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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Clinicopathologic characteristics of metastatic carcinomas to spleen].

OBJECTIVE: To study the clinicopathologic characteristics of metastatic carcinomas to the spleen. METHODS: Sixteen cases of metastatic carcinoma to the spleen were retrieved from archival clinical, surgical pathology and autopsy records. The demographic data (including sex and age of patients), clinical symptoms, primary sites, tumor histologic types, gross appearance of spleen and growth patterns within the spleen were analyzed. RESULTS: Among the 16 patients studied, 12 were males and 4 were females. The male predilection was obvious. The age ranged from 48 to 90 years, the median age 66.5 years. Major clinical symptoms included discomfort in the left upper quadrant, pain, emaciation and loss of appetite. Splenomegaly was noted in some patients and computerized tomography could show space-occupying lesions in the spleen. In general, lung was the most common primary site for splenic metastasis and accounted for 43.8% of all cases (7/16). In male patients, primary lung tumor was found in 50.0% cases (6/12). On the other hand, primary ovarian tumor was commonly seen in females (2/4). Histologically, undifferentiated carcinoma of lung was frequently encountered (25.0%, 4/16), including 3 cases of small cell undifferentiated carcinoma and 1 case of large cell undifferentiated carcinoma. Other histologic tumor types included bronchioloalveolar carcinoma (2 cases), colonic adenocarcinoma (2 cases), ovarian serous papillary adenocarcinoma (2 cases), and prostatic adenocarcinoma (2 cases). The commonest histologic tumor type found in male patients was pulmonary undifferentiated carcinoma. The growth patterns of metastatic carcinoma in spleen included nodular, diffuse and multinodular. Most cases presented as a single splenic nodule. Sometimes, tumors with high metastatic potential (5/16) showed diffuse and multinodular growth patterns. Examples of these tumors included small cell undifferentiated carcinoma (3 cases), pulmonary adenocarcinoma (1 case) and prostatic adenocarcinoma (1 case). CONCLUSIONS: Metastatic carcinoma to the spleen is rare. Understanding of the clinicopathologic characteristics is helpful in guiding clinical management and pathologic diagnosis.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed2006

[A case of Mycobacterium intracellulare infection with chronic empyema].

A 83-year-old man had been treated for pulmonary infiltration was referred to a nearby hospital because of slight fever and cough. His chest radiograph and CT showed right chronic empyema, and in which pleural aspirate was smear positive for acid-fast bacilli and positive for PCR-Mycobacterium intracellulare. He was diagnosed as chronic empyema caused by M. intracellulare. A month later exacerbation of bronchopleural fistula was observed and M. intracellulare infection expanded into the lung. He was treated with combined use of ethambutol, rifampicin, clarithromycin, and streptomycin for six months, and his chest radiograph showed improvement, however, finally he died as he was in advanced age and emaciation due to chronic lung infection.

Aged, 80 and over↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mesenchymal tumor in a female chamois. A case report].

A free-living 15-year old female chamois was shot because of illness and emaciation. The examination of the internal organs revealed numerous firm whitish tumour nodules in liver,spleen, mesenterium and peritoneum. Histologically the nature of tumour cells was identified as a metastasizing malignoma of mesenchymal origin. In addition to the blastoma, the parasite burden of the gastrointestinal tract and lungs did very likely contribute to the bad bodily condition of the chamois.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

Johne's disease in Canada Part I: clinical symptoms, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prevalence in dairy herds.

Recent international developments in the area of infectious disease control and nontariff trade barriers, along with possible zoonotic concerns, have provoked a revival of interest in Johne's disease in Canada and elsewhere. The bacterium causing Johne's disease, Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis, is distributed worldwide and causes chronic granulomatous enteritis, also known as paratuberculosis, in domestic and exotic ruminants, including cattle. The subclinical form of this disease results in progressive weight loss, reduced milk production, lower slaughter value, and premature culling, with possible impacts on fertility and udder health. Eventually, infection can lead to the clinical form that manifests as chronic diarrhea, emaciation, debilitation, and eventual death. Currently, available tests to detect infected animals produce many false-negative results and some false-positives, particularly in subclinically infected animals, thus making their interpretation and utilization challenging in control programs. The objective of this 2-part review is to critically review the literature about Johne's disease in dairy cattle for bovine practitioners in Canada. Part I covers the clinical stages, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and prevalence of infection in Canada, while Part II discusses impacts, risk factors, and control programs relevant to Canadian dairy farms. By reviewing the scientific literature about Johne's disease, control of the disease could be pursued through informed implementation of rational biosecurity efforts and the strategic use of testing and culling.

Animals↗
PubMed2006

[Graves' disease in the elderly].

