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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1981

Endodermal sinus tumour of the ovary: the place of alphafetoprotein detection, surgery and chemotherapy.

New developments in the management of the rare endodermal sinus tumour of the ovary, together with the reporting of 2 additional patients, are presented. There is a need for accurate clinical and pathological evaluation of the disease. As shown in the present study, histochemical staining for alphafetoprotein (AFP) provides an additional factor in diagnosis, and monitoring of AFP levels in serum is a useful guide to treatment. The prognosis, previously uniformly poor, appears to be improved with the use of multidrug chemotherapy. In a collated series of 98 patients, the 24-month survival rate was 65% in Stage I disease and 67% in Stage II disease. However, the choice of effective drugs remains uncertain. The improved survival of young patients with aggressive chemotherapy has now raised the question of preservation of fertility at the time of surgery. In a small collated series of 26 patients with Stage I disease, survival to 36 months was not jeopardized by the conservative removal of one tube and ovary.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Fatal Lyme carditis and endodermal heterotopia of the atrioventricular node.

A fatal case of Lyme carditis occurring in a Suffolk farmworker is reported. Post-mortem examination of the heart showed pericarditis, focal myocarditis and prominent endocardial and interstitial fibrosis. The additional finding of endodermal heterotopia ('mesothelioma') of the atrioventricular node raises the possibility that this could also be related to Lyme infection and account for the relatively frequent occurrence of atrioventricular block in this condition. Lyme disease should always be considered in a case of atrioventricular block, particularly in a young patient from a rural area. The heart block tends to improve and therefore only temporary pacing may be required.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Endodermal sinus tumors of the ovary in children. The role of radiation therapy in relation to the clinical course.

Endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary in children has been characterized by its general resistance to therapy and its almost uniform fatality. The multidisciplinary treatment of 5 such cases is described. The author's experience suggests that these tumors are responsive to irradiation. The rationale for a combined approach is discussed, and radiation treatment volumes and doses are suggested.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Florida cluster of five children with endodermal sinus tumors. Possible environmental risk.

An unusual case clustering of endodermal sinus tumors in Jacksonville, Fla., is described, together with a variety of local environmental risk factors. Proximity to high-tension electrical power lines was observed, but chance aggregation of familially disposed persons or coincidental environmental factors not identified could also be responsible. However, this cluster is too remarkable to go unreported and is presented here as a preliminary report for those interested in the epidemiology of rare tumors, in an attempt to probe this peculiar episode of cancer. Further investigation of cancer clusters is encouraged, with suggestions to maintain surveillance for these types of clusters in comparably affected areas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Chemotherapy of endodermal sinus tumour (yolk sac tumour) of the ovary: preliminary communication.

Eight patients presenting with endodermal sinus tumour of the ovary have been treated with combination chemotherapy using cisplatin, bleomycin and vinblastine (PVB). Complete remission occurred in 7 out of 8 cases, all of whom are alive and well 3 to 33 months later. These preliminary results are compared with our own past experience and recent reports in the literature. It is concluded that the PVB regimen is probably as effective in female germ cell tumours as it is in testicular teratoma.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

Basement membrane-like matrix of teratocarcinoma-derived endodermal cells: presence of laminin and heparan sulfate in the matrix at points of attachment to cells.

Teratocarcinoma-derived endodermal PYS-2 cells are known to synthesize an extracellular matrix containing the basement membrane molecules laminin, type IV collagen, and heparan sulfate proteoglycan as major constituents (I. Leivo, K. Alitalo, L. Risteli, A. Vaheri, R. Timpl, J. Wartiovaara, Exp Cell Res 137:15-23, 1982). Immunoferritin techniques with specific antibodies were used in the present study to define the ultrastructural localization of the above constituents in the fibrillar network. Laminin was detected in matrix network adjacent to the basal cell membrane and in protruding matrix fibrils that connect the matrix to the cell membrane. Ruthenium red-stainable heparinase-sensitive 10- to 20-nm particles were often present at the junction of the attachment fibrils and the matrix network, or along the attachment fibrils. A corresponding distribution of ferritin label was observed for basement membrane heparan sulfate proteoglycan. Type IV collagen was found in the matrix network but not in the attachment fibrils. The results suggest that the PYS-2 cells are connected to their pericellular matrix by fibrils containing laminin associated with heparan sulfate-containing particles. These results may also have relevance for the attachment of epithelial cells to basement membranes.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Successful treatment of pure endodermal sinus tumors in adult men.

