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PubMed1965

EFFECTS OF LACTIC ACID-FORMING BACTERIA ON VIBRIO COMMA INOCULATED INTO INTESTINAL SEGMENTS OF RABBITS.

Hattori, H. (Sankyo Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), H. Misawa, I. Igarashi, and Y. Sugiya. Effects of lactic acid-forming bacteria on Vibrio comma inoculated into intestinal segments of rabbits. J. Bacteriol. 90:541-545. 1965.-Mixed inocula of Vibrio comma KC-4 and various lactic acid-forming bacteria were injected into the intestinal segments of rabbits (De and Chatterje, 1953) to observe the effects of the latter agents in altering the changes produced by strain KC-4. The animals were sacrificed 10 and 20 hr after inoculation. The inoculated intestinal segments were first examined grossly, and the amount of exudate in the segments, if any, was measured, after which the tissues were subjected to pathological examination. When KC-4 cells together with spore-bearing lactic acid-forming bacilli, strain P-22, or Lactobacillus casei were introduced, the intestinal segments showed few or no macroscopic and microscopic changes, and no accumulation of exudate. With mixed inoculation with lactic acid bacteria such as L. bulgaricus, L. acidophilus, Streptococcus lactis, and S. faecalis, changes were produced by strain KC-4. Macroscopically, no difference was discernible between the changes caused by mixed inoculation and those produced by single inoculation of KC-4. Upon pathological examination, however, it was seen that changes resulting from mixed inoculation were slightly less severe than those produced by inoculation with strain KC-4 only.

Animals↗
PubMed1964

PRODUCTION OF INFLAMMATORY CHANGES IN THE MICROCIRCULATION BY CATIONIC PROTEINS EXTRACTED FROM LYSOSOMES.

Lysosomal granules of rabbit exudate polymorphonuclear (PMN) leucocytes were isolated and then lysed by freezing-thawing. Topical application of this material to rat and rabbit mesentery produced sticking and emigration of leucocytes, stasis of blood flow, and petechial hemorrhage. The granule-free, supernatant fraction of the homogenized leucocytes failed to produce any of these reactions. Cationic proteins extracted from these granules by weak acid and precipitated by ethanol at concentrations of 20 and 45 per cent, were also tested on heterologous, homologous, and autologous mesenteric vessels. The 20 per cent ethanol-precipitated fraction produced all of the aforementioned injury reactions, whereas the 45 per cent fraction was inactive. The intensity of inflammatory changes produced by the active cationic protein fraction was greater than that produced by lysed whole granules. Both the 20 per cent and 45 per cent ethanol fractions of cationic protein induced clumping of rabbit platelets, in vitro. The 20 per cent ethanol fraction also caused a slight acceleration in rate of swelling of isolated rabbit liver mitochondria. The active material proved to be non-pyrogenic in rabbits. This material exhibited no kinin-like effects when tested on isolated smooth muscle preparations (rabbit aorta and guinea pig ileum). In the rat, the protein produced a transient vasodepression which was inhibited by pretreatment of the animal with an antihistamine. Ultraviolet absorption data and ribose assays showed that the 20 per cent ethanol fraction contained only 4 per cent or less of ribonucleic acid. Upon electrophoresis in starch gel, using acid buffer, this fraction separated into at least three major components which migrated towards the cathode. Precipitation of one of the slowly migrating components by titration of the fraction to pH 10.5 greatly increased the inflammatory activity of the material. The inflammatory basic protein fraction was essentially devoid of acid phosphatase, beta glucuronidase, acid ribonuclease, lysozyme, and catalase activity. The non-inflammatory basic protein fraction contained appreciable quantities of acid ribonuclease and lysozyme. The foregoing data demonstrate that certain of the cationic proteins present in lysosomes of rabbit exudate PMN leucocytes can reproduce one of the cardinal features of the inflammatory response; namely, adhesion and emigration of leucocytes in the microcirculation. These findings offer fresh support for the role of lysosomes in the pathogenesis of tissue injury, and may help to account for the propagation of leucocyte emigration to peak numbers during inflammatory reactions.

Acid Phosphatase↗