Characterization of elderly (> or = 65) patients with Graves' disease (GD) was discussed. Emaciation was the symptom that was most frequently found in elderly patients. The presence of goiter, exophthalmos and increased appetite decreased with age, while weight loss, anorexia and arrhythmia increased. Elderly patients often have serious complications such as congestive heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Serum levels of free T3, free T4 and TSH receptor antibodies were significantly lower in elderly patients. In addition to fewer clinical signs and symptoms of GD in elderly patients, prominent cardiac or gastrointestinal findings may make the diagnosis more difficult. Elderly GD patients should be treated with antithyroid drugs. Radioiodine therapy may be considered after normalization of serum thyroid hormone levels.

Aged↗
PubMed2006

[Leprechaunism: an inherited insulin resistance syndrome caused by the defect of insulin receptor].

OBJECTIVE: Leprechaunism is an inherited insulin resistance syndrome, caused by homozygous or compound-heterozygous mutations in the insulin receptor gene (INSR). Clinical and molecular genetic research was carried out in one 17-year old girl with leprechaunism and her family members. METHODS: History and laboratory tests were routinely taken. DNA samples were obtained from the proband and 4 of the family members. PCR was done on all exons of INSR and the products of PCR were sequenced directly. RESULTS: The proband had the following features: apparent cessation of growth, elfin-like face, emaciation, hirsutism and acanthosis nigricans. She had hyperglycemia (fasting blood glucose 15.8 mmol/L; glycosylated forms of hemoglobin 12%) and it was resistant to the treatment of insulin. She was found to have W659R mutation at 9 exon and V1054M mutation at 17 exon of INSR as heterozygotes. This compound mutation is a newly found type. For her father there was only V1054M mutation and her mother only W659R mutation. No mutation was identified in her sister. CONCLUSION: The patient was diagnosed as leprechaunism according to her clinical presentations and biochemical examinations. The new transition mutation W659R at 9 exon and V1054M at 17 exon in INSR is the pathologic cause in this patient with leprechaunism.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1976

[Cachexia in mice induced by a fraction of Brucella melitensis. Modification by levamisole or by diethyldithiocarbamate of soda].

The PMF fraction of B. melitensis creates a wasting disease in newborn mice (J. infect. Dis., 1973, 127, p. 139). Administered to adult mice, PMF induces a 4 to 8 g loss of weight in 20 g mice and more markedly in males than in females. Treatment with Levamisole (LMS) suppresses this difference in response to PMF and restores normal weight in 24 days. Diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC), another immunostimulant sulfur derivate, abolishes the emaciating effect of PMF. Furthermore, DDC is an anabolizing agent which increases the weight of normal or PMF-treacted mice above the mean level of normal untreated control mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Two cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) associated with Graves' disease].

We have reported two cases of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) associated with Graves' disease. Case 1: a 45-year-old woman noticed a diffuse goiter, palpitation and emaciation in 1977. Laboratory studies confirmed that she had Graves' disease, and she was treated with antithyroid drug. In 1986, when the hyperthyroidism was subsided, she showed progressive symmetrical weakness and numbness in her limbs, and she was almost in tetraplegia at 1987. Markedly slowed motor and sensory nerve conductions and elevated CSF proteins as well as clinical manifestations confirmed the diagnosis of CIDP. Following corticosteroid-pulse therapy and plasmapheresis resulted in good recovery in both motor and sensory impairment, though two-times of relapses were observed. Case 2: a 33-year-old man first noticed weakness in his legs in 1977, motor and sensory disturbances progressed for 12 years. Slowed nerve conduction, high CSF proteins and two-times of relapses in early phase indicated that the CIDP was the diagnosis. In 1989 he complained general fatigue, hyperhidrosis and body-weight loss. The serum thyroid hormone levels were high, and other laboratory studies confirmed the presence of Graves' disease. The cases with both CIDP and Graves' disease has rarely been reported. The background mechanism of this association is not well understood, but the susceptibility to CIDP and Graves' disease may be related to the HLA antigens and immunoglobulin Gm allotypes of which are the genes linked to the major histocompatibility complex and controlling immune responses. The present two cases commonly shared several HLA-DR antigens, but their significance should be confirmed by examining many cases.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Chronic diarrhea since returning from Black Africa. "Think of tropical sprue"!].

Tropical sprue is a diagnosis about which we have to think when we are confronted to a patient back from overseas. We examined a young man back from Central African Republic where he got diarrhoea which keeps going on in France, with alteration of his general condition and stigmata of malabsorption. Taking advantage of such observation, the authors report on the present knowledge about that disease peculiar to tropical zone. Biological elements of malabsorption are associated to partial emaciation of villi of small intestine. As a matter of fact, diagnosis is made by elimination. Its pathogenesis remains unknown and is linked to some troubles of intestinal microbism of which exact causes has not been yet put into evidence. An easy treatment by tetracycline and folic acid is a true diagnosis test, as general condition is set up again, as well as villi intestinalis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Camel (Camelus dromedarius) contagious ecthyma in the Sudan. A case report.

