oxidized tea tree oil, a 2+ reaction to fresh tea tree oil, a 2+ reaction to colophony, a 1+ reaction to abitol, and a 1+ reaction to balsam of Peru. We believe this is the first report of erythema multiforme-like reaction secondary to ACD from tea tree oil. Other interesting features are the stronger reaction to oxidized than to fresh tea tree oil, and concomitant reactivity to colophony, abitol, and balsam of Peru.
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A case of erythema multiforme has been presented. Erythema multiforme may be a self-limiting or chronic disease, of varying severity. The disease is of significance to dental practitioners who may be called on to establish a diagnosis and provide appropriate referral or treatment, especially when lesions are limited to the mouth. The prognosis is generally good, although recurrence is common.
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