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PubMed1976

[Taxonomic study of enterobacteria belonging or related to the genus Enterobacter (author's transl)].

The classification of 175 strains related to the genus Enterobacter has been carried out by numerical procedure, with usual biochemical and nutritional characters as shown by the utilization of substrates tested as sole sources of carbon and energy. The taxonomic position of the strains is discussed in relation to the species E. cloacae, E. hafniae, E. aerogenes, E. agglomerans and Serratia liquefaciens. By the system of data analysis used (hierarchical agregation method) five principal classes can be defined. The individualization of new classes closely bound to the diverse origins of the strains examined (human, soil, aquatic).

Enterobacteriaceae↗
PubMed1975

Differentiation of Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia organisms.

Differentiation of 625 stains of bacteria which fulfilled the requirements laid down for the definition of the tribe Klebsielleae was carried out using 6 biochemical tests. Five hundred and forty-six strains were identified as members of the genus Klebsiella, 46 of the genus Enterobacter and 33 of the genus Serratia.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1975

[Enterobacter-osteomyelitis in two neonates (author's transl)].

Two boys aged up to 2 weeks suffered from enterobacter-sepsis. In both cases osteomyelitis developed in spite of treatment with Gentamycin or Gentamycin combined with Chepazolin. Both children were, taking accont of the risks, then treated with Chloramphenicol (100 mg/kg body weight/24 hours) and the first patient also, for a short time, with tetracyclin. In the second patient we saw a marrow depression dependent on Chloramphenicol and its dosage which disappeared rapidly, when the drug was withheld.

Chloramphenicol↗
PubMed2002

[Labelling of nif-plasmid pEA9 from Enterobacter agglomerans 339].

The authors describe the in vivo labelling of the plasmid pEA9 in Enterobacter agglomerans 339 with a kanamycin resistance gene. For labelling purposes the donor plasmid pST5 was constructed. This plasmid contains the nif ENX region from pEA9,in which a kanamycin resistance gene is cloned.pST5 was transformed into E.a.339 and subsequently cured from the host. Curing was achieved with AP medium. Fourty strains that had lost pST5,but retained the kanamycin resistance, could be isolated. It showed that none of these clones contained co-integrates of pST5 and pEA9. This is evident that in all clones the kanamycin resistance gene was integrated into pEA9 by homologous recombination.

English Abstract↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of the International Organization for Standardization-International Dairy Federation (ISO-IDF) draft standard method for detection of Enterobacter sakazakii in powdered infant food formulas.

As a result of the growing recognition of Enterobacter sakazakii as an emergent pathogen, the International Dairy Federation (IDF) and the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) have standardized a reference method for the detection of E. sakazakii in milk powder products and powdered infant food formulas (IFF). The objectives of this study were to assess the applicability of the ISO-IDF draft standard, and to compare several chromogenic selective media for E. sakazakii [ready-to-use ESIATM, homemade E. sakazakii isolation agar, and Druggan-Forsythe-lversen (DFI) agar], and a selective media for Enterobacteriaceae Violet Red Bile Glucose (VRBG). We found that the method is sensitive, selective, and applicable to the analysis of powdered IFF, provided that some modifications are added. In particular, definition of typical colonies on chromogenic media should be less restrictive, and the possibility of using chromogenic media other than ESIA should be introduced. Any of the chromogenic media tested here could be used initially, since their performances were similar. In these media, alpha-glucosidase-positive but non-yellow-pigmented isolates should be also considered. Consequently, the yellow pigmentation test should be abandoned, or completed with another test in order to select colonies to confirm. Although the specificity of VRBG was relatively poor, it could be used as a second nonchromogenic medium.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1990

[Enterobacter cloacae infections at the Regional Hospital in Tromsø].

Enterobacter cloacae was isolated from 69 patients hospitalized at the University Hospital of Tromsø, Norway, during a period of 18 months. The total lethality was 11.6% (8/69) and death occurred most often in patients with a serious underlying condition. Death due to septicaemia occurred in 4/10 patients. Multiple beta-lactam resistant strains were present in 15 patients and were associated with septicaemiae (7/10, p less than 0.0005). Cephalosporin treatment had been given to every third patient (24/69), and nearly half of them (10/24) were infected by multiple beta-lactam resistant E cloacae. E cloacae occurred mainly as a nosocomial infection, since more than 70% of all patients infected had been treated by an invasive procedure prior to isolation of the bacterium. A high number of E cloacae strains were from operation wounds, especially among patients at the Department of Surgery (22/30). At this Department, the total number of E cloacae, and especially the number of multiresistant strains, was markedly reduced during restricted use of cefalosporins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[New Enterobacteriaceae found in medical bacteriology Moellerella wisconsensis, Koserella trabulsii, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Escherichia fergusonii, Enterobacter asbutiae, Rahnella aquatilis].

Characteristics of 6 "new" Enterobacteriaceae species, occasionally isolated from human sources: Moellerella wisconsensis, Koserella trabulsii, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Escherichia fergusonii, Rahnella aquatilis, Enterobacter asburiae are described and compared with those of closely related species.

Drug Resistance, Microbial↗
PubMed1989

Endogenous endophthalmitis with lenticular abscess caused by Enterobacter agglomerans (Erwinia species).

We report for the first time a case of metastatic endophthalmitis caused by the gram-negative organism Enterobacter agglomerans (Erwinia species). One day following internal hemorrhoidal ligation, the patient developed anterior uveitis that progressed to panophthalmitis with a lenticular abscess and a necrotic retina. Despite aggressive surgery and appropriate antibiotic therapy, the affected eye lost useful vision.

Abscess↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Two cases of neonatal meningitis caused by "Enterobacter cloacae" (author's transl)].