The clinical and pathological features of the contagious ecthyma in camel calves in the Sudan were investigated. The animals were inappetant, emaciated and slightly anaemic. The disease was characterized by skin lesions around the lips and nostrils with occasional involvement of mucocutaneous junctions. The pathology includes vaculoar changes of the epithelial layers. Affected areas were ulcerated, haemorrhagic and with frequent secondary bacterial surinfection. Negative contrast electron microscopy has proven to be an extremely useful procedure for quick differential diagnosis.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[No promoting effects of sodium tanshinone II-A sulfonate on growth and metastasis of Lewis carcinoma].

From d 3 after transplantation of Lewis pulmonary carcinoma in C57BL mouse leg muscles, the mice were injected ip sodium tanshinone II-A sulfonate (DS-201) 0.2, 0.4, 6.3, 12.5, 25.0, and 50.0 mg.kg-1 qd x 12 d. At the dose of 12.5 mg.kg-1 or below, the mice appeared to be as vivid as those of the control. In the group of 25 mg.kg-1, declining brisk and unkept appearances were seen. At 50 mg.kg-1, the mice were more emaciated and half of them died. On d 2 of cessation of the medication, all remaining mice were dissected. The weights of muscle tumors and the metastatic foci on lungs in the medicated mice showed no significant differences from their controls. These results demonstrate that DS-201 has no promoting effect both on growth of Lewis carcinoma transplanted in C57BL mouse leg muscles and on lung metastasis of the neoplasm.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Relief of severe diabetic truncal pain with mexiletine.

A 60 year-old Japanese man having a 20-year history of diabetes mellitus presented with truncal neuropathy. The severe pain, especially its nocturnal exacerbation, prevented him from sleeping and eating, resulting in rapid emaciation. However, he recovered from the condition with oral mexiletine, which dramatically controlled the pain.

Back Pain↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Isolation of poxvirus from debilitating cutaneous lesions on four immature grackles (Quiscalus sp.).

Poxvirus was isolated from nodules on four immature grackles (Quiscalus sp.) collected in two residential areas of Victoria, Texas. All of the birds were emaciated and had nodules on the eyelids, bill, legs, toes, and areas of the skin on the wings, neck, and ventral abdomen. These pox nodules were extensive and probably interfered with both sight and flight. The preliminary diagnosis was confirmed by virus isolation, histopathology, and electron microscopy. Poxvirus was isolated on the chorioallantoic membrane of embryonated hen's eggs and in Muscovy duck embryo fibroblast cell culture. Phaenicia calliphoridae (blowfly) larvae were found in one of the pox nodules, raising the possibility of mechanical transmission of the virus by contaminated adult blowflies.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Community perceptions on diarrheal diseases: a case study in swampy lowland area of south Sumatra, Indonesia. The Diarrheal Diseases Research and Training Study Group.

Four investigators conducted participative observation at 4 hamlets, representing 4 typical topography in the area, wet or dry near the river and wet or dry far from the river, in District Rambutan, South Sumatera Province, Indonesia from July 1988 up until February 1989 to study the community perception and practices on diarrheal diseases (DD). The observation was supported by focus group discussions and informal interviews. It was found that the causes of DD can be grouped into: dirty water; wrong (cold, hot, sting) food; part of the growth process; physical condition (extreme heat, cold wind and inner abnormality, inner heat, muscle strain), and supernatural. The type of DD can be grouped into: mild without vomiting named ngadi, negenteng-ngentengi, nambah kepacakan, etc which was linked to the growth process; more severe diarrhea, might be with fever (mising-mising, murus, mencret, etc); more severe diarrhea with severe vomiting (muntager, kolera); bloody/mucoid stool (disentri, mising tai angin, mising umbal). The community had also the concept of prolonged diarrhea named as menerus (literally meaning prolonged) Muntaber was more associated with bad water while the prolonged one was more associated with inner abnormality. The danger of diarrhea perceived was susut = shrinkage, lisut = emaciation. Pale and red hair with lisut were recognized as the dangers of prolonged diarrhea. The community did not associate these conditions with fluid loss. The management started by self medication using tapel (pasta of herb applied) to the stomach), decoct (daun jambu, akar teratai etc), solid oral preparation (cassava with raw sugar, rast rice, etc).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Diarrhea, Infantile↗
PubMed1977

Pathology of experimentally induced polybrominated biphenyl toxicosis in pregnant heifers.

