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At least 991 records · Page 55Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

An examination of practice referral rates in relation to practice structure, patient demography and case mix.

This paper examines the variation in practice referral rates from 53 practices over a twelve-month period. Data from the Second National Morbidity Study were used in relation to practice structure; age, sex and Social Class composition of the patient population; and the case mix by practice. The results show that the age of the patient is an important determinant of the probability of referral, whereas Social Class has little influence. Analysis of the practice-based data showed that practices were highly concordant in their referral activity across sex and age (greater or less than 45 years), sex and Social Class (manual or non-manual), and across chapters of the disease classification. This degree of concordance points to characteristics of the practices rather than patients, and their problems as the main source of variation in practice referral behaviour.

Chi-Square Distribution↗
PubMed1999

The demography of centenarians in England and Wales.

Using a new database, the article investigates the causes of the current 'explosion' in the numbers of centenarians. It then examines the latest official projections for the future and their implications for the highest ages which are likely to be attained.

Aged↗
PubMed2000

The Tortoise and the Hare. Small-Game Use, the Broad-Spectrum Revolution, and Paleolithic Demography.

This study illustrates the potential of small-game data for identifying and dating Paleolithic demographic pulses such as those associated with modern human origins and the later evolution of food-producing economies. Archaeofaunal series from Israel and Italy serve as our examples. Three important implications of this study are that (1) early Middle Paleolithic populations were exceptionally small and highly dispersed, (2) the first major population growth pulse in the eastern Mediterranean probably occurred before the end of the Middle Paleolithic, and (3) subsequent demographic pulses in the Upper and Epi-Paleolithic greatly reshaped the conditions of selection that operated on human subsistence ecology, technology, and society. The findings of this study are consistent with the main premise of Flannery's broad-spectrum-revolution hypothesis. However, ranking small prey in terms of work of capture (in the absence of special harvesting tools) proved far more effective in this investigation of human diet breadth than have the taxonomic-diversity analyses published previously.

Journal Article↗
PubMedDate not supplied

The effects of methodological limitations in the study of butterfly behavior and demography: a daily study of Vanessa atalanta (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) for 22 years.

Normally, butterfly behavior and population size are studied intensively for brief periods or occasionally for long periods, not in detail for long periods, producing an incomplete view in both cases. How time limitation affects studies has been unknown for a long time. This paper analyses this problem based on an intensive long term study of Vanessa atalanta (L.) that covered nearly 8000 days, most of them consecutive, for 22 years (April 15, 1977-April 14, 1999), in a subtropical habitat near Orlando, Florida. There is no evidence that ethological studies are affected by their normally brief duration (one year or less), but the analysis of yearly values hid the associations of number of individuals and arrival time with climate. In small areas, isolated population counts lasting less than two weeks are not reliable, according to this study. We found no difference in number of visitors for El Niño years. The daily number of visitors was inversely correlated with temperature and precipitation, but arrival time of the first visitor was positively correlated with both. The number of visitors reaches a peak near the end of Winter. The activity period span is greater than in more seasonal climates. Individuals were active even at 10 degrees C and with 9 m/s winds. Individuals with fresh wing condition were most common from January to June. There were 82 atypical cases of individuals arriving before 12:00 hr. Aerial interactions were seen whenever there was more than one individual in the site (i.e. 41% of days, N = 7634 total days). Only once in these 22 years was predation seen.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

The demography of the Kuwaiti population of Kuwait.

Kuwait has experienced a dramatic rise in national income since 1945, and its material standard of living is as high as that of any country in the world. The national population (Kuwaitis) is a stable and almost closed population comprising 45 percent of the total population of the state. The Kuwaitis, readily separable from the immigrant population, both de facto and de jure, have a very low level of mortality but retain their traditionally high level of fertility. It is suggested that this largely unaltered pattern of fertility is a function of the peculiar form of economic development to which Kuwait has been subjected and of the strongly pro-natalist pressures associated with Arabic Islam.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Demography of sterilization: Indian experience.

Using program statistics and a few local studies, the paper examines the prevalence of sterilization in India and makes demographic analysis of the performance. Major points of note are that the prevalence rates expressed in terms of currently married women showed irregular fluctuations across time and the age pattern of acceptance hardly agreed with that of the married population. The selectivity of high fertility couples for sterilization had been fairly high, resulting in a low fertility impact. Estimates of births averted due to the program were derived by using a computerized microsimulation model CONVERSE. It appears that the path of fertility changes was not smooth in the last decade and the impact has been, as a rule, greatest 2 years after acceptance.

Age Factors↗