Two cases are reported of neonatal meningitis caused by Enterobacter cloacae. The two patients are alive; one is perfectly well, the other resulted in hydrocephalus. Both children came from the same neonatal Unit where the were given phototherapy. The importance of nosocomial infections is outlined and different aspects related to the etiology, the environment and the host (particularly immunologic deficits) are briefly reviewed.

Cross Infection↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Plasmid determined lactose positive character in (Enterobacter hafniae) and (Proteus morganii) (author's transl)].

The atypical lactose positive characters have been found to be plasmidmediated in 6 strains of Enterobacter hafniae and 2 strains of Proteus morganii. One of the P. morganii plasmid possesses the fi+ character, all the other plasmids belonging to the fi-group. Both plasmids of P. morganii could be transduced and remained then readily transferably by conjugation. Two of the E. hafniae plasmids were found unstable when harboured in Salmonella typhi grown at 40 degrees centigrade, when they were stable in the same strain grown at 37 degrees. The other plasmids were stable in the original strains, in S. typhi, in Escherichia coli both at 37 degrees and 40 degrees. These results are discussed according to investigation about (lactose plasmids) of which a bibliographic review is presented here.

Crosses, Genetic↗
PubMed1976

[Tobramycin sensitivity of bacteria from the Klebsiella-Enterobacter group (author's transl)].

In 300 strains of the Klebsiella-Enterobacter group which were isolated from pathological material from the Bonn University Hospitals in early 1975, the sensitivity to tobramycin was investigated comparatively in a serial dilution test and agar diffusion test. 80% of the strains were seen to be classifiable as sensitive and further 3% as moderately sensitive. The rate to resistance corresponds to that of gentamycin. No difference in resistance behaviour was ascertained in the two bacterial species investigated. However, strains isolated from the urogenital tract are significantly more resistant than pathogens isolated from the respiratory tract.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

Multiple drug resistance in Klebsiella-Enterobacter, Proteus mirabilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa--an analysis of all-nation computer-processed data.

This last communication on the results of an one-year computer follow-up of single, double, and multiple antibiotic resistance of so-called problem bacteria in Slovakia presents computerised data on double, and important triple, quadruple and quintuple resistance of Klebsiella-Enterobacter, P. mirabilis and Ps. aeruginosa strains. Bi- and multi-resistant strains absolutely prevail in Klebsiella (more than 60% of many thousands of strains tested), P. mirabilis (90%) and Ps. aeruginosa (95%). Special strict surveillance should be imposed on these strains, namely on those coming from hospitals, and on their resistance developments concerning those few drugs which are fully (gentamicin and colistin, except for Proteus) or individually effective (streptomycin, carbenicillin, septrin, nalidixic acid). Mutual co-selectivity of bi-resistance has been identified in Klebsiella-Aerobacter toward gentamycin-colistin. Although this does not take place in Ps. aeruginosa, it is similar to the development in E. coli, and to the one-way co-selection of combined oxacillin-lincomycin resistance in staphylococci in this country. Should this co-selective trend continue, even promoted by the spread of R plasmids, it may happen that the treatment of infections caused especially by these three (or four) species will be seriously jeopardized.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1977

Enterobacter agglomerans: the clinically important plant pathogen.

During a 5-month period Enterobacter agglomerans, now described as a member of the phytopathogenic genus Erwinia, was isolated from 13 patients in a general hospital; in 1 patient it was isolated from two sites. In six instances the organism was the sole pathogen isolated, in two instances it may have contributed to infection and in the remaining instances it was probably a transient saprophyte. The strains showed some variation in biochemical reactions but were similar in colonial morphology and were consistently sensitive to several antibiotics. Although this organism is prevalent in the general environment and usually relatively benign, it does have a potential for nosocomial infection.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Multiple joint infections with Enterobacter cloacae.

An infant with multiple joint infections from Enterobacter cloacae seems not to have been reported previously. The infant survived, incurred a pathologic dislocation of the left hip, but at 18 months of age was well with all other joints functioning normally.

Ankle Joint↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Role of hygiene and bacteriological laboratories in the management of an epidemic of Enterobacter aerogenes multiresistant to antibiotics].

We describe a multiresistant Enterobacter aerogenes outbreak in an intensive care-unit. An epidemiology study based on phenotypic characters (species diagnosis and antibiotype) was completed by a genotypic study (pulsed field electrophoresis) to confirm bacterial clonality. The hygiene laboratory proposed numerous preventive measures to limit bacterial dispersion. We describe the role of bacteriologists, hygienists and medical staff to stop the bacterial dispersion.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1998

Characterization of arylamine N-acetyltransferase in Enterobacter aerogenes.

N-acetyltransferase (NAT) activity was determined by incubation of purified Enterobacter aerogenes enzyme with 2-aminofluorene (2-AF) as the substrate, followed by high pressure liquid chromatography assays. The NAT activity from E. aerogenes was 0.58 +/- 0.08 nmol/min/mg protein for 2-AF. The values of apparent K(m) and Vmax were 0.72 +/- 0.14 mM and 2.45 +/- 0.29 nmol/min/mg protein, respectively, for 2-AF. The optimal pH value for the enzyme activity was 7.5 for the 2-AF tested. The optimal temperature for enzyme activity was 37 degrees C for the 2-AF substrate. The molecular weight of NAT from E. aerogenes was 44.9 kD. Among a series of divalent cations and salts, Zn2+, Ca2+, and Fe2+ were demonstrated to be the most potent protease inhibitors, and only ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid significantly protected the NAT. Iodoacetamide, in contrast to other agents, markedly inhibited NAT.

Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase↗