Seven adult men with pure endodermal sinus tumors (EST) were treated with cyclical combination chemotherapy Cytoxan (cyclophosphamide; Bristol-Myers Company, Evansville, IL), Adriamycin (doxorubicin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH), and cisplatin/vinblastine and bleomycin (CISCAII/VBIV) and surgery at the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Hospital and Tumor Institute at Houston from 1978 through 1985. Six tumors were of extragonadal origin (four anterior mediastinum, one pelvic, one prostate), and one was of gonadal origin with retroperitoneal metastasis. All patients presented with advanced local disease and a relative absence of distant metastasis. Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels were elevated in six patients (median, 4,400 ng/mL; range, 2,580 to 31,200 ng/mL). Six patients achieved a complete remission (CR): one with chemotherapy alone, one with initial surgery followed by chemotherapy, and four with chemotherapy followed by consolidative surgery. The remaining patient died of progressive disease. Of the six patients who achieved a CR, five are alive with no evidence of disease (+17, +23, +34, +43, +59 months); one patient developed recurrent disease at 6 months after completion of therapy and is currently undergoing salvage chemotherapy. Of the four patients who underwent postchemotherapy surgery, three were operated on for a marker-negative stable mass; in these patients, no viable tumor was found at pathologic review. The remaining patient underwent surgery for a stable mass with a persistent elevation in AFP levels. He was found to have 95% necrosis with 5% viable tumor and remains disease free without further therapy. The observed changes in AFP levels correlated with regression and progression of tumor; a normal AFP was consistent with a CR, and elevation was consistent with residual tumor. These seven patients demonstrate that when adult men with EST are treated aggressively with combination chemotherapy and surgery, high cure rates can be achieved.

Adult↗
PubMed1997

Coexpression of stromelysin-3 and insulin-like growth factor II in tumors of ectodermal, mesodermal, and endodermal origin: indicator of a fetal cell phenotype.

Stromelysin-3 (ST-3) is thought to play an important role in invasion and tumor progression. We have analyzed ST-3 expression in fibroblasts with defined topographical relations to breast cancers. We demonstrate that these fibroblasts exhibit the same distinctive pattern of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression that we have previously shown for insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II). Tumor-derived fibroblasts and skin fibroblasts produce abundant ST-3 mRNA. Fibroblasts from normal breast stroma distant from the malignant tumor in the same patient express considerably less ST-3 mRNA. When we analyzed ST-3 and IGF-II gene expression in sarcomas, we found a similar pattern of coexpression. Immunohistochemical analysis of IGF-II and ST-3 protein expression in sarcomas and breast tumors confirmed the mRNA data. ST-3 mRNA expression was also seen in most colon cancer cell lines, again matching reports of IGF-II gene expression. As the two proteins are known to play an important role during fetal growth and development, their coexpression in fibroblasts from malignant tumors of ectodermal (breast cancer) and mesodermal (sarcoma) origin and in epithelial cells of endodermal origin (colon cancer) implies a more primitive cellular phenotype. The regained ability to express such developmentally regulated proteins might, therefore, be a more general marker indicating a fetal-type phenotype of cells in a malignant tumor.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1979

Value of tumor markers in the treatment of endodermal sinus tumors and choriocarcinomas in the pineal region.

A case of embryonal carcinoma in the pineal region of a 17-year-old boy is presented. The tumor included elements of choriocarcinoma and endodermal sinus tumor, and the use of human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein as tumor markers is discussed. The markers were demonstrated both within the tumor and in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood. The patient was treated with a postoperative program of irradiation and cancer chemotherapy, and at follow-up examination 20 months after operation no signs of residual tumor were present. It is suggested that human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha-fetoprotein should be measured in the blood and CSF before the treatment of midline tumors.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Endodermal sinus tumor of the mediastinum. Report of apparent cure in two patients with extensive disease.