Toxicosis was induced in pregnant Holstein-Friesian heifers by giving polybrominated biphenyls a in gelatin capsules at the rate of 25 g/day. Initially, this dosage was approximately 67 mg/kg of body weight. Clinical signs were anorexia, excessive lacrimation and salivation, diarrhea, emaciation, dehydration, depression, and abortion. Fever was not evident during the experiment. Values for serum glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase, lactic dehydrogenase, blood urea nitrogen, and bilirubin were increased. Changes in packed cell volume, hemoglobin content, total erythrocyte and leukocyte counts, and differential leukocyte counts were minimal and reflected dehydration and secondary infection. The principal urine changes were decreased specific gravity and moderate proteinuria. Gross necropsy findings included dehydration; subcutaneous emphysema and hemorrhage; atrophy of the thymus; fetal death with concomitant necrosis of cotyledons; kidneys that were enlarged, pale tan to gray; thickened wall of the gallbladder; inspissated bile; edema of abomasal folds; mucoid enteritis; linear hemorrhage and edema of the rectal mucosa; and secondary pneumonia. Microscopic changes were most marked in the kidneys, gallbladder, and eyelid. In the kidney, the principal changes were extreme dilatation of collecting ducts and convoluted tubules, with epithelial degenerative changes of cloudy swelling, hydropic degeneration, and separation from the basement membrane. Common changes in the gallbladder were moderate to marked hyperplasia and cystic dilatation of the mucous glands in the lamina propria. The changes in the eyelids were characterized by hyperkeratosis, with accumulations of keratin in hair follicles of the epidermis and squamous metaplasia with keratin cysts in the tarsal glands. Clinical signs and lesions of toxicosis did not develop in heifers given the polybrominated biphenyls at the rate of 0.25 mg and 250 mg/day for 60 days. Initially these rates were approximately 0.00065 mg/kg and 0.65 mg/kg of body weight, respectively.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Biopsy study of hepatocarcinomas in Nigerian Igbos.

Fifty-five hepatocarcinomas were found in a review of approximately 7,500 surgical biopsies done on Nigerian Igbos during a period of 6 years. The male: female ratio was 2.9:1 and the age peak was between 20 and 49 years. The main symptoms were abdominal swelling, pain, emaciation, jaundice, fever, anorexia and diarrhea. Physical examination revealed a palpable liver in nearly all patients. Two patients presented acutely with hemoperitoneum due to rupture of necrotic tumor nodule. Cirrhosis was found in 60% of the adequately sized specimens. In comparison with published data, this series from an ethnic group in Nigeria, West Africa, reveals both similarities and dissimilarities which are noteworthy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Autopsy study on the weight of the heart, liver, kidney and brain in Duchenne muscular dystrophy.

The weight of the major internal organs in 188 autopsy cases of Duchenne muscular dystrophy were studied in relation to the clinical course of disease and age of the patients at death. The hearts were classified into three groups (atrophic, normal weight and hypertrophic), each constituting about one-third of the total cases. Cardiac atrophy was most frequent in the older cases of more than 20 years of age, whereas hypertrophy was more frequent in younger cases with the highest incidence in cases under 15 years. The liver showed marked atrophy in most cases (144 of 178 cases). The incidence of liver atrophy increased with the age of the patients and all 55 patients of over 20 years of age had an abnormally small liver. These marked atrophies of the heart and liver appeared to have occurred in parallel with loss of body weight due to skeletal muscle wasting. Myocardial dystrophy might be another causative factor for cardiac atrophy. The myocardial hypertrophy seemed to be caused by an intercurrent congestive failure. Renal atrophy was observed in only a few of the extremely emaciated patients. The brain weight was within the normal range in most cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Effect of vaccination with the R mutant Escherichia coli (J5) antigen on morbidity and mortality of dairy calves.

A prospective cohort study was undertaken to determine the efficacy of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 (J5) vaccination in dairy calves. Calves on 2 units were vaccinated when they were 2 to 3 days old and 2 weeks later with the J5 antigen or they were left unvaccinated, and were observed during the first 60 days of age for morbidity and mortality. Events recorded were death, the first case of illness, the first sign of a respiratory tract condition, the first sign of diarrhea, and the first treatment. The time to death or to a morbid event was examined as a function of vaccination status, using the Cox model of survival analysis, where serum IgG concentration at 2 to 3 days of age and gender of the calf were included to control confounding. Signs of morbidity in 517 calves were followed, 189 from unit 1 and 328 from unit 2. Vaccination was associated with a 2.15-fold reduction in risk of death on unit 2 (P = 0.042), but with a 2.43-fold increase in risk of death on unit 1 (P = 0.0035). The only association found between vaccination and morbidity was a 1.34-fold reduction in risk of respiratory tract signs for vaccinated calves on unit 2 (P = 0.055). Necropsy results and clinical investigations indicated that calves on unit 1 were poorly nourished and emaciated. Antibodies to J5 2 weeks after vaccination were significantly (P = 0.0002) lower in calves on unit 1 than in calves on unit 2. The findings offered a possible explanation for the adverse vaccination effect in calves on unit 1.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