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Results for “Diversification”

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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Strategic planning vital to eldercare diversification.

The elderly represent a growing market for healthcare services. Healthcare organizations contemplating the creation of an expanded product line for older adults should use a multistep strategic planning process. Careful planning of a continuum of care ensures that the elderly receive the most appropriate level of care at the most appropriate time and place.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Pharmacy services to long term facilities--diversification strategy? A survey of Illinois hospital pharmacists.

Hospital directors of pharmacy are currently seeking alternatives to inpatient services to offset hospital losses resulting from Diagnosis Related Group legislation. Provision of pharmacy services to long term care facilities is examined as an alternative. As survey of Illinois hospitals was conducted. Results indicated investigation of long term care services was limited. Only 28% of nonproviders had investigated this activity. Eighty percent of this group, however, indicated other directors of pharmacy would investigate this alternative. Barriers to initiation were perceived as additional personnel and legal constraints. Additional interest in this activity may occur following expected improvements in Medicare long term care benefits. These improvements are foreseen following completion of reports on long term care services mandated by recent Medicare Catastrophic Coverage.

Feasibility Studies↗
PubMed1999

Antigen-induced somatic diversification of rabbit IgH genes: gene conversion and point mutation.

During T cell-dependent immune responses in mouse and human, Ig genes diversify by somatic hypermutation within germinal centers. Rabbits, in addition to using somatic hypermutation to diversify their IgH genes, use a somatic gene conversion-like mechanism, which involves homologous recombination between upstream VH gene segments and the rearranged VDJ genes. Somatic gene conversion and somatic hypermutation occur in young rabbit gut-associated lymphoid tissue and are thought to diversify a primary Ab repertoire that is otherwise limited by preferential VH gene segment utilization. Because somatic gene conversion is rarely found within Ig genes during immune responses in mouse and human, we investigated whether gene conversion in rabbit also occurs during specific immune responses, in a location other than gut-associated lymphoid tissue. We analyzed clonally related VDJ genes from popliteal lymph node B cells responding to primary, secondary, and tertiary immunization with the hapten FITC coupled to a protein carrier. Clonally related VDJ gene sequences were derived from FITC-specific hybridomas, as well as from Ag-induced germinal centers of the popliteal lymph node. By analyzing the nature of mutations within these clonally related VDJ gene sequences, we found evidence not only of ongoing somatic hypermutation, but also of ongoing somatic gene conversion. Thus in rabbit, both somatic gene conversion and somatic hypermutation occur during the course of an immune response.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1999

Developing a mission, vision, and philosophy in the new context of cultural diversification.

This article is about the blending of a mission, vision, and philosophy of care by two systems of health care that are both rich in history and vision. The unique qualities of each hospital are described. The diversified cultures of each organization are discussed in terms of reaching a final decision regarding the joint vision, philosophy of care, and mission of the system that has been redesigned.

Academies and Institutes↗
PubMed1999

Classification, origins, and patterns of diversification in New ZealandCarmichaelinae (Fabaceae).

Analysis of ITS sequences provides support for a clade that includes Carmichaelia, Clianthus, Montigena, and Swainsona. We provide a node-based definition and recommend that this clade be called Carmichaelinae. Results suggest that Carmichaelinae are derived from northern hemisphere Astragalinae. The clade has extensively radiated in Australia, and two independent lineages have diversified in New Zealand. The New Zealand lineages differ in species richness. One lineage consists of 24 species placed in Carmichaelia and Clianthus, while the other corresponds to the monotypic genus Montigena. The pattern of relationships inferred from ITS sequences suggests that the New Zealand radiation was recent and possibly accompanied episodes of mountain-building and glaciation.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2000

Diversification of the North American shrub genus Ceanothus (Rhamnaceae): conflicting phylogenies from nuclear ribosomal DNA and chloroplast DNA.

Ceanothus comprises ∼55 morphologically and ecologically diverse species of woody perennials endemic to North America. Interpretations of the natural history of Ceanothus have served as a general model of evolution for woody perennials with simple entomophilous pollination systems, but these interpretations lacked explicit phylogenetic context. We used cladistic analysis of sequences of the chloroplast-encoded matK and the internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and 5.8S coding region of nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA) to reconstruct the phylogeny of Ceanothus. The nuclear and organellar phylogenies exhibited very low levels of both topological and character congruence. Subgenera Ceanothus and Cerastes are monophyletic sister taxa in both phylogenies, but both data sets suffer from a lack of resolution below the level of subgenus. Lack of taxonomic congruence between the two data sets may be a result of introgression and/or lineage sorting. The ITS tree was accepted as the better estimate of a species phylogeny for Ceanothus, on the assumption that nuclear markers are less prone to introgression. Three of five polytypic species in the ITS data set were paraphyletic, and four of six polytypic species in the matK data set were paraphyletic. This study demonstrates the degree to which matched independent data sets can produce conflicting summaries of evolutionary history.

Journal Article↗