Primary endodermal sinus tumor (EST) of the mediastinum has been regarded as a rare and rapidly fatal germ cell neoplasm. We describe two cases of extensive EST treated with a new high-dose sequential combination chemotherapy regimen (CISCA-VB) followed by radical surgical excision. They are alive at 11 and 20 months, respectively, postoperatively. These cases stand in marked contrast to previously reported series. A new approach to the management of this tumor is proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

A case of ovarian endodermal sinus tumor associated with pregnancy.

A case of a 25-year-old 2 gravida, 1 para pregnant woman in the 7th week of gestation who was concurrented with endodermal sinus tumor (EST) is presented. Simple hysterectomy with left salpingo-oophorectomy, wedge resection of the right ovary and omentectomy were done following D & C. Histological features were identical to those described for EST by Teilum. Cytological findings of imprinted smears were characterized by cuboidal or columnar cells with vacuoles, naked-looking cells of various sizes, and cells with an extremely large nucleus/cytoplasm (N/C) ratio. Measurements were made on serum alpha-feto-protein and immunosuppressive acidic protein. The frequency of malignant ovarian tumors associated with pregnancy in the literature and at our clinic, and the treatment for it were discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

Endodermal sinus (yolk sac) tumors of the anterior mediastinum.

Seven cases of endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor) primary in the anterior mediastinum are added to the literature bringing to 21 the number of reported cases. This germ cell tumor should be included in the differential diagnosis of anterior mediastinal tumors. It has occurred in males 13--49 years old who are often systemically ill. Since this tumor almost always produces elevated levels of serum alpha-fetoprotein, a strong presumptive diagnosis is possible prior to biopsy. The prognosis is poor. The two disease-free survivors of the 21 reported cases were both treated with a combination of excision and chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Endodermal sinus tumor treated with high dose cisplatin.

A woman with an endodermal sinus tumor of the ovary stage IV obtained a short but complete remission after treatment with vinblastine, bleomycin and standard dose cisplatin. A second complete remission for 42+ months was obtained with a regimen of vinblastine, bleomycin, etoposide, and high dose cisplatin. This result suggests a dose-response relationship for cisplatin in ovarian germ cell tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Half-life of alpha-fetoprotein in patients with a teratoma, endodermal sinus tumor, or hepatoblastoma.

To evaluate the AFP-concentration postoperatively and/or during chemotherapy treatment, a retrospective study was carried out on 14 patients with a teratoma, endodermal sinus tumor (EST), or hepatoblastoma. Eleven patients were operated. Eight of the 11 patients showed postoperatively a linear decline in their AFP concentration. The half-life was about 6 days. In the group of patients that underwent a noncomplete resection, both a linear and a nonlinear declining pattern was seen. The patients that underwent a complete resection showed only a linear decline in the AFP concentration. No relationship was found between the reduction pattern of the AFP and the development of recurrences. The development of a recurrence was accompanied by an increasing AFP concentration.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Primary intracranial endodermal sinus tumor. Case report.

Endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac carcinoma), a germinal neoplasm, is rarely primary in the cranial cavity. The authors add a third case with the tumor located in the anterior third ventricular (suprasellar) region to the literature. Seventeen previously reported intracranial cases, mostly in the pineal region, are briefly reviewed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1980

Primary pineal endodermal sinus tumor with elevated serum and CSF alphafetoprotein levels. Case report.

A 12-year-old girl with an alphafetoprotein-producing brain tumor in the pineal region is presented. The marker was detected in both serum and cerebrospinal fluid. The amount of the marker decreased after irradiation of the tumor and systemic chemotherapy and increased prior to tumor recurrence. At autopsy, the tumor was histopathologically diagnosed as an endodermal sinus tumor, and alphafetoprotein was demonstrated in the tumor cells by the immunofluorescence method. Alphafetoprotein may represent a specific and sensitive marker for predicting tumor histopathology and for monitoring the therapeutic response in patients with primary intracranial germ-cell tumors.

Brain Neoplasms↗